• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2019

Purpose - Unlike in the past, individualistic thought is more dominant than groupism where members prioritize organizations. Such changes run counter to the direction of the survival of the companies, which calls for companies to explore strategies to address thems. As one of the solutions, many people highlights social capital. However, since most studies have been conducted on the definition and characteristics of social capital, there is not enough prior factor research on the formation of social capital. So the current situation require researches on the formation of social capital. Research design, data, and methodology - To achieve the purpose, the literature and the empirical studies were combined. Deriving workplace democracy and servant leadership as factors affecting the formation of social capital through the literature, and this factors have modeled assumptions about the impact on social capital, and have established hypotheses to verify them. The survey which is conducted to verify the hypothesis and questionnaires are derived base on the variables used in the previous studies. The survey was conducted 447 respondents in Korea. Results - As a result, we found that the workplace democracy is positively functioning with the formation of social capital. It means that the democracy functions as a universal element to enhance the quality of social capital at the workplace. The evidence also shows that the positive impacts of the servant leadership on the formation of social capital. And the survey shows that groups with high level servant leadership had a higher impact on the formation of social capital than those with low levels leadership. Conclusions - At present, the social capital has become an important factor for the companies pursuing high performance workplaces. We found that the workplace democracy and the servant leadership affect the formation of social capital. It means that to increase the employees' sense of community and solidarity, it is need to form democratic environment with the servant leadership. Therefore, based on the results of this study, the workplace democracy and the servant leadership can present strategic implications that can increase the social capital.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

Purpose - This study aims to examine whether key differences in characteristics of unions have significant implications for absenteeism. To uncover what characteristics of union made workers make decisions to be absent, this study used such key dimensions of unionism as democracy, cooperative strategy of a union, and d density rate. Research design and methodology - The research model of this study is that absenteeism has positive relations with union's democracy and density. But it has negative relations with union cooperative strategy. This study was conducted by survey method on 333local unionized business entities of metal industry in South Korea. Results - The result shows that significant and positive relationship between unions with high density rates, democracy and absenteeism which is in line with the argument of the previous studies. Different from the expectation, the hypotheses 2, it has been shown that there is positive relation between cooperative strategy of union and the decision of workers to be absent. Conclusions - Employers with unions with high density rates could not fully exercise disciplinary power against those workers absent at workplace since a strong union shields them effectively from punishments by employers.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2003

With more and more people paying attention to substantial democracy, participatory democracy is presented as a practical strategy and an index of Korean democracy. In this social and political atmosphere, participation in environmental planning and design is essential. Nonetheless, the true meaning of “participation” is not used properly because many people do not understand it correctly, The concept of social and political participation is “the action or attempt of ordinary members of society for affecting on the result of decision making.” Based on this concept, participation is accomplished through conventional means and as a form of mobilization in environmental planning and desist Most of the theories on public participation in landscape architecture are technical theories. Therefore, this paper proposes that planning and design of landscape architecture be understood as a communicative action that aims to enable stakeholders to reach a consensus through communication. This study offers the framework of theory to understand and practice planning and design of landscape architecture as a communicative action, after reviewing communicative action theory and communicative planning theory. Results suggest that communicative action theory should be accepted in landscape architecture to overcome the shortcomings of instrumental rationality -- the same way planning theory accepted this theory --and to join the culture of experts focusing on the artistic truth and the culture of life of the world. In addition, accepting communicative action theory enables the acquisition of the instrumental effect and social learning effect and the making of social capital. This study also suggested prerequisite for using the method. There should be change in the social institution and in individual action. In addition the method is composed of three steps: creating the atmosphere for communication; communicating, and; reaching a consensus among stakeholders. Finally, raising the possibility of applying the theory presented in this study requires the accumulation of know-how through trial and error.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2015

