• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.213-226
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• 2017

The behavior of building industry metal sheeting under shear forces has been extensively studied and equations have been developed to predict its shear stiffness. Building design engineers can make use of these equations to design a metal deck form bracing system. Bridge metal deck forms differ from building industry forms by both shape and connection detail. These two factors have implications for using these equations to predict the shear stiffness of deck form systems used in the bridge industry. The conventional eccentric connection of bridge metal deck forms reduces their shear stiffness dramatically. However, recent studies have shown that a simple modification to the connection detail can significantly increase the shear stiffness of bridge metal deck form panels. To the best of the author's knowledge currently there is not a design aid that can be used by bridge engineers to estimate the stiffness of bridge metal deck forms. Therefore, bridge engineers rely on previous test results to predict the stiffness of bridge metal deck forms in bracing applications. In an effort to provide a design aid for bridge design engineers to rely on bridge metal deck forms as a bracing source during construction, cantilever shear frame test results of bridge metal deck forms with and without edge stiffened panels have been compared with the SDI Diaphragm Design Manual and ECCS Diaphragm Stressed Skin Design Manual stiffness expressions used for building industry deck forms. The bridge metal deck form systems utilized in the tests consisted of sheets with thicknesses of 0.75 mm to 1.90 mm, heights of 50 mm to 75 mm and lengths of up to 2.7 m; which are representative of bridge metal deck forms frequently employed in steel bridge constructions. The results indicate that expressions provided in these manuals to predict the shear stiffness of building metal deck form panels can be used to estimate the shear stiffness of bridge metal deck form bracing systems with certain limitations. The SDI Diaphragm Design Manual expressions result in reasonable estimates for sheet thicknesses of 0.75 mm, 0.91 mm, and 1.21 mm and underestimate the shear stiffness of 1.52 and 1.90 mm thick bridge metal deck forms. Whereas, the ECCS Diaphragm Stressed Skin Design Manual expressions significantly underestimate the shear stiffness of bridge metal deck form systems for above mentioned deck thicknesses.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2005

This study was performed to analysis the operation process when fabric pattern design was done by the use of CAD system compared with the manual work in order to determine the operation efficiency with the application of fabric design CAD system. The results of the study were as follows: 1. since 160,000 colors were supported by CAD system, color proposed by consumer was able to match exactly according to the its design. However, exact color matching was not possible by manual work. 2. Woven state of back of pattern design could be identified simultaneously with face of it for CAD system, while face and back of the fabrics should be designed separatedly in case of manual work. 3. Since the combination of warp and filling yarn was compatible with the fabric density in one repeat unit in CAD system, exact size of pattern design to be woven was able to expressed. 4. Only simple graphical expression by manual work was seen, while with the CAD system, texture and shade effect as well as graphical expression could be expressed and so fault could be reduced in advance with the simulation of actual feeling of fabrics in the screen. In conclusion, when CAD system will be introduced to the textile industry, operation time of designing pattern can be reduced. Since the operation is easy and simple, a beginner can operate CAD system easily. Thus, production and wage costs can be saved and this can be related directly with the improvement of productivity which is the main purpose of introducing CAD system.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.141-144
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• 1996

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2022

Background: The legal and academic definitions of manual therapy in domestic and foreign countries are reviewed, and problems and improvement plan of manual therapy are established through comparative analysis of the current status and system of manual therapy in Korea and abroad. Design: Review. Methods: In this study, the development direction of manual therapy in Korea was derived by analyzing the definition, application status, and service system of domestic and foreign manual therapy. Results: Firstly, it lays the foundation for a more comprehensive national health promotion by solving problems arising from the current unclear definition of manual therapy. Secondly, the subject of manual therapy is a physiotherapist but the subject of claiming non-benefit costs is a doctor, moreover illegal manual therapy by an unqualified or non-professional who is not a physiotherapist is being carried out in the medical field. Thirdly, in order to provide quality physiotherapy services (manual therapy) under a cooperative relationship between medical staff and physiotherapists, it is appropriate that physiotherapist have a clear "prescription" or "request" by a doctor. Fourth, there is no provision for the preparation of medical records in the current Medical Technicians Act, and this causes safety accidents of patients during manual treatment. Conclusion: As described above, the current manual therapy in Korea is being performed indiscriminately without a clear interpretation, resulting in various problems. I think it is necessary to lay the foundation for institutional and legal re-establishment of manual therapy through additional research on manual therapy in the future.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2002

