• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.255-266
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• 2018

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of Pattern Identifications Tool for Cognitive Disorders (PIT-C) and verify the correlation with other related scales. Methods: The study in this protocol is a single group, prospective, observational one. The subjects of the study were men and women between the ages of 45 and 85, diagnosed with neurocognitive disorders by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (fifth Edition) criteria (n=60, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR)=0.5, Korean Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment $(MoCA-K){\leq}22$). The reliability of PIT-C was evaluated as test-retest and inter-rater reliability. And correlation between PIT-C and other related scales was also assessed. Results: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University and registered in the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), and was made public in advance to ensure transparency of the research process and conduct ethical clinical trials. Conclusions: The results of this study can be used to classify neurocognitive disorders as Korean medicine and PIT-C will be helpful tool for primary health care.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2022

Background Dermal backflow (DBF), which refers to lymphatic reflux due to lymphatic valve insufficiency, is a diagnostic finding in lymphedema. However, the three-dimensional structure of DBF remains unknown. Photoacoustic lymphangiography (PAL) is a new technique that enables the visualization of the distribution of light-absorbing molecules, such as hemoglobin or indocyanine green (ICG), and can provide three-dimensional images of superficial lymphatic vessels and the venous system. This study reports the use of PAL to visualize DBF structures in the extremities of patients with lymphedema after cancer surgery. Methods Patients with a clinical or lymphographic diagnosis of lymphedema who previously underwent surgery for cancer at one of two participating hospitals were included in this study. PAL was performed using the PAI-05 system. ICG was administered subcutaneously in the affected hand or foot, and ICG fluorescence lymphography was performed using a near-infrared camera system prior to PAL. Results Between April 2018 and January 2019, 21 patients were enrolled and examined using PAL. The DBF was composed of dense, interconnecting, three-dimensional lymphatic vessels. It was classified into three patterns according to the composition of the lymphatic vessels: a linear structure of lymphatic collectors (pattern 1), a network of lymphatic capillaries and lymphatic collectors in an underlying layer (pattern 2), and lymphatic capillaries and precollectors with no lymphatic collectors (pattern 3). Conclusions PAL showed the structure of DBF more precisely than ICG fluorescence lymphography. The use of PAL to visualize DBF assists in understanding the pathophysiology and assessing the severity of cancer-related lymphedema.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2024

Objectives: This study investigated the pattern identification (PI) and clinical index of Parkinson's disease (PD) for personalized diagnosis and treatment. Methods: This prospective observational multi-center study recruited 100 patients diagnosed with PD from two Korean medicine hospitals. To cluster new subtypes of PD, items on a PI questionnaire (heat and cold, deficiency and excess, visceral PI) were evaluated along with pulse and tongue analysis. Gait analysis was performed and blood and feces molecular signature changes were assessed to explore biomarkers for new subtypes. In addition, unified PD rating scale II and III scores and the European quality of life 5-dimension questionnaire were assessed. Results: The clinical index obtained in this study analyzed the frequency statistics and hierarchical clustering analysis to classify new subtypes based on PI. Moreover, the biomarkers and current status of herbal medicine treatment were analyzed using the new subtypes. The results provide comprehensive data to investigate new subtypes and subtype-based biomarkers for the personalized diagnosis and treatment of PD patients. Ethical approval was obtained from the medical ethics committees of the two Korean medicine hospitals. All amendments to the research protocol were submitted and approved. Conclusions: An objective and standardized diagnostic tool is needed for the personalized treatment of PD by traditional Korean medicine. Therefore, we developed a clinical index as the basis for the PI clinical evaluation of PD. Trial Registration: This trial is registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) (KCT0008677)

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2005

자궁경부 종괴형 자궁경부임신은 빠른 진단과 치료를 요하는 산과적 응급 상황으로 특징적인 초음파 및 MRI 소견을 정확하게 숙지하고 있어야 한다. 특징적인 초음파 소견으로는 혈중 ${\beta}$-HCG 수치가 상승되어 있는 환자에서 자궁경부의 확장, 심하게 불균일한 종괴, 색도플러 검사에서 강한 혈류, 영양막주위 혈류 양상 등이 있다. 특징적인 MRI 소견으로는 자궁경부의 종대, T2-강조영상에서 심하게 불균일한 혼합 신호강도, 가장자리의 저신호강도의 띠, 조기에 강하게 조영증강되는 결절성 부분 등이 있다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.349-358
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• 1996

