• Korean Journal of Korean Medical Institute of Dermatology and Aesthetics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.158-175
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• 2005

The research and development of oriental cosmetics should be the national strategic industry because the oriental cosmetics have competitive power. To activate the industry of oriental cosmetics the support of government is needed. The governments should know the value of oriental cosmetic industry and invest the research and development. The prolonged investment on research and marketing of company and support of government will make the oriental cosmetics progress.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2011

This study represents construction progress management model based on quality inspection process in addition to cost-schedule integration. Quality inspection process cycle, resource estimate as progress measurement parameter, hierarchical structure of schedule, and inspection lots linking quality inspection to resource estimate are addressed as four main information areas. The authors established several process models to give a structure and correlations among information elements on each of these areas. Applying the process models proposed, an information system was implemented and utilized for nuclear power plant construction. It reveals that the system achieves accurate and objective progress information in near real time with significantly reduced time and effort as well as administrative efficiencies from making quality inspection process online.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.54-61
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• 2016

The initial planned annual cost is frequently adjusted under the construction process in construction projects. If the annual cost is reduced than the initial planned cost, the number of possible activities is also reduced from initial planned progress schedule. In such cases, project manager need to replan the progress schedule with possible activities within changed annual cost. However, most project manager will proceed as planned schedule without any change. After the project cost has been exhausted, there are many cases to stop the operation of the construction site. This study developed active 5D CAD system that can replan the progress schedule within changed annual cost and simulate the cost status according to the changed schedule for cost visualization. This system can be used as a decision-making tool in the replaning progress schedule and will be able to increase the practical usability of 5D CAD system.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.415-427
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• 1996

As a part of host factors of dental caries, saliva has been well known for its important role in relation to dental caries. The studies on its physical and chemical characteristics on development and progress of dental caries has been conducted. Recently, various comparisons between saliva of caries-susceptable individuals and caries-free individuals has been done and the efforts to understand the mechanisms of salivary intervention of development and progress of dental caries is actively in progress. In this study, 15 children with rampant dental caries and 15 caries free children without any systemic diseases from the ages of 2 to 5 were chosen for the experiment and the whole saliva and parotid saliva from each individuals were collected and protein compositions were compared using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). As results of this study, in parotid saliva, there was no difference in protein compositions between the rampant dental caries and the caries free children. While electrophoresis was done with the whole saliva, protein with 120 KDa was found in children with rampant dental caries. However, this protein was not found or unclear, if any for the caries free group. (Exceptionally, clear protein band was present for one person.) Protein compositions of whole saliva of rampant dental caries group was compared before and after the caries control and thick and clear protein bands of about 120 KDa were found in both cases. Protein compostions of caries free children and adults were identical. Quantitative analysis of protein was done for the rampant dental caries group and the control group and no significant difference was found. Taken all together, protein with molecular weight of 120 KDa, found in rampant dental caries group, was still present when the treatment for the dental caries was done so it can be assumed that this protein has no interrelation with the presence of active carious lesions during saliva collecting. It can also be presumed that this specific salivary protein with the molecular weight of 120 KDa found in rampant dental caries group has effect on development and progress of dental caries. Identification on this protein with the molecular-weight of 120 KDa and the role of this protein against dental caries remain to be solved.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

With the increasing advances in Brassicaceae genetics and genomics, considerable progress has been made in the transformation of Brassicaceae. Transformation technologies are now being exploited routinely to determine the gene function and contribute to the development of novel enhanced crops. $Agrobacterium$-mediated transformation remains the most widely used approach for the introduction of transgenes into Brassicaceae. In $Brassica$, the transformation relies mainly on $in$ $vitro$ transformation methods. Nevertheless, despite the significant progress made towards enhancing the transformation efficiencies, some genotypes remain recalcitrant to transformation. Advances in our understanding of the genetics behind various transformations have enabled researchers to identify more readily transformable genotypes for use in routine high-throughput systems. These developments have opened up exciting new avenues to exploit model $Brassica$ genotypes as resources for understanding the gene function in complex genomes. Although many other Brassicaceae have served as model species for improving plant transformation systems, this paper summarizes on the recent technologies employed in the transformation of both $Arabidopsis$ and $Brassica$. The use of transformation technologies for the introduction of desirable traits and a comparative analysis of these as well as their future prospects are also important parts of the current research that is reviewed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2010

