• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2019

Thermal-hydraulic passive safety systems (PSSs) are incorporated into many advanced reactor designs on the bases of simplicity, economics and inherent safety nature. Several factors among which are the critical parameters (CPs) that influence failure and reliability of thermal-hydraulic (t-h) passive systems are now being explored. For simplicity, it is assumed in most reliability analyses that the CPs are independent whereas in practice this assumption is not always valid. There is need to critically examine the dependency influence of the CPs on reliability of the t-h passive systems at design stage and in operation to guarantee safety/better performance. In this paper, two multivariate analysis methods (covariance and conditional subjective probability density function) were presented and applied to a simple PSS. The methods followed a generalized procedure for evaluating t-h reliability based on dependency consideration. A passively water-cooled steam generator was used to demonstrate the dependency of the identified key CPs using the methods. The results obtained from the methods are in agreement and justified the need to consider the dependency of CPs in t-h reliability. For dependable t-h reliability, it is advisable to adopt all possible CPs and apply suitable multivariate method in dependency consideration of CPs among other factors.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.479-488
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to explore the personality and eating behavior among adult women. The subjects for the study were 237 adult women, who live in Seoul. The survey instruments were to develop for personality and eating behavior. Data were collected between November 6 and November 27 in 2000 and analyzed using the SPSS program. The result of this study are as fellows: 1. Six factors (perfection, emotion, autonomy, consideration for other, evaluate from other, dependency) emerged from personality, and these contributed 55.29% of the variance in the total score. 2. Three factors(craving, food intake according to emotion, eating habit) emerged from eating behavior, and these contributed 49.23% of the variance in the total score. 3 There were significant correlation between personality and eating behavior(r=.32, p=.00). 4. In the relationships between craving and personality, perfection, emotion, autonomy, consideration for other, evaluate from other, dependency showed a statistically significant correlation. 5. In the relationships between food intake according to emotion and personality, perfection, evaluate from other, dependency showed a statistically significant correlation. 6. In the relationships between eating habit and personality, perfection, autonomy, consideration for other, evaluate from other, dependency showed a statistically significant correlation. This study suggest that perfection, evaluation from other, dependency dimension of personality may be important factor for regulation of eating behavior.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.97-121
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• 2003

The reciprocal relationship between the interpersonal tie and the internet dependency is focused in the study. Mainly, chi-squire test and ANOVA are used in testing the hypothesized relationship of the internet dependency with the interpersonal tie before and after using internet. The strong relationship with the internet dependency is found in internet's both-directional communicating function such as chatting, game, gambling, etc. The level of internet dependency is high when individual's tie with friends, colleagues, or neighbors is strong; but it is lower when individual's emotional tie with family members is stronger. It is confirmed that excessive usage of internet damages family relationship. Conversely, it is also clear that the emotional support from family members is essential for preventing or enhancing internet dependency. This implies that internet dependency is not an individual problem, but that it should be treated under the consideration of his/her family system.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.393-404
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• 2014

With consideration of proximate and intricate relationships among rural livelihood, farm land and forestry; this paper examined impact of land tenure reform on local peoples' forest dependency by taking Ethiopia as case study. The post 1975 major land tenure reform and associated activities such as land distribution and forest demarcation were found to be short of minimizing pressure on the forest as has been evidenced by percentage of new households established inside the forest and current level of dependency on the forest. With most of recently established households all making up the poor and very poor categories, together with overall of household composition which is dominated by dependent members coupled by current land tenure system that tie farmers with their land, future dependency on the already diminished forest seems to increase unabated. Reconsidering the existing land tenure system backed by policy for livelihood diversification, improvement in rural education and awareness on demographic issues can minimize future dependency on the forest.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.763-767
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• 2002

This paper explores a structuring method for solid modeling processes of an automobile automatic transmission-lever design. The aim of this work is to establish standard procedures to minimize iterations and trial and errors during the product development process to increase development time and costs. The design of the transmission-lever is periodically required to be changed with the model change of an automobile. The transmission-lever design process has mainly depended on the designer's experience. It causes to make difficulties to handle the dependency of components. The design process can be improved by resolving the dependency problem using the DSM. The process of applying the DSM provides a systematic way for the solid modeling of transmission-lever by the consideration of geometry dependency.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.550-555
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• 2011

Utilizing construction knowledge and experiences in design phase can reduce change orders and improve productivity in construction phase. To do so, information must be made available to the design team in time. Current approaches for effective utilization of constructability knowledge, however, only focus on the formalization of constructability knowledge such as a checklist, which lacks the consideration of the appropriate use at the proper point in time. The inadequate use of constructability knowledge can result in unnecessary reworks. To deal with this problem, the design team needs to know what constructability knowledge is required for specific design activities in the design process. This paper presents a constructability implementation model using the dependency structure matrix (DSM) that focuses on information flows between design activities and constructability knowledge. For this objective, design activities in the design process are modeled in a matrix form based on their dependency. Then, constructability knowledge, which needs to be considered in the design stage, is mapped into activities and incorporated into the matrix, creating Constructability-DSM (C-DSM). Next, the partitioning algorithm is applied to C-DSM for optimal information flow. The Partitioned C-DSM is then analyzed based on the relationship between activities. Finally, the optimal utilization of construction knowledge in the design process is determined by identifying what constructability knowledge is required for each design activity, and how and when it is reflected to design for constructability. Thus, this research can help provide robust control actions to reduce unnecessary iterative cycles in design process for efficient constructability implementation.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제80권5호
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• pp.539-551
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• 2021