부정교합을 치료하기 위해 영구치 발거여부를 결정하는 것은 교정학의 역사상 커다란 논쟁거리였고, 따라서 진단과정에서 사용되는 많은 분석법들과 발치의 기준들이 제시되었다. 이제까지 제시되어 온 발치기준들(Extraction formulas)을 검토해 보면, 치열궁 장경 부조화, 치열의 전방돌출, 그리고 환자의 골격형태에 기초하여 발치를 결정함을 알 수 있다. 이들 중에서 가장 중요하게 고려되어야 할 진단요소는 환자의 골격형태로, 결국 개개 환자의 부정교합은 그 환자의 골격형태 범위 내에서 치료되어야 하기 때문이다. EI(Extraction Index)는 환자의 골격형태를 감별진단 할수 있는 CF를 기본으로 구성되어 있고, CF는 부정교합의 수직적, 수평적 요소를 감별해내는 ODI이와 APDI로 이루어져 있다. 또한 피에는 환자의 안모에 영향을 미치는 절치간 각과 입술의 전후방 위치가 포함되어 있어서 안모형태도 고려되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상 교합자로서 골격이 조화를 이루며 좋은 안모를 가지고 있고 교정치료를 받은 적이 없는 11.2 - 14.4 세의 아동을 대상으로 하여 두부계측 방사선 사진을 분석하여 EI에 관련된 항목들을 측정한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. ODI이는 $73.5^{\circ}$, APDI는 $82.8^{\circ}$, CF는 $156.3^{\circ}$ 였다. 2. 절치간 각은 $123.6^{\circ}$ 였다. 3. E-line에 대한 상순의 거리는 0.0mm, 하순은 1.4mm 였다. 4. Extraction Index는 153.8 였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.165-174
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• 2003

연구배경 : 천식은 우리나라에서 유병률이 높은 질병 중에 하나이다. 국내에서도 천식 진료 지침이 발표되었지만 일차 진료에서 천식 진료의 실제 양상에 대해서는 연구된 바가 없다. 본 연구를 통해서 일차 진료에서 천식 진료의 실제 양상을 규명하는데 도움을 얻고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 11월 서울 지역 내과 개원의 710명을 대상으로 경증 및 중증 천식 시나리오를 제시하고 천식 진료의 실제 양상에 대해서 설문 조사하였다. 1차에서는 우편조사를, 2차에서는 방문 수거조사를 실시하였으며 325명이 응답하였다 (응답률 46%). 결 과 : 응답자 중 경증 및 중증 천식시나리오에 대하여 경구 테오필린(theophylline)제를 처방하겠다고 답한 경우는 각각 71%, 81%으로 제일 많았다. 그 다음으로 많이 처방하겠다고 답한 것은 거담제(mucolytics), 경구 베타$_2$-항진제 순이었다. 하지만, 흡입 스테로이드를 처방하겠다고 답한 경우는 경증 및 중증 천식에 각각에 대하여 36%, 56%이었다. 진단적 검사로 폐기능 검사를 하겠다고 답한 경우보다 흉부 방사선 검사를 하겠다고 답한 경우가 더 많았다. 결 론 : 서울 지역 내과 개원의들은 천식 환자 치료에 흡입 스테로이드보다 경구 기관지확장제를 더 선호하였다. 일차 진료에서 천식 진료의 실제 양상과 천식 지침 사이의 차이를 줄이는데 노력을 경주해야 하겠다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.265-278
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• 2011

