• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2000

The objective of this study was to prevalidate the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) rodent uterotrophic assay as a test method for screening of potential endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). This study was conducted exactly as described in the OECD protocol documents. A positive control substance, 17$\alpha$-ethinyl estradiol (EE), was administered daily for three days to ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley rats at various doses for determine the dose-response curve. Additionally, a pure antiestrogenic chemical, ZM189, 154 was administered to OVX rats at the same time EE to determine the effectiveness of the material against blocking the estrogenic effects of EE. At higher concentration of EE (10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg), a statistically significant difference in body weight gain and food consumption was observed compared to vehicle controls. In uterine responses, EE produced a dose-related increase in uterus weights compared to vehicle control. These increases were statistically significant at the >1.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg doses. However, a similar dose-response relationship was not observed in vagina weight. A comparison of the two groups receiving ZM189,154 (0.1 and 1.0 mg/kg) with 0.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg of EE and the group receiving only 0.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg of EE showed dose-related decreases in uterus weights. However, statistical significance was shown in 1.0 mg/kg of ZM189,154. In conclusion, administration of EE produced a dose-related increase in uterine (wet and blotted) weights. Additionally, the 1.0mg/kg dose of ZM189,154 was effective in blocking the estrogenic activity of EE. These data suggest 3-day uterotrophic assay using OVX rats may serve as a good tool for EDCs screening.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2012

Objectives:The objective of this study was to examine the perinatal and developmental risk factors of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosed with a structured interview among Korean children. Methods:The current study included 924 children (6-15 years) recruited from schools in five Korean cities or a child psychiatry outpatient clinic of Seoul National University Children's Hospital. The parents of the children completed the structured diagnostic interview for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as questionnaires on perinatal and developmental risk factors. Results:Preterm delivery, severe maternal stress during pregnancy, change in primary care taker during the first three years, postpartum depression, and delayed first sentence showed a significant association with ADHD diagnosis. Conclusion:These findings suggest that perinatal and developmental factors contribute to development of ADHD in Korean children. Conduct of future research using a prospective design is needed in order to identify the causal relationship between observed risk factors and development of ADHD.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.286-295
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• 2011

본 연구는 전반적인 발달지연, 감각 예민성, 촉각 방어와 작업수행의 문제를 가진 골덴하르 증후군 아동에게 감각통합치료를 적용하여, 골덴하르 증후군 아동의 감각통합 치료적 중재 개입방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 증례 아동은 만 7세 10개월 남아로 학교와 일상생활에서, 놀이와 학습에 대한 어려움, 운동발달 지연을 주 호소로 하여 검사가 의뢰되었다. 감각통합치료를 위한 평가로 캐나다 작업수행 측정(Canadian Occupational Performance Measure)시 바른 자세로 한글 읽고 쓰기가 첫째 작업수행 목표로 나타났고, 단축 감각프로파일(Short Sensory Profile) 과 감각 인터뷰에서는 감각 예민성과 촉각 처리영역에서 확연한 차이로 감각통합치료 중재가 요구되었다. 발달 프로파일 -3(Developmental Profile -3)은 5개 발달영역에서 전반적인 발달 지연이 나타났고, 운동 숙련도 검사 (Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2)에서 운동발달 수준이 평균 이하로 나타났다. 본 증례 아동에 대한 감각통합 치료를 통해 전반적인 발달, 감각예민성, 촉각방어와 같은 감각조절 기능이 향상되고, 작업수행이 개선되는데 도움이 되었다. 본 사례연구를 통해서 국내 골덴하르 증후군 아동의 감각통합치료 접근법에 기초 자료가 될 것이라고 사료된다.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.95-111
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• 2004

