• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.251-260
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• 2009

Objectives : To estimate the annual socioeconomic costs of stroke in Korea in 2005 from a societal perspective. Methods : We identified those 20 years or older who had at least one national health insurance (NHI) claims record with a primary or a secondary diagnosis of stroke (ICD-10 codes: I60-I69, G45) in 2005. Direct medical costs of the stroke were measured from the NHI claims records. Direct non-medical costs were estimated as transportation costs incurred when visiting the hospitals. Indirect costs were defined as patients and caregivers productivity loss associated with office visits or hospitalization. Also, the costs of productivity loss due to premature death from stroke were calculated. Results : A total of 882,143 stroke patients were identified with prevalence for treatment of stroke at 2.44%. The total cost for the treatment of stroke in the nation was estimated to be 3,737 billion Korean won (KRW) which included direct costs at 1,130 billion KRW and indirect costs at 2,606 billion KRW. The per-capita cost of stroke was 3 million KRW for men and 2 million KRW for women. The total national spending for hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke was 1,323 billion KRW and 1,553 billion KRW, respectively, which together consisted of 77.0% of the total cost for stroke. Costs per patient for hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were estimated at 6 million KRW and 2 million KRW, respectively. Conclusions : Stroke is a leading public health problem in Korea in terms of the economic burden. The indirect costs were identified as the largest component of the overall cost.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.264-265
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• 2006

This paper presents direct load control algorithm based locational and electric load characteristics. Direct load control is defined that demand-side management program activities that can interrupt consumer load at the time of annual peak load by direct control of the utility system operator by interruption power supply to individual appliances or equipment on consumer premises. Korean power system is divided into 14-areas considering branches operating in KEPCO, and electric loads are classified into 19 load groups considering interruption costs in this paper. The purpose of proposed method is to decrease social losses by controlling electric loads mainly whose interruption costs are low. It is expected that the proposed algorithm can be used as the countermeasure for the emergency state of the electric power dispatch in a operation point of view.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2004

정전에 따른 직접적이고 단기간의 정전비용을 평가하기 위해 산업용 수용가를 대상으로 설문조사 결과를 요약한 것이다. 설문지는 주로 수용가의 전기전문가를 대상으로 예상되는 예비 조치에 바탕을 두고 작성되었다. 정전의 기간과 빈도를 고려한 신뢰성에 대한 경제성 평가는 어떠한 종류의 정전에 의해 유발되는 특히 대규모 산업용 수용가의 손실과 경제적인 충격을 정확히 반영하지 못했다. 수용가 집단에 초래되는 비용의 큰 차이를 내포시키기 위해 본 정전비용을 분석함에 있어서 IEC, IEEE와 같은 국제 규격을 활용하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.180-187
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• 2015

Objectives: Metabolic syndrome is an important etiologic factor in the development of certain types of cancers. The economic cost of the treatment of cancer has been steadily increasing. We therefore estimated the economic burden of cancers attributable to metabolic syndrome in Korea. Methods: We reviewed metabolic syndrome-related cancers and relative risk and then calculated population attributable fractions. We analyzed insurance claims data for metabolic syndrome-related cancers in 2012 in order to estimate the direct costs associated with these cancers, including hospitalization, outpatient visits, transportation costs, and caregivers' costs as well as indirect costs such as loss of productivity due to cancer treatment and premature death. Results: In 2012, 18 070 patients in Korea had cancers attributable to metabolic syndrome. The economic burden was USD 199.8 million and the direct and indirect costs were USD 124.5 million and USD 75.3 million, respectively. Conclusions: We estimated the economic burden of cancers attributable to metabolic syndrome in Korea and the efforts are necessary to reduce this burden.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.437-448
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was a retrospective survey to examine economic feasibility of home care services for patients with diabetic foot. Methods: The participants were 33 patients in the home care services (HC) group and 27 in the non-home care services (non-HC) group, all of whom were discharged early after inpatient treatment. Data were collected from medical records. Direct medical costs were calculated using medical fee payment data. Cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated using direct medical costs paid by the patient and the insurer until complete cure of the diabetic foot. Effectiveness was the time required for a complete cure. Direct medical costs included fees for hospitalization, emergency care, home care, ambulatory fees, and hospitalization or ambulatory fees at other medical institutions. Results: Mean for direct medical costs was 11,118,773 won per person in the HC group, and 16,005,883 won in the non-HC group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p=.042). Analysis of the results for cost-effectiveness ratio showed 91,891 won per day in the HC patients, and 109,629 won per day in the non-HC patients. Conclusion: Result shows that the cost-effectiveness ratio is lower HC patients than non-HC patients, that indicates home care services are economically feasible.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.484-494
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• 2000