In the construction phase, the existing schedule management system by 4D CAD has been difficult to check for a status and progress of construction product in real-time because it simulates only VR (virtual reality) object based on a planned schedule. This study suggests a construction schedule management system by telepresence technique that can visualize progress status in real-time by using 4D CAD system based on remote monitoring. The telepresence methodology and system were developed in the study and they were verified for a railway construction project. The developed system can examine the status and progress of construction because it can compare 4D simulation based on planned schedule with real-time site images through web-camera.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

Objectives: FCTC is the first international convention in public health field. Global progress report is about the implementations of the FCTC that are conducted with comparison and analysis for recent trend of tobacco control policies and convention performances on the global level. Methods: By conducting literature review related to tobacco control, expecially through reviewing Implementation of the WHO FCTC GPR(2014), this report compared and analyzed Korea's status of tobacco control based on tobacco control policy in every member state. Results: As a result of the comparison of FCTC to Korea's tobacco control policy, for the first, the most outstanding article that has been peformed continuously is Article 8, 12, 14. Secondly, the policy that has been partially renovated and reinforced is Article 6, 9, 10, 11, and for the last, the policy that has no progress and needs improvement is Article 13. Conclusions: For improvement in Korea's tobacco control policy in the future, first, betterment in policies on categories about advertisements, promotions, sponsorships on tobacco products that passed FCTC commitment period is required along with the modifications of FCTC related laws and reinforcement of the policies, and development of national core competence for an effective implementation of the convention.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.79-87
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to develop accident scenario models for the risk assessment of railway casualty accidents. To develop these scenario models, hazardous events and hazardous factors were identified by gathering various accident reports and information. Then, the accident scenario models were built up. Each accident scenario model consists of an occurrence scenario model and a progress scenario model. The occurrence scenario refers to the occurrence process of the event before the hazardous event. The progress scenario means the progress process of the event after the hazardous event. To manage a large amount of accident/incident data and scenarios, a railway accident analysis information system was developed using railway accident scenario models. To test the feasibility of the developed scenario models, more than 800 domestic railway casualty accidents that occurred in 2004 and 2005 were investigated and quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed using the developed information system.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.167-179
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• 1999

The aim of this study is to improve the basic learning ability of those who make poor progress in mathematics and to keep positive and active learning attitudes in class afterward by using problems whith both make them advance their basic learning ability and supplement lack of previous learning in class or after school. supplementary problems were developed by focusing the ability of basic calculation, the comprehension of concepts, principles, and rules by analyzing necessary contents precisely each domain after itemizing learning contents each unit. the results of the study are this: 1) The students who solved the problems, that were developed to improve the basic learning ability and to supplement the earlier learning during their classes or giving homework, made significant progress in their scholastic achievement; more than those who were not involved. 2) Meaningful changes were demonstrated in the motivation for achievement among the domains of learning attitudes before and after the experiment but, not in their interest, the consciousness of purpose, attention, voluntary and efficient learning as shown in their learning habits. In this study, therefore, the problems which were developed to improve the basic learning ability and to supplement the earlier learning by focusing on the competence for basic calculation, and the comprehension of concepts, principles and rules were effective positively only in the area of motivation for achievement. there were no meaningful differences in the other domains.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2013

Auxin is a key plant hormone which regulates overall plant growth development. A number of researches to investigate auxin signaling identified three major classes of early auxin response genes: AUX/IAA, GH3 and SMALL AUXIN UP RNA (SAUR). Among these genes, in planta functions of SAUR gene family are largely ambiguous, while both AUX/IAA and GH3 genes are analyzed to mediate negative feedback on auxin response. SAUR genes encode small plant-specific proteins. SAUR gene products are highly unstable and transiently expressed in the tissue- and developmental-specific manners in response to auxin and various environmental stimuli. In the decades, molecular and genetic approaches to elucidate in planta functions of SAURs have been hampered by several factors such as the unstable molecular features and functional redundancy among them. However, a series of recent studies focusing on several subgroups of SAUR gene family made significant progress in our understanding of its biochemical and physiological functions. These works suggest that many SAUR proteins mainly regulate auxin-related cell expansion and auxin transport. In this review, the recent progress in SAUR research and prospects for crop improvement through its genetic manipulation are discussed.