• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine college students' perception on the water fluoridation program and to analyze the similarities and differences in the perceptions of those to provide the basic data for program development and policy planning, the survey with convenience sampling was carried out to 592 college students and then obtained that results. 1. The question about whether you know what is the water fluoridation program got the answers 'know well 5.7%', 'know a little 32.6%', but the ratio of correctly recognizing college students about the program for the purpose of preventing cavities is 19.6% so it was concluded that the accurate education about the definition and the protective of the water fluoridation program is urgent. 2. The rate of consent about claims that the water fluoridation program is a public health program similar to vaccination in the receptivity of the pros for the program is the highest with boy students(64.4%), girl students(75.2%) and therefore it is concluded that it will utilize for the water fluoridation business publicity. 3. Stronger concern for oral health led to the greatest impact on the receptivity of the pros for the water fluoridation program. 4. Most students answered that the time of the water fluoridation operation have to operate gradually and the respondents are 349 students(59%). Therefore it is concluded that the water fluoridation should be taken place in north Jeolla province.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1984

Generally speaking, agriculture exist in a climatic environment of uncertainty. Namely, normal rainfall value, as given by the mean values, does not exist. Thought on exists, itl does not affect like extreme Precipitation value on the part of agriculture and of others. Therefore, it is important that we measure the duration and severity index of drought caused by extreme precipitation deficit. In this purpose, this study was dealt with the calculation of drought duration and severity indexs by the method of monthly weighting coefficient. There is no quantitive definition of drought that is universally acceptable. Most of the criteria was used to identify drought have been arbitrary because a drought is a 'non-event' as opposed to a distinct event such as a flood. Therefore, confusion arises when an attempt is made to define the drought phenomenon, the calculation of duration, drought index is based on the following four fundamental question, and this study was dealt with the answers of these four questions as they related to this analytical method, as follows. First, the primary interest in this study is to be the lack of precipitation as it relates to agricultural effective rainfall. Second, the time interval was used to be month in this analysis. Third, Drought event, distinguished analytically from other event, is noted by monthly weighting coefficient method based on monthly rainfall data. Fin-ally, the seven regions used in this study have continually affected by drought on account of their rainfall deficit. The result from this method was very similar to the previous papers studied by many workers. Therefore, I think that this method is very available in Korea to identify the duration of drought, the deficit of precipitation and severity index of drought, But according to the climate of Korea exist the Asia Monsoon zone. The monthly weighting coefficient is modify a little, Because get out of 0.1-0.4 occasionally.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.199-216
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• 2007

본 연구는 삼각형과 사각형 등 도형에 관한 정의와 성질 파악이 시작되는 4학년 단계에서 학생들이 범하는 오류를 연구해 봄으로써 적절한 처방과 교육 방법을 찾는데 목적이 있다. 4학년 단계에서 가장 많이 보이는 오류 유형으로는 정리나 정의를 부적절하게 사용하는 오류였으며 잘못되거나 제한된 개념 이미지가 크게 작용하였다. 이런 측면에서 본 연구는 용어에 대한 정의를 명확하게 하며 학생들의 기하수준을 높이는 지도가 필요하며 수학책과 수학 익힘책에서 제시된 도형 이미지는 제한적이므로 보다 다양한 위치와 길이의 도형이 제시되어야 하고 정확하게 서술되어야 하며 다양하고 실제적인 활동을 위한 방향으로 검토가 이루어져함을 시사한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.4857-4860
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancer is common in Iran. However our knowledge about survival of rectal cancer in our province is low. The aim of this study is to evaluate this question. Materials and Methods: Patients with documented pathology of adenocarcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid junction referred to our center from September 2004 to September 2012 were enrolled in this study. Metastatic and recurrent patients were excluded. A questionnaire including clinicopathologic parameters, quality and sequence of treatment modalities was filled in for each patient. Patients treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy were divided into standard and non-standard treatment groups, according to the sequence of treatment. Results: One hundred and nineteen patients were evaluated. Mean age was 60.8 year. The median overall survival was 62 months and five year survival was 55%. TNM staging system was not possible due to (Nx) in 21 (17.6%) patients. The others were in stage I, 20 patients (16.8%), II, 35 (29%.5) and III, 43(36.1%). According to our definition only 25 patients (21%) had been treated with standard treatment and 79% had not received it. A five year survival in patients with standard treatment was 85% and in the non-standard group it was 52%.Age, sex, stage and grade of tumor did not show any significant relation to survival. Conclusions: Our study showed a five year survival of rectal cancer in our patients was about 10% lower than the rate which is reported for developed countries. Preoperative concurrent chemoradiation significantly improved local control and even overall survival.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.446-452
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• 2009