Objective : To evaluate the relative benefits and the costs associated with the introduction of the new pharmaceutical provision called 'Mandatory Prescription System' which separates the role of physicians from that of pharmacists with respect to the prescription and dispensation of from the perspective of consumers (i.e., patients). Methods : The costs of the system were measured by considering both direct and indirect costs. Direct costs included additional payments for ambulatory care and dispensing fees that occurred under the new system. indirect costs consisted of transportation expenses and costs related to time spent for physician consultation, waiting for the prescriptions to be filled, and extra traveling. Benefits identified in this study were the reduction of drug misuse and overuse, and the overall decrease in drug consumption among the Korean population. Sensitivity analysis was peformed for the inclusion of benefits for outpatients of hospitals, price elasticity, and increased fees for established patients. Results : The net benefit was estimated to be about minus 1,862 billion won and the benefit-cost ratio was 0.478. This indicates that the costs of 'Mandatory Prescription' outweigh its benefits, relative to the previous system. The sensitivity analysis results for all the variables considered in this study consistently showed the benefit-cost ratio to be less than 1. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that implementing Mandatory Prescription System in Korea might be inefficient from the consumer's perspective. The results of this study do not coincide with the results of previous studies, presumably because of the differences in study design and in which items of costs and benefits were considered.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2022

This study attempted to estimate the amount of expenditure per capita of visitors to the Mongsanpo fishing village tourism festival, and quantitatively measure how much the festival contributes to the local and national economy through input-output model. The analysis data used 302 questionnaires, excluding missing questionnaires, surveyed on festival visitors from April 21 to May 7, 2018, during the 9th Mongsanpo port webfoot octopus and seafood festival. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, analyzing the average expenditure per person of festival visitors, it shows that the average one-person festival visitor consumes KRW 129,519: entertainment costs KRW 5,672 (4.4%), accommodation costs KRW 16,860 (13.0%), food costs KRW 74,791 (57.7%), transportation costs KRW 21,646 (16.7%), shopping costs KRW 6,788 (5.2%), and other costs KRW 3,762 (2.9%). Among the expenditures of festival visitors, the proportion of food expenses was the highest, and transportation costs and accommodation costs were in order. Second, based on the actual expenses spent by visitors at the fishing village tourism festival, the direct economic effect of the Mongsanpo fishing village festival was estimated be approximately KRW 14.8 billion. Third, as a direct and indirect economic impact effect of the Mongsanpo fishing village tourism festival in 2018, the amount of production induced in the local and national economies was estimated at KRW 33.3 billion, and the amount of value-added inducement was estimated at 11.3 billion won, and employment inducement reached 272 people, which is considered to contribute greatly to the national economy. This study quantitatively analyzes and provides the extent to which the fishing village tourism festival using local specialized fisheries directly or indirectly contribute to the local and national economy. Thus, it is expected to serve as useful information by providing basic information on business feasibility required for budgeting for local fishing tourism festivals.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제87권3호
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• pp.234-251
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• 2024

Globally, providing evidence on the economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is becoming essential as it assists the health authorities to efficiently allocate resources. This study aimed to summarize the literature on economic burden evidence for COPD from 1990 to 2019. This study examined the economic burden of COPD through a systematic review of studies from 1990 to 2019. A search was done in online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. After screening 12,734 studies, 43 articles that met the inclusion criteria were identified. General study information and data on direct, indirect, and intangible costs were extracted and converted to 2018 international dollars (Int$). Findings revealed that the total direct costs ranged from Int$ 52.08 (India) to Int$ 13,776.33 (Canada) across 16 studies, with drug costs rannging from Int$ 70.07 (Vietnam) to Int$ 8,706.9 (China) in 11 studies. Eight studies explored indirect costs, while one highlighted caregivers' direct costs at approximately Int$ 1,207.8 (Greece). This study underscores the limited research on COPD caregivers' economic burdens, particularly in developing countries, emphasizing the importance of increased research support, particularly in high-resource settings. This study provides information about the demographics and economic burden of COPD from 1990 to 2019. More strategies to reduce the frequency of hospital admissions and acute care services should be implemented to improve the quality of COPD patients' lives and reduce the disease's rising economic burden.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2018

본 연구는 국방연구개발사업의 자료를 통하여 사업 수행 간 원가가 변동되는 양상을 분석하였다. 2가지 형태의 모형을 활용한 실증분석을 통하여 원가변동(개산원가 대비 정산원가)에 영향을 미치는 원가비목과 그 영향력을 확인하였다. 모형1(17개 원가 비목)을 활용한 검증 결과, 17개 원가 비목 중 감가상각비, 관세 등 4개 원가 비목을 제외하고 정산원가 차액과 상관관계를 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 대표적으로 직접노무비의 영향력은 1.022이고 외주가공비의 영향력은 0.942로 확인되었다. "직접노무비 중심의 원가 계산"을 고려한 모형2(직접비)를 이용한 검증 결과, 모든 직접 원가 비목이 정산원가 차액과 상관관계를 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 대표적으로 직접노무비의 영향력은 2.014이고 외주가공비의 영향력은 1.068로 확인되었다. 이 연구의 결과를 통해 "직접노무비 중심의 원가계산"을 실증분석 하였고, 외주가공비를 활용한 원가 절감 유인 또한 발견하였다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2003년도 가을 학술논문집
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• pp.636-641
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 처분원가산정과 관련한 원가대상의 비율을 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면, 총 원가에서 운영비의 비율이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 처분원가는 원가구성 측면에서 일반적인 제품원가 구조와는 많은 차이가 있다. 제품원가는 직접재료비, 직접노무비, 제조간접비로 구분되는 반면에 처분원가인자는 크게 기술적 인자와 비기술적 인자로 구성된다.