• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2016

In the field of clinical medicine, diagnostic accuracy studies refer to the degree of agreement between the index test and the reference standard for the discriminatory ability to identify a target disorder of interest in a patient. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve offers a graphical display the trade-off between sensitivity and specificity at each cutoff for a diagnostic test and is useful in assigning the best cutoff for clinical use. In this end, the ROC curve analysis is a useful tool for estimating and comparing the accuracy of competing diagnostic tests. This paper reviews briefly the measures of diagnostic accuracy such as sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) that is a summary measure for diagnostic accuracy across the spectrum of test results. In addition, the methods of creating an ROC curve in single diagnostic test with five-category discrete scale for disease classification from healthy individuals, meaningful interpretation of the AUC, and the applications of ROC methodology in clinical medicine to determine the optimal cutoff values have been discussed using a hypothetical example as an illustration.

• 한국임상수의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국임상수의학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.298-298
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• 2009

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1973

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2002

In this paper. we present a new method for monitoring of ECU's self diagnostic signals of vehicle without wire. In order to measure the ECU's self diagnostic signals, the interfaced circuit is designed to communicate ECU and designed terminal according to the IOS, SAE regulation of communication protocol standard. Micro-processor 80C196KC is used for communicating ECU's self diagnositc signals and the results are sent to the wireless terminal and PC monitoring system. Wireless terminal is also developed by 80C196KC, LCD, RF module, and keypad. The command from the keypad is sent to ECU through RF module and the result show on the Graphic LCD in real time. Software on PC is developed to monitor the ECU's self diagnostic signals using the Visual C++ complier in which RS232 port is programmed by half duplex method. The algorithms for measuring the ECU's self diagnostic signals are verified to monitor both ECU and portable terminal state. At the same time, the information to fix the vehicle's problem can be shown on the developed software. The possibility for remote measurement of ECU self diagnostic signal is verified through the developed systems and algorithms.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2010

The thermometers is widely used in diagnostic medical devices, and the safety and accurate performance of these devices are important in the diagnosis and monitoring of personal health. Especially, the accuracy of infra-red thermometer is highly emphasized. Here two typical thermometers are utilized for this purpose: the electronic thermometers measure body temperature by contacting to subject while infra-red thermometers measure by no contacting to subject. Therefore, the evaluating items of each thermometer are different, and the standard for each temperature is highly needed. But, there have been no international standards of each thermometer such as IEC. In this paper, we developed the standards of electronic and infra-red thermometer based on national standards such as KS, ASTM, EN, JIS and FDA guidance. The new standards focused on the safety and suitable performance for health care. This standards were applied to enact and revise the electronic medical device standards. So it can be applied to evaluate the safety and performance on technical file review. We predict that this standard will improve the quality of diagnostic medical devices (thermometers) and increase the international competitive power of domestic product.

• Journal of Gynecologic Oncology
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.98.1-98.13
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• 2018

Objective: We describe a systematic review and meta-analysis of the performance of ${18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose ($^{18}F-FDG$) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for detecting metastasis in ovarian cancer. Methods: MEDLINE and Embase were searched for diagnostic accuracy studies that used $^{18}F-FDG$ PET or PET/CT for pre-treatment staging, using surgical findings as the reference standard. Sensitivities and specificities were pooled and plotted in a hierarchic summary receiver operating characteristic plot. Potential causes of heterogeneity were explored through sensitivity analyses. Results: Eight studies with 594 patients were included. The overall pooled sensitivity and specificity for metastasis were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.61-0.81) and 0.93 (95% CI=0.85-0.97), respectively. There was considerable heterogeneity in sensitivity ($I^2=97.57%$) and specificity ($I^2=96.74%$). In sensitivity analyses, studies that used laparotomy as the reference standard showed significantly higher sensitivity and specificity (0.77; 95% CI=0.67-0.87 and 0.96; 95% CI=0.92-0.99, respectively) than those including diagnostic laparoscopy (0.62; 95% CI=0.46-0.77 and 0.84; 95% CI=0.69-0.99, respectively). Higher specificity was shown in studies that confirmed surgical findings by pathologic evaluation (0.95; 95% CI=0.90-0.99) than in a study without pathologic confirmation (0.69; 95% CI=0.24-1.00). Studies with a lower prevalence of the FDG-avid subtype showed higher specificity (0.97; 95% CI=0.94-1.00) than those with a greater prevalence (0.89; 95% CI=0.80-0.97). Conclusion: Pre-treatment $^{18}F-FDG$ PET/CT shows moderate sensitivity and high specificity for detecting metastasis in ovarian cancer. With its low false-positive rate, it can help select surgical approaches or alternative treatment options.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1984

This paper was performed research for the total filtration in the useful beam of 45 diagnostic x-ray equipments using in Korea. We obtained the following results: 1. A good ability of total filtration was showed in higher than lower maximum permissible rating equipments. 2. In 53 percentage of 45 diagnostic x-ray equipments, the total filtration in the useful x-ray beam was not less than the values given in the Korean industrial standard. This results suggested to user to need the more ability management of diagnostic x-ray equipments using now.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2013

In order to establish the diagnostic indices of skin diseases, some physiological and pathological concepts of interstices(腠理) were researched based on , and western dermatology with etymological analysis. As physiological indices for diagnosis of skin diseases, measurement of epidermis and dermis using ultrasonogram in the zhongwan and dachui's location. And for grading looseness and fineness of interstices with 3 unsound groups, measuring numbers and sizes of sweat pores in each point's 1 cm diameter circular area using comparative method and palpation assessment. Another index is superficial temperature. As pathological indices for diagnosis, validating volumes of dead skin cells and grading degrees of atrophy and degeneration of skin lesion. And as supplementary measures, absorptive degrees of cosmetics on face should be recorded according to 3 grades. These diagnostic indices can contribute to establishment of standard pattern identification and prescription of skin diseases through converting anatomical cognizance into classical concepts of interstices objectively.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.289-301
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• 1996

This paper suggests a new diagnostic measure for detecting influential observations in two group linear discriminant analysis(LDA). It is developed from an information theoretic point of view using the minimum discrimination information(MDI) methodology. MDI estimator of symmetric divergence by Kullback(l967) is taken as a measure of the power of discrimination in LDA. It is shown that the effect of an observation over the power of discrimination is fully explained by the diagnostic measure. Asymptotic distribution of the proposed measure is derived as a function of independent chi-squared and standard normal variables. By means of the distributions, a couple of methods are suggested for detecting the influential observations in LDA. Performance of the suggested methods are examined through a simulation study.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.325-344
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• 2011

On November 1, 2010, the release of ISO 26000 was announced. ISO 26000 does not require 3rd party verification. But even though it is a standard that is voluntarily adopted, because the international standard for social responsibility can be applied as a trade barrier or business condition between countries, it cannot be ignored. So it is clear that we need to be alerted and prepared for this. This paper offers to help with such needs through organizations by developing an index that organizations can use to understand their current situation and diagnose themselves. This paper conducts a comparative analysis between the 7 core subjects and issues of ISO 26000, the existing indexes used by national institutions and the guideline for sustainable management report, the GRI, with the goal of developing a self-diagnostic index that organizations can utilize in order to diagnose their level of social responsibility. It is divided into the 7 core subjects with 181 measurement issues. There are 7 quantitative issues and 164 qualitative issues. The core subjects, excluding governance, are each alloted 14 points, while governance is alloted with 16 points, for a total score of 100 points. This paper is significant in that it is the first index to make self-diagnostic possible.