Objectives : This trial were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and adverse events of Bofutsusho-san(BTS) and Boiogiot-tang(BOT) by oriental obesity pattern identification on obese subjects, as compared to placebo. Methods : 166 subjects(body mass index ${\geq}25kg/m^2$) were recruited and randomized to receive BT(n=55), FH(n=55) or placebo(n=56) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric factors, serum lipid, glucose, blood pressure(BP), pulse rate, resting metabolic rate and oriental obesity pattern identification questionnaire were measured at baseline and 8 weeks. Adverse events and safety outcome variables were also checked during trials. Results : The frequency of top-scored oriental obesity pattern was ordered by indigestion(食積) > stagnation of the liver qi(肝鬱) > yang deficiency(陽虛) > spleen deficiency(脾虛) > phlegm(痰飮) > blood stasis(瘀血) in subjects. BTS group significantly decreased body weight, body mass index(BMI), waist circumference(WC), body fat mass, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in stagnation of the liver qi(肝鬱) and WC in indigestion(食積). BOT group showed significant decrease of body weight, BMI, WC, and body fat mass in indigestion(食積) not in deficiency(虛症). Adverse events were reported most frequently in yang deficiency(陽虛) by BT group and stagnation of the liver qi(肝鬱) by BOT group. Conclusions : Bofu-tsusho-san was effective in treating obesity with stagnation of the liver qi(肝鬱). Obesity pattern identification could be a useful diagnostic tool predicting treatment effects and adverse events.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.70-86
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• 2022

Objectives: This study attempted to provide prescriptions that can be used according to the classification of menopausal disorders in order to increase the clinical utilization of CaPSPI (Diagnostic System for Climacteric and Postmenopausal Syndrome Pattern Identification). Methods: Delphi method survey was conducted for expert consensus on the Pattern Identification that could be used for each prescription by selecting frequent prescriptions based on the literature researched on the prescription of Korean medicine used for women with menopausal disorders. 11 experts participated in the questionnaire for posterity and 7 experts for sasang constitution. The survey was divided into the main prescription that can be mainly used for the patterns and the minor prescription that can be used although the suitability is somewhat low. Expert consensus was obtained through the second survey, and the pattern classification of prescriptions that were not confirmed here was confirmed through a face-to-face meeting. Results: There were 56 prescriptions mainly used for treatment for menopause, 45 for posterity and 11 for Sasang constitution. There were 69 identifications of 45 posterity prescriptions and 17 classifications of 11 Sasang constitutional prescriptions including major and minor patterns. By pattern identifications, the number of major/minor prescriptions was as follows. 肝鬱 14/5, 腎陰虛 8/2, 腎陽虛 4/1, 肝腎陰虛 2/7, 腎陰陽兩虛 3/1, 心腎不交 6/3, 心脾兩虛 15/2, 心火 7/6. Conclusions: In the future, by accumulating and analyzing the data on the diagnosis and treatment using CaPSPI, the clinical status of Korean medicine for menopausal disorders can be reviewed, and it can be used as the basis for the clinical practice guidelines for menopausal disorders. In addition, it is thought that analyzing the results of the diagnosis of pattern identifications and the prescription of Sasang constitution can be helpful in research on the posterity and Sasang constitution.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-36
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• 1989

The protective effects of 24 flavonoids against singlet oxygen - induced photohemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes were investigated and compared with their antioxidant activities. 1. All the flavonoid aglycons investigated besides flavone and 7,8-benzoflavone showed tad dose-dependant Protective effects. Especially galagin showed the most Pronounced effect under the experimental condition. 2. The order of the radical-scavenging activities of flavonoids was as follow (-)-EGCG > flavonols > flavonols > flavones > flavanonols. The radical-scavenging activities of flavonoid glycosides were not different from those of their aglycons. 3. When added after irradiation, flavonoids did not alter the photohemolysis pattern of control. In this study, several antioxidant were found and it was newly found that Photohemolysis experiment is a convenient, reproductive diagnostic method in the screening and researching the compound which has antioxidant activity or protective effect on cell membrane against active oxygen species.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 1990

The fluoroscopy-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy has been gaining widespread acceptance as a rapid and effective method to make a pre-operative diagnosis of mediastinal tumors including thymoma, malignant lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma. Although thymoma is a most common tumor of the superior mediastinum, most cytopathologists are not experted in cytologic diagnosis of this tumor because of limited experience. In order to define the diagnostic cytologic features of thymoma, we have retrospectively reviewed imprinting smears and corresponding tissue sections from four cases of this tumor. All cases revealed an apparent biphasic pattern of epithelial cell clusters and lymphocytes with occasional branching capillary fronds extending from three dimensional epithelial cell clusters. Epithelial cell clusters predominated in one case and lymphocytes in two cases. Mixed epithelial cell and lymphocyte type represented in one of four cases. In the lymphocyte predominant type, the presence of epithelial cell clusters and small mature lymphocytes are helpful features to differentiate from a malignant lymphoma.