인터넷 포털은 목적 사이트에 가기 위해 온라인 이용자가 처음으로 접속하는 사이트를 의미한다. 성공적인 e비즈니스를 수행하기 위해서는 거대 회원을 확보하고 있는 인터넷 포털의 발전과정을 탐색하는 것이 매우 유익한 일임에도 불구하고, 아직까지 포털 기업의 발전과 진화과정에 대한 심층적인 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 인터넷 포털 기업의 발전과정을 심층적, 정성적으로 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 분석을 위한 변수로 $2{\times}2$ 매트릭스를 제시하고 이들이 포털 기업의 발전과정에서 어떤 영향을 미치고 있는지를 분석하였으며, 이를 입증하기 위해 국내 주요 포털 기업에 대한 사례분석을 실시하였다. 사례분석의 결과 인터넷 포털 기업은 모두 4C를 수익화와 연결시키는 전략을 추진하고 있음을 볼 수 있었다. 또한 이와 같은 수익화의 실현을 위해서는 커뮤니티의 역할이 매우 중요함을 도출할 수 있었다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to monitor the development of Korean premature infant at six-month age and to explore factors related to developmental status of the premature infants. Methods: Participants were 58 premature infants whose corrected age was six-months old and their mothers. The developmental states of infants were followed-up with the Korean Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire (KPDQ-II). Clinical characteristics of the infants were identified from the medical records. Other characteristics including Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, husband's support, social support, and mother-infant attachment were assessed using self-report questionnaires from the mothers. Results: Forty three percent of the infants were in the group of questionable status of development on the KPDQ-II. There were significant differences between the premature infants with normal developmental status and those with questionable developmental status depending on gender ($x^2$=5.03, p=.034), gestational age (t=2.59, p=.012), hospital stay (p=.013), revised Neurobiologic Risk Score (p=.005) and mother-infant attachment score (t=2.12, p=.040). Conclusion: Mother-infant attachment, as well as physiological state of premature infants, is an important variable in early development. Therefore, early monitoring for the development has to be done for physiologically vulnerable premature groups. Also, providing proper nursing support to improve maternal attachment needs to be considered.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.331-352
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• 2016

본 연구는 서울 강남으로 상징되는 한국의 발전주의 도시성을 이해하기 위해서 강남이라는 물리적 공간을 넘어서 강남 따라하기를 하는 지방도시에 주목한다. 본 연구를 위하여 신문기사를 비롯한 담론분석, 현지답사와 부산 센텀시티와 마린시티 거주자를 중심으로 심층인터뷰를 시도하였다. 결론적으로 강남 따라하기를 통하여 한국사회에서 소위 "강남문제"는 강남이란 물리적, 상징적, 행정적 경계를 넘어서 작동하고 있음을 밝히고자 한다. 즉, 강남뿐만 아니라 "X의 강남"이 형성되는 공간인 지방도시에 대한 관심의 필요성을 환기시킨다. 궁극적으로 본 연구는 각 지방도시 들이 지향하는 도시모델이 강남 따라하기가 아닌 보다 평등하고, 정의롭고, 지속가능한, 탈발전주의적 도시를 만들기 위한 인식론적 단초를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2021

Purpose: For minimally invasive procedures, three-dimensional (3D) anatomical knowledge of the structures of the face is essential. This study aimed to describe the thickness of the skin and subcutaneous tissue and depths of the facial muscles located in the infraorbital region using a 3D scanner to provide critical clinical anatomical guidelines for improving minimally invasive cosmetic procedures. Materials and Methods: The 3D scanning images of 38 Korean cadavers (22 males and 16 females; age range: 51~94 years at the time of death) were analyzed. Eight facial landmarks (P1~P8) were marked on the cadaveric faces. The images were scanned in three steps-undissected face, hemiface after skinning, and revealing the facial muscles. Student's t-test was used to identify significant differences. Result: The skin and subcutaneous tissue tended to become thicker from the upper to lower and medial to lateral aspects, and the muscles followed the same pattern as that of the most superficial located muscle and the deepest located muscles. No significant sex-related differences were found in the skin at any landmark. However, the muscles tended to be deeper in the female participants. Conclusion: The study data can serve as a basis for creating or enhancing clinical anatomy-based guidelines or improving procedures in the infraorbital region.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2022

