• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.13-23
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• 2018

"Special Act on the Rocal Collaborative Development", proposed by Seoul in late 2015, aims to promote win-win cooperation between local economic players and the development of local communities. However, since it is not possible to ensure its effectiveness by signing a local collaborative agreement, the rights and duties granted to the Parties to the Convention shall be more clearly defined. In addition, it is feared that the application of a uniform standard to businesses that wish to restrict the operation within the local collaborative development zone could prevent the operation restriction based on local characteristics. Accordingly, based on the FBR system in the U.S., it is possible to define the business as a "uniform store" and to determine the possibility of a uniform store to be sold through zoning plans in the region by the Local Collaborative Community Council.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.559-571
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• 2020

This study aimed to inspect the axial compression mechanical performance of basalt-fiber-reinforced recycled - concrete (BFRRC)-filled square steel tubular stub column. The replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) and the basalt fiber (BF) dosage were used as variation parameters, and the axial compression performance tests of 15 BFRRC-filled square steel tubular stub column specimens were conducted. The failure mode and the load-displacement/strain curve of the specimen were measured. The working process of the BFRRC-filled square steel tubular stub column was divided into three stages, namely, elastic-elastoplasticity, sudden drawdown, and plasticity. The influence of the design parameters on the peak bearing capacity, energy dissipation performance, and other axial compression performance indexes was discussed. A mathematical model of segmental stiffness degradation was proposed on the basis of the degradation law of combined secant-stiffness under axial compression. The full-process curve equation of axial compressive stress-strain was proposed by introducing the influencing factors, including the RCA replacement ratio and the BF dosage, and the calculated curve agreed well with the test-measured curve.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1257-1266
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• 2021

The study examines factors that influence shopping intention of online consumers in Vietnam. Studied factors include consumers' attitude, subjective norms, perception of behavioral control, perception of usefulness, perceived risks and trust. The expansion of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) are used as basic theories. We have surveyed people who have experiences on online shopping. There are 836 selected questionnaires that are qualified for data processing. The collected data are analyzed through a process which starts from scale reliability test to exploratory factor analysis (EFA), correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results show that shopping intention of online consumers are positively affected by their attitude, subjective norms, perception of behavioral control, perception of usefulness and trust. In contrast, online shopping intention is negatively affected by the perceived risks that online shopping could bring. Among those factors, the perception of risk is shown to have the strongest influence to online shopping intention. The findings of this study suggest that managers and retailers can apply cash-on-delivery method and design their website with user-friendly interface to enhance online shopping intention of consumers. The Government is also recommended to fulfill the law system to reduce customers' perception of financial risks.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.73-84
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• 2020

Existing studies disagree over the core predictors of firm-level financial choices in developing countries. The general practice only validates the traditional capital structure model, which leads to inconsistency and a lack of novelty. This study removed overfitting issues among existing factors and presented the most reliable and advanced capital structure model in Pakistani firms. The panel data include 368 Pakistani companies from 19 non-financial sectors over the period 2004 to 2017. We apply Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria to remove overfitting issues among inconsistent proxies in the capital structure model. The fixed effects regression is used for basic results and the Generalized Method of Moments is applied to control the endogeneity. Besides the conventional proxies, we report that credit rating, distance from bankruptcy, managerial concentration, and institutional quality are the most advanced capital structure determinants in Pakistan. These predictors remain significant across firm size and growth levels. Also, the findings confirm that new predictors are reliable to define capital structure dynamics and improve the speed of adjustment in overall and sub-sample analysis. The major findings suggest that managers and policymakers should consider these advanced predictors to design their financial settings in firms.

• Clean Technology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.279-285
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• 2020

Laboratories and industrial processes typically involve the use of flammable substances. An important property used to estimate fire and explosion risk for a flammable liquid is the flash point. In this study, flash point data at 101.3 kPa were determined using a SETA closed cup flash point tester on the following solvent mixtures: {2,2,4-trimethylpentane + methylcyclohexane}, {2,2,4-trimethylpentane + ethylbenzene}, and {2,2,4-trimethylpentane + p-xylene}. The purpose of this work is to obtain flash point data for binary mixtures of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane with three hydrocarbons (methylcyclohexane, ethylbenzene, and p-xylene), which are representative compounds of the main aromatic hydrocarbon fractions of petroleum. The measured flash points are compared with the predicted values calculated using the GE models' activity coefficient patterns: the Wilson, the Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL), and the UNIversal QUAsiChemical (UNIQUAC) models. The non-ideality of the mixture is also considered. The average absolute deviation between the predicted and measured lower flash point s is less than 1.99 K, except when Raoult's law is calculated. In addition, the minimum flash point behavior is not observed in any of the three binary systems. This work's predicted results can be applied to design safe petrochemical processes, such as identifying safe storage conditions for non-ideal solutions containing volatile components.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.93-115
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• 2021

