• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.533-546
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• 2003

for the low information goods which will be traded through Internet is impossible to manage with previously existed payment system. The reason is that it's not economic because the management cost is bigger than the benefit of the information goods trade. Therefore, recently, there have been micropaymentresearches such as "Milicent", "PayWord", "MicroMint", and "iKP", etc. Though these methods don't have any problem with the low cost of the mechanism and the satisfaction of adequate security, they have big problem with the use of the unnecessary account and the aggregation of payment bill. The PayHash system which has been developed in this study simplifies the system's mechanism with "one-way hash function" which is used in generation, payment, and verification of the bill. And the system removed the generation and use of unnecessary account by making one customer have one account. The system solve the problem of the payment aggregation by using the last payment hash value and its index. And the system improves its performance by reducing the use of "digital signature" drastically, as well. As the result of this study, the PayHash system made it possible for the participants of the Internet Commerce to trade the lowest cost goods through efficient maintenance.o trade the lowest cost goods through efficient maintenance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) are used widely for military purposes because they are more economical than general manned aircraft and satellites, and have easy access to the object. Recently, owing to the development of IT technology, UAV equipped with various sensors have been released, and their use is increasing in a wide range of fields, such as surveying, agriculture, meteorological observation, communication, broadcasting, and sports. An increasing number of studies and attempts have made use of it. On the other hand, existing research was related mostly to photogrammetry, but there has been a lack of analytical research on LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging). Therefore, this study examined the characteristics of a UAV LiDAR sensor for the application of a geospatial information field. In this study, the performance of commercialized LiDAR sensors, such as the acquisition speed and the number of echoes, was investigated, and data acquisition and analysis were conducted by selecting Surveyor Ultra and VX15 models with similar accuracy and data acquisition distances. As a result, a DSM of each study site was generated for each sensor, and the characteristics of data density, precision, and acquisition of ground data from vegetation areas were presented through comparison. In addition, the UAV LiDAR sensor showed an accuracy of 0.03m ~ 0.05m. Hence, it is necessary to select equipment considering the characteristics of data for effective use. In the future, the use of UAV LiDAR may be suggested if additional data can be obtained and analyzed for various areas, such as urban areas and forest areas.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.375-383
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• 2011

Recent advances in digital technology and diversified internet services have resulted in a rapid growth of research on monitering systems using embedded web servers in USN systems. In designing USN systems equipped with wireless sensor modules requiring extra power for heating sensors for their appropriate operations, excessive power consumption introduces inefficiency to the entire system. In this paper, using embedded systems in web environment, we develop a remote-monitoring system with VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) sensor signal, and propose a real time method of processing sensor-data streams by way of the serial bus from the sensor module in the USN system. The proposed system has an advantage of monitering the harmful gases on real-time basis and can be used semi-permanently by providing the sensor module with power through the serial bus. The harmful gas to be detected by the VOC sensor module is Toluene and the sensor module is composed of TGS-2602 VOC(Volatile Organic Compounds) sensors of FIGARO. The detected signal is transferred to the embedded web server using the RS-485 serial communication device. The proposed remote VOC monitering system is designed to coordinate in such a way that the VOC sensor module and embedded web server (EMPOS-II) work together effectively for real time monitering of harmful gases on the web at any places where the internet is connected.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.429-439
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• 2020

This study examined the effect size of virtual reality programs on the upper extremity function of stroke patients through a meta-analysis. Databases, such as the Research Information Sharing Service, the Korean Studies Information Service System, the National Library of Korea, the Korean Citation Index, and the National Digital Science Library, were used. Previous articles were surveyed for virtual reality programs between January 2010 and June 2019. A meta-analysis was performed by selecting the final 14 studies based on the PICO standard. The RoB and RoBANS tools were used as quality assessment tools for randomized and non-randomized control trials, respectively. The CMA 3.0 program was used to calculate the effect size of each study. Sub-group analysis, meta-regression analysis, and publication bias were performed. The total effect size of the virtual reality programs on the upper extremity function was Hedges's g=0.390 (95% CI: 0.192~0.587) (p<.05). The virtual reality program positively affects the upper extremity function of stroke patients. Therefore, the development of various virtual reality programs and industry-academia cooperation technology for stroke patients is required in accordance with the fourth industry. Randomized control trials and detailed upper extremity function studies for virtual reality programs will be needed in follow-up studies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.286-296
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• 2007

In this paper, we have proposed on the Matching Table of 'Type of If Business - Class of IT Techniques' to train If manpower as an educational-industrial cooperation. The Type of If Business(TITB) are classified according to ${\triangle}$IT Services, ${\triangle}$IT Devices, and ${\triangle}$Software & Computer related Services which are guided by KAIT(Korea Association of Information & Telecommunication). The Class of IT Techniques(CITT) are brought from IITA(Institute for Information Technology Advancement). We have suggested on the element techniques from the Class of If Techniques(CITT) according to the Type of IT Business(TITB) and proposed an educational-industrial cooperation program to line up 'Type of IT Business(TITB) - Class of IT Techniques(CITT) - University(Department/Major)'. The deduction process of the core education program is presented to show the educational-industrial cooperation between company(Type of IT Business : Digital Contents Development Service) and university(Major of Multimedia & Contents) in the Busan area. The Matching Table of 'Type of IT Business(TITB) - Class of IT Techniques(CITT)' varies as the way of classification according to IT Business and IT Techniques. The research on the real and exact Matching Table of 'Type of IT Business(TITB) - Class of IT Techniques(CITT)' is necessary for educational-industrial cooperation by the trends of techniques and the changes of IT market share.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.13-17
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• 2020