Objectives: Early detection of developmental issues in infants and necessary intervention are important. To identify the comorbid conditions, a comprehensive evaluation is required. The study's objectives were to 1) generate scale items by identifying and eliciting concepts relevant to young children (12-71 months) with developmental delays, 2) develop a comprehensive screening tool for developmental delay and comorbid conditions, and 3) assess the tool's validity and cut-off. Methods: Multidisciplinary experts devised the "Infant Comprehensive Evaluation for Neurodevelopmental Delay (ICEND)," an assessment method that comes in two versions depending on the age of the child: 12-36 months and 37-71 months, through monthly seminars and focused group interviews. The ICEND is composed of three parts: risk factors, resilience factors, and clinical scales. In parts 1 and 2, there were 41 caretakers responded to the questionnaires. Part 3 involved clinicians evaluating ten subscales using 98 and 114 questionnaires for younger and older versions, respectively. The Child Behavior Checklist, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Infant-Toddler Social Emotional Assessment, and Korean Developmental Screening Test for Infants and Children were employed to analyze concurrent validity with the ICEND. The analyses were performed on both typical and high-risk infants to identify concurrent validity, reliability, and cut-off scores. Results: A total of 296 people participated in the study, with 57 of them being high-risk (19.2%). The Cronbach's alpha was positive (0.533-0.928). In the majority of domains, the ICEND demonstrated a fair discriminatory ability, with a sensitivity of 0.5-0.7 and specificity 0.7-0.9. Conclusion: The ICEND is reliable and valid, indicating its potential as an auxiliary tool for assessing neurodevelopmental delay and comorbid conditions in children aged 12-36 months and 37-71 months.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.22-38
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• 2022

최근 코로나 19 장기화로 인한 발달장애 시설 임시 폐쇄와 격리 등으로 수요자가 겪는 고통이 심해지고 있으며, 입원 서비스에 대한 정보도 미흡한 상황으로 뚜렷한 해결책이 보이지 않고 있다. 따라서 수요자를 위한 제도적, 심리적 문제를 예방할 수 있는 서비스 체계가 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 발달장애 자녀와 보호자를 위해 체계적인 입원 치료 가이드 및 퇴원 후 관리와 올바른 교육을 제공하고자 한다. 국내 서비스 사례분석을 통해 수요자들의 요구와 개선 요소를 도출한 뒤, 더블 다이아몬드 방법론을 활용하여 실수요자들과 함께 Co-creation을 진행하였으며, 입원 전부터 퇴원 후까지 알기 쉬운 치료 여정과 올바른 정보와 소통을 할 수 있는 서비스 콘셉트를 도출하였다. 이에 따른 협업 공유 애플리케이션 서비스를 제안하였으며, 다양한 이해관계자들의 사용성 평가 및 검증을 통하여 서비스의 유용성을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과가 사용자경험 중심의 발달장애 병동 보조 시스템 개발에 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.407-420
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• 2022

Purpose: This structural model study was constructed and verified a hypothetical model to examine the effects of parenting stress, social resources, family resources, and positive coping on resilience among mothers of children with developmental disabilities. Methods: Data were collected using self-report structured questionnaires, from October 19 to October 30, 2018, with 214 mothers caring for children with developmental disabilities under the age of 20 years. Results: In the fitness test results of the hypothesis model, with the fit index 𝛘² (p) = 69.27 (< .001), and the normed fit indices (𝛘² = 1.87, GFI = .94, CFI = .97, NFI = .93, and TLI = .95, RMSEA = .06, SRMR = .06), this study satisfies the good fitness in standards. There are seven statistically significant paths among the 10 paths set in the hypothetical model. The explanatory power of parenting stress and social resources, which affects the family resources was 41.4%, the explanatory power of parenting stress, social resources, and family resources affecting the positive coping was 58.9%, and the explanatory power of parenting stress, social resources, family resources, and positive coping affecting resilience was 55.5%. Conclusion: Positive coping, family resources, and social resources of mothers of children with developmental disabilities directly affect their resilience, and parenting stress indirectly affects it. Therefore, to improve the resilience of mothers of children with developmental disabilities, it is necessary to develop a systematic nursing intervention that considers parenting stress, social resources, family resources, and positive coping.