대부분의 근대예술영역에서 시도된 자본주의적 저항운동은 예술과 기술의 융합, 즉 상징적 경계의 새로운 형성을 통해 진행되었다. 러스킨과 모리스로 대표되는 이러한 저항운동은 수공예 장인의 부활을 통한 장인적 예술의 복원이 목표였지만 결과적으로 예술의 계급화를 초래하게 되었고 자율적인 노동을 배제하게 되는 탈장인적인 예술이 되었다. 이에 본 연구는 장인적 노동의 복원을 위한 노력으로서 유일하게 기계제대공업이 가져온 조건을 적극 활용하는, 즉 '기술과 예술 그리고 기계와 산업의 융합'을 통해 상징적 경계의 해체와 새로운 융합을 시도하였던 바우하우스에 주목하여 그것의 '행위자들actors'을 중점적으로 살펴보고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 16세기 르네상스 예술부흥운동, 19세기 미술공예운동, 그리고 바우하우스의 예술적 사조가 역사적으로 연계되어 있다는 것을 전제로 <생산으로서의 장인적 예술, 예술소비로서의 민중의 권리, 표현방식으로서의 근대기술>의 교량역할을 수행했던 바우하우스 실천가들과 그들 사이의 협력과 갈등에 대한 고찰을 통해 바우하우스가 디자인 민주주의 이념을 구현하려 하였다는 점을 주장하고 있다. 더 나아가 현대 메타기술의 시대가 디자인과 기술의 융합을 통한 민주주의로의 이행을 추동하고 있어 바우하우스의 '협력과 갈등'그리고 '위기와 해체'로부터 반면교사해야 함을 보여주고 있다.

• 이베로아메리카
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.99-122
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• 2020

The design and implementation of the so-called Mexican Fourth Transformation(Cuarta Transformacion, 4T), as an alternative form of government, faces daily the attack and violence of conservatism through a permanent campaign that seeks to instill fear in society, based on a web of lies that tries to create the image of a situation of political ungovernance in the public opinion. This work is a documentary analysis that accounts for the types of harassment of the conservative elite against the 4T; the objective is to show the forms of violence that threaten democracy. In conclusion, this study attempts to argue that the violence that conservative neoliberals caused against the 4T has its origin in that they feel threatened, because the reform policy of AMLO goes against their class interests.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.94-104
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• 2005

This paper presents a streetscape design for the 'Gaeksa-gil', located in Gosa-dong and Jungang-dong, Jeonju City, which length is about 830m and width is about $8\sim10m$. The goals of the design are to make a street on which people want to walk and rest both safely and pleasantly. To achieve these goals; concepts of identity, history, placeness, commercial vitality, environmentally-friendliness, safety, amenity , and democracy have been developed. For the pedestrian safety; shared street concepts, such as crank, salalom, fort, mini-rotary etc. are adopted. For design method, community participatory design is adapted. For the design theme; the axes of Time and Space are developed and streets are divided into 3 thematic spaces, such as 'History Street,' 'Nature Street,' and 'Culture Street.' The History Street, which belongs to Time axis, is a space for experiencing past, present, and future history of Jeonju city. Nature Street, which belongs to Space axis, is a space for feeling and loaming the nature of the city. The Culture Street, which also belongs to Space axis, is a space for experiencing the culture of the city. The community participated in the whole design process through the workshop, the internet website, the street events, etc.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.373-393
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• 2015

본 연구는 향후 있을 누리과정 개편에 앞서 자칫 재현될 수 있는 문제점을 사전에 방지하기 위한 선례분석으로서 1960년 대 이후 핀란드 교육과정개편의 역사와 절차를 살펴보고 거기에서 교훈을 얻고자 하였다. 이를 위해 핀란드 국가교육위원회(Finnish National Board of Education)가 제공한 자료를 중심으로 문헌연구를 실시하였다. 먼저 핀란드 교육과정 개편의 역사를 고찰하기에 앞서 심층적 이해를 돕기 위해 핀란드 교육체제 개혁의 역사를 10년 주기로 살펴보았다. 이어서 1968년 이후 진행된 핀란드 교육과정 개편의 흐름에 대해 알아보았다. 마지막으로 2012년부터 시작된 "2012-2016/7 핀란드 교육과정 개편"을 기간, 참여대상, 절차를 중심으로 살펴보았다. 연구결과에 따르면 핀란드 교육과정 개편은 오랜 숙고기간, 아래에서 위로의, 모든 과정이 공개된 것을 특징으로 하였다. 핀란드 교육과정 개편은 다름 아닌 민주주의 실현의 장으로서 전 국민이 참여하는 국가적 이벤트로서 오랫동안 자리매김을 해오고 있었다. 이 글은 정책적 특성만이 아니라 교육적 특성이 균형감 있게 공존할 수 있는 누리과정의 개편에서 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.35-59
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• 2009

