• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.545-551
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• 2020

An attempt was made to prepare hydrated liquid crystalline vesicles by utilizing a mutual self-assembly between phospholipid and ceramide. When an edge activator was added to the mixture of phospholipid and ceramide, it was possible to prepare a vesicle containing a high content of poorly soluble ceramide. In this study, we investigated changes in structural and thermal behaviors of the hydrated liquid crystalline phase according to the mixed composition between phospholipid, ceramide, and sodium deoxycholate. Also, both the droplet size of the vesicles with different composition and stability of the vesicle dispersion solution were observed. From results of the experiments, by increasing the ratio of ceramide up to 70% in the mixture between phospholipid and ceramide, a formulation containing 3.5 wt% of ceramide in the vesicle dispersion solution could be obtained.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.84-89
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• 1995

The complexation and physical characteristics of egg phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposome containing amphotericin B(AmB) were investigated through circular dichrosim(CD) spectra, the size distribution, the turbidity change, and the calcein release. CD spectra of AmB-containing egg PC mxture exhibited a positive peak around 330 nm indicative of complexation of AmB and four negative peaks. The positive peak increased up to $2.2{\;}millidegree/{\mu}g$ AmB as AmB contents increased up to 12% (w/w), suggesting that AmB-phospholipid complexation was promoted by the antibiotics. The effective diameter of liposomesa by dynamic light scattering decreased from 450 nm to 220 nm as the amount of AmB in liposomes increased from o to 30% (w/w). The complexation may be responsible for the reduction in size. On the other hand, at around 1 mN deoxycholate (DOC), the reltive turbidities of 5 and 10% (w/w) AmB-containing liposome suspension were less than 1 probably due to the soblubilization of the complex, while those of pure PC liposome suspension were larger than 1 at the same concentration. Deoxycholate-induced release of liposomes, indicating the intercalation of the drug into the bilayers. Therefore, it is concluded that in AmB/eggPC/water system, AmB-phospholipid complexcoexists with AmB-containing liposomes.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.541-546
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• 2021

Hydrated liquid crystalline vesicles containing a high content of ceramide were prepared by constituting an optimal composition in which ceramides can be mutually self-associated with phospholipid and cholesterol. From the result of manufacturing various vesicles with different component composition, when the edge activator sodium deoxycholate (SDOC) and the solubilizer PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil (HCO 60) were mixed to form vesicles, the smallest nano-sized particles were produced and the vesicle dispersion solution was weakly acidic and maintained the most stable state. In addition, it was confirmed through polarized light microscopy and thermal analysis that the addition of SDOC and HCO 60 had an effect on the inhibition of crystallinity of lipid components such as ceramide. The stability of the vesicle dispersion solution was maintained without change in appearance and viscosity even after long-term storage at high temperature for eight weeks.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.318-328
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• 2024

In this study, we enhanced the emulsifying power and solubilization of sucrose stearate (SS) by creating mixtures with sodium deoxycholate (SDOC) and PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil (HCO). We employed the design of mixture experiments (DOME) methodology to identify the optimal composition of the mixture, and the impact of varying the mixture composition on its characteristics was examined through regression analysis of the experimental data. It was revealed that the emulsifying power for coconut oil was most improved when only SDOC was added to SS, and solubilization was most improved when only HCO was added, while the emulsifying power for cetyl ethylhexanoate (CEH) was most significantly improved when SDOC and HCO were added together. As a result of simultaneous optimization of three characteristics, emulsifying power for each of coconut oil and CEH, and solubilization, the optimal surfactant mixture composition was determined as SS 0.7939, SDOC 0.0586, and HCO 0.1475.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.13 no.1_2
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• pp.23-28
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• 1979