이 연구는 성공적인 토론을 위해 필요한 토론 능력의 구성요소는 무엇이며, 또 토론 실행 과정에서 단계별로 어떤 전략이 효과적인가에 대해 대학생들의 실제 토론 상황을 토대로 연구한 것이어서 학생들의 토론 능력 신장에 크게 기여할 것으로 확신한다. 토론 능력은 주어진 문제에 관한 인지적 지식을 가지고 언어적으로 논쟁을 하고, 서로 대립적인 주장을 펼치면서 바람직한 결론을 도출해 내는 행동적 요소를 포함하고 있다. 토론 구성요소로는 표현 능력, 자료 분석 능력, 논증 능력, 듣기 능력,조정과 협상 능력 등이 있다. 토론 전략은 준비단계에서의 전략과 실행단계에서의 전략으로 나누어 살펴 보았다. 준비과정에서의 전략으로는 규칙을 준수하며 말하기, 감정이입적 말하기, 역지사지적 말하기,책임감 있게 말하기 등이 있다. 실행단계에서의 전략은 다시 입론과정과 교차조사과정, 반박과정으로 나누어 제시하였다. 토론 능력을 갖춘 사람이 여기에서 밝힌 토론 전략들을 실제 토론 현장에서 활용한다면 자신의 의사소통 목적을 충분히 달성 할 수 있을 것으로 믿으며 이런 점에서 이 연구가 의의를 지닌다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2007

토론에서의 대응 전략과 그 기능 등을 고찰한 이 연구는 학생들의 표현능력과 이해능력을 신장시킬 수 있는 구체적이고 실용적인 교육 자료를 제공해 주고 갈등 상황을 정확하게 분석, 민첩하게 대응할 수 있는 응용 능력을 신장시키는 데 많은 도움을 줄 수 있다. 토론에서의 단계별 대응전략들을 살펴보면 입론과정에서의 전략 유형으로는 (1) 개념정의 형식, (2) 해결책 제시 형식, (3) 인과관계형식, (4) 사례제시형식이 있다. 반박과정에서의 전략 유형으로는 (1) 자문자답형식, (2) 주장대조형식, (3) 일부인정형식 이 있다. 교차조사과정에서의 전략 유형으로는 (1) 반문반박형식, (2) 일부동의반박형식이 있다. 이 연구를 교육 현장에서 활용한다면, 학생들의 의사소통능력과 협상 능력을 향상시킴은 물론 한층 더 성숙한 사고력과 판단력을 갖추게 함으로써 21세기형 리더십을 키우는 데 크게 기여할 것으로 확신한다.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.31-52
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• 2008

무한(infinity)의 개념은 다른 과학적 개념들과 마찬가지로 진화의 역사를 지닌 개념이다. 우리는 여기에서 볼짜노(Bolzano)를 중심으로 논의를 전개하고자 하는데, 그는 형이상학적 관점에서가 아니라 수학적으로 실무한(actual infinity)을 수용한 최초의 인물로 여겨지기 때문이다. 볼짜노는 현대의 플라톤주의자들처럼 구성(construction)과정과는 무관하게 무한집합(infinite set)을 그 자체로 옹호하였는데, 이는 내포(comprehension)의 원리와 모든 개념에 대한 외연의 유일성(unicity)에 근거한다. 또한 그는 무한집합과 그 부분 사이에 1:1 대응(one-to-one correspondence)이 성립한다는 사실을 역설로 보지 않고 무한집합의 특징으로 인식했다. 그리스 시대에는 단 하나의 무한의 존재만 인정한 데 반해 그는 여러 종류의 무한의 존재를 인정했으며, 무한에 대한 논리적 정의를 수립하였다. 무한의 문제는 수학에서 점증하는 중요성을 지닌 구성적 방법(constructive method)의 시금석이 된다. 여기에서는 이에 대한 운을 떼는 것으로 그치고 본격적인 연구는 차후의 과제로 남겨두겠다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2015