최근 모바일 휴대폰을 이용한 서비스 종류는 기하급수적으로 증가하고 있다. 또한 잦은 휴대폰 기기의 교체와 통신 서비스 회선의 변경으로 인하여 사용자들은 그 어느 때보다도 모바일 서비스 이용에 어려움을 겪고 있다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 정작 도움을 주어야 하는 매뉴얼은 휴대폰 사용 상황의 특성상 큰 도움을 주지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 모바일 휴대폰에는 1) 휴대폰 기기 자체기능, 2) 인터넷 서비스 기능, 및 3) 통신회선 자체 서비스 기능 등이 혼재되어 있고, 주로 이동 중에 사용되므로, 매뉴얼 이용 공간과 사용자 기능습득의 공간이 일치하기 힘들다는 점이 두드러진다. 따라서 바람직한 모바일 휴대폰의 사용자 매뉴얼은 모바일 휴대폰 시스템 자체 내에서 포괄적으로 포함하는 것이 바람직한 모델이다. 본 연구는 이러한 시스템 자체 내에서 활용될 수 있는 사용자 매뉴얼의 가능성에 주목하고, 1) 전자 매뉴얼의 정보 표현 방식과 그에 대한 사용자의 반응을 조사하고, 2) 사용자의 정보습득 패턴을 분석하여 3) 시각적 단서(Visual Cue)의 제공이 사용자 매뉴얼 사용의 편의성을 향상시킴을 발견하여 이를 모바일 핸드폰에 활용하기 위한 가이드라인을 개발함을 그 목적으로 하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.472-474
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• 1999

The design procedure originally proposed by Manabe is involved, because experiences and manual skills are necessary, especially, in the case of designing low fixed-order controllers for high-order plants, and the concept of manual skills are not clearly defined. So we propose a concept and a design procedure of Approximate Pole Placement that substitute for the manual skills. And the validity of the procedure is shown by example problems. Moreover, we also propose a procedure of adding the role of improving transient response performance to the feedforward compensator that previously has only the role of tracking in steady-state the validity of the procedure is also shown by example problems.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.457-467
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• 2015

The demand for coverall-type protective clothing are increasing in many industrial fields; however, it is impossible to evaluate the wearers' apparel fit because there is no commercialized pattern in the market. This study produces a manual for the process of acquiring patterns by separating PPE products into pieces to provide information on acquiring patterns. The analysis was on coverall-type non woven protective clothing in the domestic market, and 4 panels examined the validity, reliability, and efficiency of various possible methods on each step of process. Five steps were conducted to acquire patterns removing wrinkles, marking seams lines, separating seams, and pattern completing. The process of converting these into pattern files was designed through three procedures of digitizing, editing, and exporting and detailed stages. Fitting tests were undertaken, real patterns by actual modeling and pattern files by virtual modeling; all showed similar forms with outfits wearing ready-made protective coveralls. This study sought the most efficient and objective method of virtual modeling and proposed it as a manual. It is expected for the pattern reverse-designing manual through products analysis presented in this study that would be a helpful addition of information to the pattern tracing of pattern-less clothing products.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2017

This study was aimed to assess accessibility situation of pedestrian environment of University-C focusing on accessibility of manual wheelchair users and to develop accessibility campus map. During March and April 2016, barrierfree design application situation of pedestrian environment and building entrances were investigated using a structured checklist and a digital distance and slope meter. Major findings are as follow. (1) Except one case, widths of all pedestrian routes (both sidewalk and non-sidewalk routes) exceeded 2 meters. (2) As for sidewalk and driveway contact point condition, there were many spots lacking curb ramp or alterative ramp that are accessible for manual wheelchair users. (3) More than half of non-sidewalk pedestrian routes did not have bollard to separate pedestrian and vehicle flows, and more than 92% of the bollards installed were too close for wheelchair users to pass or too far to prevent vehicle access. (4) More than 59 percent of the building entrances were found impossible for manual wheelchair users to access without any assistance, and one third of the buildings did not have any single accessible entrance. Based on the study findings, campus accessibility map was developed by the researchers and disseminated through university homepage. Using the campus accessibility map, users can plan their accessible paths ahead the trip.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2004년도 제5회 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.358-361
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• 2004

전자매뉴얼 (IETM)은 시방서와 같은 기술지침서를 단순히 온라인체계로 만드는데 그치지 않고, 시공공법 등의 기술적 정보들을 시각적 정보로 실시간 제공해 주는 시스템이다. IETM을 사용하면 이러한 시각적 정보는 현장실무진들에게 실시간으로 전달될 수 있다. 또한 설계단계의 설계기준 외에 공법 이 적용되는 현장상황 및 공사관련 이력정보들을 실시간으로 현장에서 이용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 건설공사의 설계 및 시공단계에 적용 가능한 전자매뉴얼 구성을 위한 개발 방법론을 구성하여 제안하고, 가상적 활용상황을 설정하여 제안된 설계정보 IETM의 활용성을 검토하였다.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2021

Objectives To investigate the effectiveness of manual therapy for neck pain caused by traffic accidents. Methods We searched six electronic databases (OASIS, KISS, RISS, NDSL, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library) to gather randomized controlled trials using the keywords 'manual theray OR chuna OR tuina' and 'whiplash injury OR neck sprain'. Results Eight RCTs were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Four studies were meta-analyses. The systematic review found a positive effect of manual therapy for whiplash injury. All studies showed a high risk of performance bias. Conclusions The systematic review reported favorable results using manual therapy for neck pain caused by traffic accidents. However, this study has several limitations owing to the high risk of bias. Further clinical studies and the development of a study design are required for stronger evidence.