Various policy declarations and institutional experiments involving artificial intelligence are being made in most countries. Depending on how the artificial intelligence policy changes, the role of the government, the scope of the policy, and the policy means used may vary, which can lead to the success or failure of the policy. This study proposed a perspective on AI(Artificial Intelligence) in policy research, investigated the theory of path change, and derived the characteristics of path change in AI policy. Since AI policy is related to a wide range of policy areas and the policy making is at the start points, this study is based on the neo-institutional path theory about the types of institutional changes. As a result of this study, AI policy showed the characteristics of path creation, and in detail presented the conflict relationship between institutional design elements, the scalability of policy areas, policy stratification and policy mix, the top policy characteristics transcending the law, and the experiment for regulatory innovation. Since AI can also be used as a key tool for policy innovation in the future, research on the path and characteristics of AI policy will provide a new direction and approach to government policy or institutional innovation seeking digital transformation.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.545-557
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• 2021

Since the functionally graded materials (FGMs) are used extensively as thermal barriers in many of applications. Therefore, the current article focuses on studying and presenting dynamic responses of multilayer functionally graded (FG) deep beams placed in a thermal environment that is not addressed elsewhere. The material properties of each layer are proposed to be temperature-dependent and vary continuously through the height direction based on the Power-Law function. The deep layered beam is exposed to harmonic sinusoidal load and temperature rising. In the modelling of the multilayered FG deep beam, the two-dimensional (2D) plane stress continuum model is used. Equations of motion of deep composite beam with the associated boundary conditions are presented. In the frame of finite element method (FEM), the 2D twelve-node plane element is exploited to discretize the space domain through the length-thickness plane of the beam. In the solution of the dynamic problem, Newmark average acceleration method is used to solve the time domain incrementally. The developed procedure is verified and compared, and an excellent agreement is observed. In numerical examples, effects of graduation parameter, geometrical dimension and stacking sequence of layers on the time response of deep multilayer FG beams are investigated with temperature effects.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 2019

Korean dental hygienists perform more tasks in dental clinics than are described in the law. The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual work of Korean dental hygienists in dental clinics using an observational study design. Two dental hygienists observed and recorded the work performed in 1 day from the time of commencement to the time of leaving work by 18 dental hygienists working in the dental clinic in a single area. Data management, prevention of infection, counseling, calculus removal, radiography, assistance of fixed orthodontic treatment, assistance of fixed prosthetic treatment, and preparation for implant surgery were recorded. Among the tasks that take more than 1 min, the most time-consuming tasks were document management, infection control, consultation, calculus removal, preparation for implant surgery, assistance of orthodontic treatment, and assistance of fixed prosthetic treatment. Korean dental hygienists are performing various tasks, such as infection control, dental hospital/clinic management, oral disease prevention, and dental treatment assistants.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.794-803
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• 2021

The instantaneous acceleration affects the performance of the water-jet pump obviously. Here, based on the user-defined function, the method to simulate the inner flow in water-jet pumps under acceleration conditions was established. The effects of two different acceleration modes (linear acceleration and exponential acceleration) and three kinds of different acceleration time (0.5s, 1s and 2s) on the performance of the water-jet pump were analyzed. The results show that the thrust and the pressure pulsation under exponential acceleration are lower than that under linear acceleration at the same time; the vapor volume fraction in the impeller under linear acceleration is 27.3% higher than that under exponential acceleration. As the acceleration time increases, the thrust gradually increases and the pressure pulsation amplitude at the impeller inlet and outlet gradually decreases, while the law of pressure pulsation is the opposite at the diffuser outlet. The main frequency of pressure pulsation at the impeller outlet is different under different acceleration time. The research results can provide some reference for the optimal design of water-jet pumps.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.376-384
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• 2021

This study wants to provide basic data on effective escape safety plans when residents of apartment complex use residential convenience facilities. The findings of the analysis are as follows. First, when this study applied the actual number of users (No=54) of those facilities, the existence of elevator for escape reduced the escape time by 189.0 seconds. Second, when the number of users was calculated on the standard of the number of people who can be accommodated for performance based design (No=316), the existence of the elevator for escape reduced the escape time by 173.5 seconds. Finally, when the number of users was calculated on the standard of installing fire-fighting facilities (No=122), the existence of the elevator for escape reduced the escape time by 159.2 seconds. As a result, it was found that elevator for escape reduces the escape time from fire. Accordingly, it is necessary to revise the construction law to make it obligatory for residential convenience facilities to be equipped with elevator for escape. Currently, apartment buildings lower than 30 stories have either elevator for passengers or elevator for escape. Thus, in future studies, it is necessary to compare escape times in fire depending on the kinds of elevator, and identify the usefulness of elevator for escape.