According to the definition of 'native local food', Jeju has combined its regional specialty products with its own cooking method. It has almost four-hundred kinds, which reflects regional specialty and diversity, yet it is not very well-known. Thus, this present study provides basic research information through the investigation of tourist awareness, intention to consume, drawbacks, development necessity and direction of development of Jeju local foods. The survey was conducted with 295 domestic tourists who had visited Jeju in the last 10 years. In response to a question asked about the consciousness of Jeju local foods, 67.8% of respondents chose average, indicating a relatively high cause for concern. Intention to consume averaged 3.26, which was higher than tourist awareness, having an average of 2.60. Furthermore, local food interest and demographic characteristics of respondents were found to have an influence on tourist awareness and intention to consume. 87.8% of respondents answered above average with respect to the drawbacks of Jeju's local foods and development necessity and direction, with the main drawbacks being lack of PR (43.1%) and high price (39.0%). The priority of most respondents was the quality and taste of the food (50.8%). Based on the results of this study, if tourist awareness can be effectively increased, an escalation in intent to consume will follow, naturally promoting the consumption of Jeju's local foods. Consequentially, for tourism commercialization, the quality and taste of the foods have to be improved in addition to the gain in popularity through efficient PR methods.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.7-18
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• 2005

Over the past twenty years, the maintenance system has been developed and its importance has been increased. For the effective maintenance of the urban transit, we have developed the maintenance system based on the concept of RCM(Reliability Centered Maintenance). RCM analysis is a systematic approach to developing a cost-effective maintenance strategy based on the various components's reliability of the system in question. It is performed according to process that includes the following steps; definition of function and functional failures of the systems, construction of RB D(Reliability Block Diagram), performance of FMEA(Failure Modes & Effects Analysis) and calculation of the reliability index. The final process of RCM is to determine appropriate failure maintenance strategies. This paper aims to define the procedure of maintenace based on the concept of RCM for urban transit. The key for a successful maintenance system is an automated scheduling to the maximum extent possible and timely executions. The developed system issues maintenance plan and repair request based on analyzed data and maintenance experience.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2017

One of the challenges facing precision manufacturers is the increasing feature complexity of tight tolerance parts. All engineering drawings must account for the size, form, orientation, and location of all features to ensure manufacturability, measurability, and design intent. Geometric controls per ASME Y14.5 are typically applied to specify dimensional tolerances on engineering drawings and define size, form, orientation, and location of features. Many engineering drawings lack the necessary geometric dimensioning and tolerancing to allow for timely and accurate inspection and verification. Plus-minus tolerancing is typically ambiguous and requires extra time by engineering, programming, machining, and inspection functions to debate and agree on a single conclusion. Complex geometry can result in long inspection and verification times and put even the most sophisticated measurement equipment and processes to the test. In addition, design, manufacturing and quality engineers are often frustrated by communication errors over these features. However, an approach called profile tolerancing offers optimal definition of design intent by explicitly defining uniform boundaries around the physical geometry. It is an efficient and effective method for measurement and quality control. There are several advantages for product designers who use position and profile tolerancing instead of linear dimensioning. When design intent is conveyed unambiguously, manufacturers don't have to field multiple question from suppliers as they design and build a process for manufacturing and inspection. Profile tolerancing, when it is applied correctly, provides manufacturing and inspection functions with unambiguously defined tolerancing. Those data are manufacturable and measurable. Customers can see cost and lead time reductions with parts that consistently meet the design intent. Components can function properly-eliminating costly rework, redesign, and missed market opportunities. However a supplier that is poised to embrace profile tolerancing will no doubt run into resistance from those who would prefer the way things have always been done. It is not just internal naysayers, but also suppliers that might fight the change. In addition, the investment for suppliers can be steep in terms of training, equipment, and software.