In the era of the fourth industrial revolution, drones are being used in various civil engineering fields. Currently, the construction and maintenance of slopes are generally managed by manpower. This method has a risk of safety accidents, and it is difficult to accurately evaluate the slope because it is difficult to secure the vision. In this paper, the effects of RTK and GCP on the 3D model of the slope were studied by using digital images taken by the drone. GNSS coordinates were measured for nine points to compare the quality of the slope 3D model, three points of which were used as the check points and the remaining points were used as GCPs. When making the 3D model of the slope using high-accuracy geotagging images using RTK, it was found that the error at the check point decreases as the number of GCP increases. Even if GNSS was used, it was found that the error at the check points of the 3D slope model was not significant when the GCPs were applied. However, it was found that even if high-accuracy geotagging images are used using the RTK module, a significant error occur when the 3D slope model is created without applying GCPs. Therefore, it can be stated that GCP must be applied to create the 3D slope model in which information about the height as well as plane information is important.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.111-121
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose tree-based hybrid query tree architecture utilizing time slot. 4-Bit Pattern Slot Allocation(4-SL) has a 8-ary tree structure and when tag ID responses according to query of the reader, it applies a digital coding method, the Manchester code, in order to extract the location and the number of collided bits. Also, this algorithm can recognize multiple Tags by single query using 4 fixed time slots. The architecture allows the reader to identify 8 tags at the same time by responding 4 time slots utilizing the first bit($[prefix+1]^{th}$, F ${\in}$ {'0' or '1'}) and bit pattern from second ~ third bits($[prefix+2]^{th}{\sim}[prefix+3]^{th}$, $B_2{\in}$ {"00" or "11"}, $B_1{\in}$ {"01" or "10"}) in tag ID. we analyze worst case of the number of query nodes(prefix) in algorithm to extract delay time for recognizing multiple tags. The identification delay time of the proposed algorithm was based on the number of query-responses and query bits, and was calculated by each algorithm.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.3
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• pp.259-268
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• 2007

This study was conducted to produce forest thematic maps and estimate forest statistics for Pyeongchang Gun using the kNN technique, which has been applied to produce thematic maps of variables of interest including unobserved plots by combining field plot data, remotely sensed data and other digital map data in forest inventories. The estimation errors for three horizontal reference areas (HRAs), whose radii are 20, 40 and 60 km respectively, were compared. Although the precision for the 40 km radius was lower compared to that for the 60 km radius, the 40 km radius was found to be an efficient HRA because their difference in precision was modest. At a value of k=5 nearest neighbors for the selected HRA, the overall accuracy was high. As a result, using the k=5 neighbors within the HRA of 40 km radius, thematic maps of number of trees, basal area, and growing stock per hectare were generated. As compared to the forest statistics based on field sample plots, the estimated means of each parameter from the produced maps were underestimated.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.6 no.2 s.12
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• pp.105-117
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• 1998

The main object of this study was to prove the effectiveness of satellite Image data for extraction of the pine needle gall midge damaged area in the part of Kangwon-do area, and to present the detailed procedure of a digital image processing for extraction of those damaged area. The effectiveness of extraction of damaged area was improved by using the BRCT(Backwards Radiance Correction Transformation) with DEM for the normalization of topographic effects. The topographic surface analysis of the extracted damaged area revealed that the general damaged area was at south-west and south-east aspect with the slope of 31 to 38 degrees, the temperature of 21 to 25, and 23% to 39% of the highest altitude mountains. The new damaged area in which expanded area was at 27 to 30 degree of slope, the aspect of 46 to 180 degrees, the temperature of $11^{\circ}C\;to\;12^{\circ}C$ and 27% to 39% of the highest altitude mountains. The NDI(New Damaged Index) was developed using the environment factor and simple vegetation index.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.13 no.2 s.32
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• pp.13-20
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• 2005

Upon the request of balanced development of the country and making inroads into the continent of China the development of the west coast was begun in the late 1980s, which has been being continued till recently under the blueprint of making the western part of the capital region to be the hub of northeastern Asia. As more lively development is expected to continue in the area, there are many occurrences of change in topology and terrain in the west coast. This study was done to detect the topographic and terrain change of the vicinity of the west coast. To make the basic map of the change in topology and terrain, the mosaic images were made using landsat images. The accuracy of the images was examined by comparing them with GCP through 1:25,000's digital map. After that, among the resultant images of the 1970s and 2000s, those of Sihwa, Hwaong and Ansan, the lands reclaimed by drainage were compared to observe the change in the area. From the results, it was concluded that, in case of the land the topological change was not so big due to the development in the reclaimed land or the bare land, and the area of agriculture and downtown increased, the drainage and bare land area decreased by comparing the change of land use.