With the continuous increase of computational capacity, more and more complex nonlinear elastoplastic constitutive models were developed to study the mechanical behavior of elastoplastic materials. These constitutive models generally contain a large amount of physical and phenomenological parameters, which often require a large amount of computational costs to determine. In this paper, an inverse parameter determination method is proposed to identify the constitutive parameters of elastoplastic materials, with the consideration of both strain rate effect and temperature effect. To carry out an efficient design, a hybrid optimization algorithm that combines the genetic algorithm and the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm is proposed and developed. The proposed inverse method was employed to determine the parameters for an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model and Johnson-cook model, which demonstrates the capability of this method in considering strain rate and temperature effect, simultaneously. This hybrid optimization algorithm shows a better accuracy and efficiency than using a single algorithm. Finally, the predictability analysis using partial experimental data is completed to further demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.683-699
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• 2014

본 연구는 국내 중소기업을 대상으로 인터넷마케팅의 전략적 고려와 도입의도 형성에 관여하는 요인을 파악하기 위한 목적으로 진행되었다. 혁신확산이론과 선행연구에 대한 이론적 고찰을 통하여 변수의 선정을 거쳤으며, 각 변수의 영향력을 확인하기 위한 목적으로 실증적 분석을 실시하였다. 설문조사를 통해 최종적으로 135개 기업들의 자료가 확보되었고 이들 자료들이 실증분석에 사용되었다. 실증분석 결과 경쟁강도, 거래처의존도, 인터넷마케팅 지식수준, 인터넷마케팅 경험수준은 두 개의 종속변수인 인터넷마케팅 전략적 고려 및 도입의도에 모두 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 학습몰입은 인터넷마케팅 전략적 고려에만 부의 영향력을, 환경동태성은 인터넷마케팅 도입의도에만 부의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것이 확인되었다. 실증분석을 종합적으로 본 결과 현재의 중소기업들은 치열한 경쟁을 완화할 수 있는 수단으로 인터넷마케팅 도입을 고려하며, 인터넷마케팅의 지식이나 경험 수준 등이 중요한 영향요인으로 나타남으로서 사전적으로 그런 지식과 경험을 가진 기업들이 그 효과성에 대한 인식이나 접근성이 더 높은 것으로 해석된다. 인터넷마케팅 지식과 경험 수준이 모든 종속변수에 매우 유의한 관련성을 보이는 것으로 나타나서 사후적으로 세부적인 인터넷마케팅 각 수단들의 지식이나 경험 수준과 종속변수들간의 관련성을 상관분석에 의해 더 심도있게 분석하고 그에 따른 결과들도 논의하였다. 본 연구는 종합적으로 인터넷마케팅 도입에 영향을 주는 변수들을 파악하고자 하였다는 점에서 가장 기본적인 의의가 있으며, 좀 더 실무적으로 의미 있는 연구방법 등을 통해 시사점을 얻고자 하였다는 점에서 의미를 찾을 수 있었다.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제33A권2호
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• pp.196-204
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• 1996

This paper presents a new scheduling algorithm, which is the most improtant subtask in the high level synthesis. The proposed algorithm performs scheduling in consideration of resource sharing concept based on characteristics of conditionsla bransches in the intermediate data structure. CDFG (control data flow graph) generated by a VHDL analyzer. This algorithm constructs a conditon graph based on time frame of each operation using both the ASAP and the ALAP scheduling algorithm. The conditon priority is obtained from the condition graph constructed from each conditional brance. The determined condition priority implies the sequential order of transforming the CDFG with conditonal branches into the CDFG without conditional branches. To minimize resource cost, the CDFG with conditional branches are transformed into the CDFG without conditonal brancehs according to the condition priority. Considering the data dependency, the hardware constraints, and the data execution time constraints, each operation in the transformed CDFG is assigned ot control steps. Such assigning of unscheduled operations into contorl steps implies the performance of the scheduling in the consecutive movement of operations. The effectiveness of this algorithm is hsown by the experiment for the benchmark circuits.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.213-224
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• 2019

This study investigates the effect of depressive vulnerability on the interpersonal problems of university students. We explore the moderating effects of ego-resilience on the relation between depressive vulnerability and interpersonal problems. We selected 380 university students as participants from Daegu and Gyeongsan cities. Collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, moderating effect with SPSS 23.0. PROCESS, a SPSS macro program developed by Hayes (2013). The findings are as follows. First, there were significant correlations between non-sociability and dependency, self-criticism, non-self-assertiveness, over-consideration, dominance, personal relations, emotion control, and optimism. Second, ego-resilience was found to moderate the relationship between depressive vulnerability and non-self- assertiveness, over-consideration, and dominance among university students. This study suggests that intervention to address ego-resilience are important to resolve the interpersonal problems of university students.