• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.16-19
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• 2016

Needs for structural integrity procedure such as BS 7910, the nuclear industry document R6 Rev.4 and the European FITNET procedure are being increased in industry. Especially, BS 7910 allows metallic structures to be assessed on the basis of fracture mechanics analysis rather than strict adherence to design and fabricated codes. This study is to propose the flaw assessment to judge the toughness level of welding consumables at the development stage. The FCA welding consumables with YP 690MPa and CTOD over 0.25 mm have been developed and its allowable weld flaw size considering actually applied environment has been evaluated. Since the estimated allowable defect size is sufficiently detectable in nondestructive testing, the toughness of the developed material is judged to be appropriate and no problem in securing the structural integrity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.51-51
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• 2023

Global warming has significant effects on the growth and development of wheat and can cause a reduction in grain yield and quality. Grain quality is a major factor determining the end-use quality of flour and a reduction in quality can result economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to study the physiological characteristic of wheat to understand its response to temperature elevation, which can aid in the development of strategies to mitigate the negative effects of high temperature and sustain wheat production. This study investigated the effects of elevated temperature on grain characteristics and quality during the grain filling period of two Korean bread wheat cultivars Baekkang and Jokyoung. These two bread wheat cultivars were subjected to an increasing temperature conditions regime; T0 (control), T1 (T0+1℃), T2 (T0+2℃) and T3 (T0+3℃). The results showed that high temperature, particularly in T3 condition, caused a significant decrease in the number of grains per spike and grain yield compared to the T0 condition. The physical properties, such as grain weight and hardness, as well as chemical properties, such as starch, protein, gluten content and SDSS, which affect the quality of wheat, were changed by high temperature during the grain filling period. The grain weight and hardness increased, while the grain size not affected by high temperature. On the other hand, amylose content decreased, whereas protein, gluten content and SDSS increased in T3 condition. In this study, high temperature within 3℃ of the optimal growth temperature of wheat, quantity properties decreased while quality-related prosperities increased. To better understand the how this affects the grain's morphology and quality, further molecular and physiological studies are necessary.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2020

To manage the non-point source pollution and restore the water circulation, many technologies including infiltration or reservoir systems were installed in the urban area. These facilities have many problems regarding maintenance as their operation period becomes lengthier. The purpose of this study was to estimate the optimal maintenance timing through a long-term load test on the infiltration trench as one of the low impact development techniques. An infiltration trench was installed in the demonstration test facility, and stormwater was manufactured by Manual on installation and operation of non-point pollution management facilities from the Ministry of Environment, Korea and entered into the infiltration trench. Particle size distribution (PSD), suspended solids (SS) removal efficiency, and infiltration rate change tests were performed on inflow and outflow water. In case of the PSD, the maximum particulate size in the outflow decreased from 64 ㎛ to 33 ㎛ as the operating duration elapsed. The SS removal efficiency improved from 97 % to 99 %. The infiltration rate changed from 0.113 L/sec to 0.015 L/sec during the operation duration. The maintenance timing was determined based on the stormwater runoff requirements with these changes in water quality and infiltration rate. The methodologies in this study could be used to estimate the timing of maintenance of other low impact development techniques.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.145-158
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• 2022

Objectives: To identify changes in the subjects and methods of Herbal Medicine Consumption Survey, and analyze trend of the key results Methods: The population, methods, and items of the basic reports of all Surveys on Consumption of Herbal Medicine(HM) were organized in a time-series manner. The analysis items were trend in the purchase of standardized HM; consumption value share, and price of prepared HM; type of herbal dispensary; and awareness of HM policy in Koran Medicine(KM) institutions. Results: The price of HM preparations showed an upward trend in 2011, 2014, and 2017 surveys, and decreased in the 2020 survey. However, despite this recent decrease, the 2021 survey also saw the highest proportion of HM users reporting that price of herbal decoction is expensive. Furthermore, the demand for expanded coverage of herbal decoction was the greatest for the expansion of health insurance benefits. Efforts such as adjusting the number of covered diseases and the cost of health insurance coverage would be necessary. Regarding decoction dispensaries the proportion of HM hospitals using only extramural herbal dispensaries increased. Finally, the consumption of HM and the size of the HM industry has continued to expand due to the large-scale branding of KM institutions and the expansion of health insurance coverage. Conclusion: Future surveys must standardize and unify the items for the time-series continuity and compare the results with government statistics reports on HM to increase reliability. Moreover, specialized survey items may be developed for KM, to establish a better and efficient distribution system for domestic HMs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.195-202
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• 2006

To determine the relative efficiency and mesh selectivity of gill net for the Pacific saury, Cololabis saira, a series of fishing experiments was carried out in the Northwest Pacific Ocean from August 13 to October 13 in 2002, using gill nets of different mesh size(30, 33, 35, 37, 39 and 42mm) constructed from two kinds of twine material(monofilament, twisted multifilament nylon web). The relative efficiency of two material gears was expressed as the ratio obtained by dividing monofilament catch by multifilament catch in number. The master selection curve of each material gear was estimated by applying the extended Kitahara's method. The catch of experimental gears is mostly Pacific saury(98.6%), Cololabis saira. The kinds of bycatch are common squid(0.7%), Pacific mackerel(0.6%), etc. Catch comparisons in the two gears showed that monofilament nylon nets are 1.7 times more efficient. The optimum values in monofilament and multifilament gill net for Pacific saury are 8.28 and 8.23, respectively.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.574-587
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• 2022