The following results were drawn from the experiment conducted to see the effect of ginseng alcohol extract on the mitochondrial oxidation of the rat liver. 1) Mitochondrial oxygen consumption increased in the low concentration and decreased in the high concentration of ginseng alcohol extract. 2) When the mitochondria was destroyed mechanically or was swollen by low concentration of $AgNO_3$, mitochondrial oxygen consumption was inhibited in all concentration of ginseng alcohol extract. 3) Oxygen consumption of intact mitochondria increased in the low concentration but decreased in the high concentration of sodium deoxycholate. 4) Ginseng alcohol extract inhibited cytochrome oxidase activities of liver mitochondria. These results suggest that low concentration of ginseng alcohol extract activates the oxygen consumption of liver mitochondria by increasing the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane and high concentration of the extract inhibit the oxygen consumption by inhibiting the enzyme activity related to respiration.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.414-420
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• 1993

Escherichia coli mrdAts and mrdBts mutants forming spherical cells at 42C, were employed to investigate the possible role of both inner and outer membrance structures in the determination of cell shape of gram-negative cells. Spherical cells, but not rod-shaped wild types, were specifically killed by anionic detergents, such as sarkosyl, sodium dodecylsulfate and sodium deoxycholate. From the spherical intact cells grown overnight at 42C, much more proteins were released by sakosyl.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.143-150
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• 1984

The effect of growth inhibitors on colonial growth of cellulolytic fungus, genus Trichoderma, was investigated to develop a method for the effective screening of various auxotrophs and hypercellulolytic strains. As the results, it was revealed that non-ionic detergents such as Sodium deoxycholate and Triton X-100 were the better ones as a growth inhibitor than Oxgall which has been used to restrict the colony size in genus Trichoderma. Each individual colony remained distinct on minimal plate supplemented with 0.05% Triton X-100 for as long as two or more weeks. The screening of 150 to 200 colonies simultaneous on a single plate was possible in the presence of Triton X-100. The effect of Triton X-100 on simultaneous screening was higher than that of Oxgall by a factor of two.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.429-432
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• 1991

In order to prepare probiotics, a strain which has resistant against acid, bile salts and antibiotics was isolated from infant and anirnat feces. Among these isolated strains, TK- 19 showed a strong acid tolerance and growth at 500 $\mu g$/ml of Na-deoxycholate. Also strain TK-19 was resistant to kanarnycin (30 $\mu g$/ml), streptomycin (10 $\mu g$/ml), nisin (50 $\mu g$/ml) and tetracycline (10 $\mu g$/ml). The isolated strain TK-19 was identified as Streptococcus faeciam, and was named Streptococcus faeciurn TK-19.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 1983

Bacillus subtilis grown on medium containing 0.1% trios fraction, 0.005% sodium deoxycholate, and 0.05% taurocholate respectively was shown to grow as filamentous form and contain 2.3 x 10-5M, 1 x 10-5M, and 2.3${\times}$10-5M of intracellular C-AMP, respectively. The concentration was 3 or 4 times lower than that of the control. But concentrations of extracellula: C-AMP were similar to that of the control. Such decrease in C-AMP concentration was shown to parallel with decrease in autolysin activity indicating 40% and 20% lower activity of Bacillus subtilis grown on medium containing 0.05% and 0. l% triol fraction respectively than that of the control, The activity was also shown to be in inverse proportion with the formation of filament .

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.201-202
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• 2021

Currently, the domestic construction industry is trying to expand the range of building materials due to overload of growth. In particular, several studies are being conducted to make up for the weakness of building materials by solving problems such as reduction of tensile strength and brittle behavior of concrete. Among them, efforts to maximize the use of carbon nanotubes (CNT) that has excellent mechanical and electrical conductivity properties are continuing. However, CNT is hydrophobic and have a strong Van der Waals force between particles, making it difficult to obtain an effective dispersion state. Therefore, in this study, various kinds of surfactants like DOC (Sodium Deoxycholate), PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone), and PCE (Polycarboxylate ester) were added to improve the dispersibility of CNT, and analyzed the changes in the properties of the cement paste mixed with them.