이 연구는 사회성원들의 사회정책 선호와 그러한 선호 표출의 제도적 장치인 정치제도에 따라 사회정책이 결정됨을 이론모형으로 제시하려 했다. 우선, 직접 민주주의 정치체제에서는 중위투표자의 사회정책 선호가 집합적 선택의 결과가 된다. 따라서 사회성원들의 사회정책 선호가 사회정책의 결정을 설명하는 핵심적 변수이다. 하지만 현실에서 사회정책의 결정은 직접 민주주의 방식으로 이루어지지 않는다. 이 연구에서는 사회정책에 대한 집합적 선택의 기제인 정치제도를 선거경쟁의 제도화 여부와 선거규칙의 특성에 따라 세 가지로 유형화하였다. 그를 통해 사회성원들의 선호가 동일하다고 할지라도 사회정책에 대한 집합적 선택의 기제인 정치제도에 따라 집합적으로 결정되는 사회정책의 수준은 상이하다는 점을 보이고자 했다. 결론적으로 이 글에서 제시한 이론모형은 현실에 존재하는 다양한 복지체제들이 사회성원들의 선호를 제약하는 제도적 조건들, 그에 따라 나타나는 사회성원들의 사회정책 선호, 그리고 사회성원들의 사회정책 선호를 집합적으로 모으는 정치제도의 차이에 의해 만들어진다는 점을 강조한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2000

Although Frank Lloyd Wright represents himself as one of the greatest American master architect, the master architects contribution towards the advancement in the modern history of architecture goes beyond just creating landmark buildings. Through out his life, he was the leading architect not only in the area or architectural design but showed his talent in interior architecture, furniture, fabric, lighting fixture, art glasses, tablewares, silver wares as well as in graphic design which should cover all the elements related to the "total design" in architecture. As seen in his architectural design, the "total design" concept also reflects both beauty and logic of the nature and strengthens his theory of the organic architecture design. The research began with finding out the relationship between his architecture, nature and the supporting design elements mentioned above. the purpose of the research is to analyze the relationship of the spatial organization and the design elements in Frank Lloyd Wrights architectural works from the point of "total design" view and provide the valuable guide line for the development of the modern interior design. His design theory, based on the fundamental ideas of the nature, his organic architecture design, and reference materials to support total design concept will be discussed on chapter 2. And on chapter 3, application of the total design in his actual project will be analyzed. The data and analyzation have been completed based on written references and actual visit to the project sites. Frank Lloyd Wright placed highest value on the human beings and enjoyed presenting new ideas and forms to create better environment for the humans through his architecture and interior design projects. While he was presenting new ideas he continued to support design for democracy which has close relationship to the new frontier spirit of America. He was the master architect for the general society with accurate understanding of the life style of the public with design sensitivity shown in his concept of the total design.s concept of the total design.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제10호
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• pp.63-84
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• 2010

This essay examines how the figure of Liberty has been refashioned in the streets of post-apartheid South Africa, addressing three public art works installed in Johannesburg over the past decade: Reshada Crouse's oil painting Passive Resistance, Marlene Dumas' tapestry The Benefit of the Doubt and William Kentridge's and Gerhard Marx's sculpture Firewalker. Even as these monumental works all reprise Delacroix's Liberty on the Barricades-an icon of the city street and its revolutionary barricades-so too this trio of Liberties have become mere phantoms of their vaunted archetype. Haunted specters, they quarrel with the mythologized chimera of Liberty, taking issue with the fraught tradition of pinning regime change onto the body of the female nude. Drawing instead on South African histories of women's resistance, in which female nudity has been repeatedly marshaled as a form of dissent, the Liberties circling Johannesburg hybridize their European template with local traditions of female political opposition to colonial and postcolonial male authority.