This study was performed to development the alternative farrowing pen (AFP) and to investigate performance and behavior of lactating sows and their litter. A total of 64 multiparous sows were randomly divided into two groups and were allocated to farrowing crates (FCs) and AFPs. The AFPs contained a crate and support bars that could be folded to provide the sows with extra space on day 5 postpartum. Behavior was recorded by charge-coupled device cameras and digital video recorders, and the data were scanned every 2 min to obtain an instantaneous behavioral sample. Farrowing systems did not affect feed intake, back-fat thickness, litter size and piglet weight at birth and weaning (p > 0.05). In addition, there were no differences in the number of crushed piglets between the two farrowing systems (p > 0.05). However, the weaning-to-estrus interval was shorter in the sows of the AFPs than in thous of the FCs (p < 0.05). The sows spent most of their time lying down during the lactating period, at about 80% lateral recumbency and 10%-15% ventral recumbency. The only significant differences were in the feeding and drinking behavior between sows in the two farrowing systems (p < 0.05). The FC sows displayed more feeding and drinking behavior than the AFP sows, especially in the late lactating period (p < 0.05). Piglets in the FCs tended to spend more time walking than piglets in the AFPs (p < 0.05), whereas there were no differences in suckling and lying behavior between piglets in the two farrowing systems (p > 0.05). It is concluded that the AFPs with temporary crating until day 4 postpartum did not negatively affect performance and crushed piglet compared with the FCs. It also may improve animal welfare by allowing sows to move and turn around during the lactating period. Further research is needed to find suitable housing designs to enhance productivity and animal welfare.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2007

Densification and grain growth have been investigated in 5 wt% $U_3O_8$ seeded $UO_2$ and compared with those of the common $UO_2$ pellet. $UO_2$ compacts and $U_3O_8$ seeded $UO_2$ compacts were sintered at $1300{\sim}1700^{\circ}C$ for 0 h to 4 h. Density and grain size of the sintered pellets were measured by the water immersion method and the image analyzer, respectively. The seeded pellet has a slightly lower density during the intermediate sintering stage. However, the difference of density between two pellets decreases to about 0.5%TD with increasing the sintering temperature. The grain size of the two pellets is similar until $1600^{\circ}C$ but that of the seeded pellet rapidly increases with increasing the sintering temperature.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2013.12a
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• pp.35-41
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• 2013

Nowadays, automated modeling system for steel margin based on interactive user interface has been developed and applied to the production design stage. The system could increase design efficiency and minimize human error owing to recent CAD technique. However, there has been no approach to the pre-nesting design stage at all in early modeling process especially where ship model should be handled at more than two design stages using AVEVA Marine. A designer of the design stage needs artificial intelligence system beyond modeling automation when 3D model must be prepared in early modeling process using AVEVA Marine because they have focused on 2D nesting traditionally. In addition, they have a hard time figuring out the model prepared in previous design stage and modifying the model for steel purchase size in early modeling process. In this paper, artificial intelligence modeling system for automated application of steel margin in early modeling process using AVEVA Marine is developed in order to apply to the pre-nesting design stage that can detect effective segments before a calculation to find if a segment locates near block butt boundaries by filtering noise segments among lines, curves and surface intersections based on IT big data analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.857-864
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• 2018

This paper describes about the circuit design and test of the electronic Arm Fire Device. Electronic arm fire device consists of igniter, circuit and housing case and it operates without the actuator such as torque motor or solenoid. A high-voltage DC-DC converter was used to generate the voltage for initiating the LEEFI(Low Energy Exploding Foil Initiator). The MEMS switch was used to detect the acceleration that occurs when missile is launched, and the circuit was designed considering the size, performance, and specification of the electronic devices. The performance test was conducted to verify the designed circuit and we confirmed that it operates well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.304-311
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• 2008

Patagonian toothfish(Dissostichus eleginoides) was investigated in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean during the period of 19 March to 7 July 2007 by commercial bottom longliners. The number of 116 hauls were carried out individually in this study area by two bottom longliners during 111 days. The total catches were 89,559kg(9.91kg/100hooks) and 66,758kg(7.38kg/100hooks), respectively. Most Patagonian toothfishes were caught on the $46-48^{\circ}S$, $6-11^{\circ}E$ of southeastern Atlantic Ocean. Patagonian toothfish comprised 67.01-92.49%(by weight) of the catches in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean. No Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) was caught during the surveys. Patagonian toothfish was found throughout the experimental area, but the density was considerably greater in the layer of 1,300-1,900m, where 49.88% of the fishes were caught. Smaller fishes were generally distributed to the shallow waters and larger fish were more frequently caught with the depth. Mean size of Patagonian toothfish increased with depth of capture. Accordingly economically profitable fishing activities for the Patagonian toothfish fishery requires an understanding of the size distribution of the Patagonian toothfish by depth.