• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2021

As pass the three revised bills, the Personal Information Protection Act was revised to have a larger application for personal information. For an industrial development through an efficient and secure usage of personal information, there is a need to revise the existing anonymity processing method. This paper modifies the Zero Knowledge Proofs algorithm among the anonymity processing methods to modify the anonymity process calculations by taking into account the reliability of the used service company. More detail, the formula of ZKP (Zero Knowledge Proof) used by ZK-SNAKE is used to modify the personal information for pseudonymization processing. The core function of the proposed algorithm is the addition of user variables and adjustment of the difficulty level according to the reliability of the data user organization and the scope of use. Through Setup_p, the additional variable γ can be selectively applied according to the reliability of the user institution, and the degree of agreement of Witness is adjusted according to the reliability of the institution entered through Prove_p. The difficulty of the verification process is adjusted by considering the reliability of the institution entered through Verify_p. SimProve, a simulator, also refers to the scope of use and the reliability of the input authority. With this suggestion, it is possible to increase reliability and security of anonymity processing and distribution of personal information.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.865-876
• /
• 2018

This study focuses on the operating requirements of multi-resolution modeling(MRM) in training war-game model and proposes solutions for major issues of multi-resolution interoperation between Combat21 model and tank multi-purpose simulator(TMPS). We study the operating requirements of MRM through interviews with defense M&S experts and literature surveys and report the various issues that could occur with low-resolution model Combat21 and high-resolution model TMPS linked, for example, when to switch objects, what information to exchange, what format to switch to, and how to match data resolutions. This study also addresses the purpose and concept of training using multi-resolution interoperation, role of each model included in multi-resolution interoperation, and issue of matching damage assessments when interoperated between models with different resolutions. This study will provide the common goals and directions of MRM research to MRM researchers, defense modeling & simulation organizations and practitioners.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.1213-1237
• /
• 2019

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) facilities envision future Intelligent Transporting Systems (ITSs) by providing inter-vehicle communication for metrics such as road surveillance, traffic information, and road condition. In recent years, vehicle manufacturers, researchers and academicians have devoted significant attention to vehicular communication technology because of its highly dynamic connectivity and self-organized, decentralized networking characteristics. However, due to VANET's high mobility, dynamic network topology and low communication coverage, dissemination of large data packets (e.g. multimedia content) is challenging. Clustering enhances network performance by maintaining communication link stability, sharing network resources and efficiently using bandwidth among nodes. This paper proposes a mobility-based, multi-hop clustering algorithm, (MBCA) for multimedia content broadcasting over an IEEE 802.11p-LTE-enabled hybrid VANET architecture. The OMNeT++ network simulator and a SUMO traffic generator are used to simulate a network scenario. The simulation results indicate that the proposed clustering algorithm over a hybrid VANET architecture improves the overall network stability and performance, resulting in an overall 20% increased cluster head duration, 20% increased cluster member duration, lower cluster overhead, 15% improved data packet delivery ratio and lower network delay from the referenced schemes [46], [47] and [50] during multimedia content dissemination over VANET.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.15 no.9
• /
• pp.3120-3137
• /
• 2021

Small-sized IoT wireless sensing devices can be deployed with small aircraft such as drones, and the deployment of mobile IoT devices can be relocated to suit data collection with efficient relocation algorithms. However, the terrain may not be able to predict its shape. Mobile IoT devices suitable for these terrains are hopping devices that can move with jumps. So far, most hopping sensor relocation studies have made the unrealistic assumption that all hopping devices know the overall state of the entire network and each device's current state. Recent work has proposed the most realistic distributed network environment-based relocation algorithms that do not require sharing all information simultaneously. However, since the shortest path-based algorithm performs communication and movement requests with terminals, it is not suitable for an area where the distribution of obstacles is uneven. The proposed scheme applies a simple Monte Carlo method based on relay nodes selection random variables that reflect the obstacle distribution's characteristics to choose the best relay node as reinforcement learning, not specific relay nodes. Using the relay node selection random variable could significantly reduce the generation of additional messages that occur to select the shortest path. This paper's additional contribution is that the world's first distributed environment-based relocation protocol is proposed reflecting real-world physical devices' characteristics through the OMNeT++ simulator. We also reconstruct the three days-long disaster environment, and performance evaluation has been performed by applying the proposed protocol to the simulated real-world environment.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2020

When IoT sensor nodes are deployed in areas where data collection is challenging, sensors must be relocated if sensing holes occur due to improper placement of sensors or energy depletion, and data collection is impossible. The sensing hole's cluster header transmits a request message for sensor relocation to an adjacent cluster header through a specific relay node. However, since a specific relay node is frequently used, a member sensor located in a specific cluster area adjacent to the sensing hole can continuously receive the movement message. In this paper, we propose a method that avoids the situation in which the sensing hole cluster header monopolizes a specific relay node and allows the cluster header to use multiple relay nodes fairly. Unlike the existing method in which the relay node immediately responds to the request of the header, the method proposed in this paper solves a ping-pong problem and a problem that the request message is concentrated on a specific relay node by applying a method of responding to the request of the header using a timer. OMNeT++ simulator was used to analyze the performance of the proposed method.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.12
• /
• pp.515-527
• /
• 2009

IEEE 802.11n is an ongoing next-generation WLAN(Wireless Local Area Network) standard that supports a very high-speed connection with more than 100Mb/s data throughput measured at the MAC(Medium Access Control) layer. Study trends of IEEE 802.11n show two aspects, enhanced data throughput using aggregation among packets in MAC layer, and better data rates adapting MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) in PHY(Physical) layer. But, the former doesn't consider wireless channel and the latter doesn't consider aggregation among packets for reality. Therefore, this paper analyzes data throughput for IEEE 802.11n considering MAC and PHY connection. A-MPDU(Aggregation-MAC Protocol Data Unit) and A-MSDU(Aggregation-MAC Service Unit) is adapted considering multi-service in MAC layer, WLAN MIMO TGn channel using SVD(Singular Value Decomposition) is adapted considering MIMO and wireless channel in PHY layer. Consequently, Simulation results shows throughput between A-MPDU and A-MSDU. Also, We use Ns-2(Network simulator-2) for reality.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.40-49
• /
• 2015

PicoCast is a recently proposed short-range wireless communications technology that supports both low rate sensor/control data and high speed data such as voice and video traffic in the personal space, defined by the user-centric space of radius tens of meters, with one unified protocol. When the users are in the same area, personal spaces defined by each user may overlap. Since these PicoCast piconets may simultaneously operate, mutual interference is unavoidable. It is necessary to investigate the effect of mutual interference on data transmission and to conduct research on minimizing the interference among PicoCast devices. In this paper we analyze the effect of mutual interference between PicoCast piconets based on data throughput using OPNET network simulator. We have implemented the PicoCast protocol and measured the average throughput and packet loss rate.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.1143-1156
• /
• 2013

Power control system like SCADA(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) is gathering information using RS232C and low-speed analog communication network. In general, these methods are known as secure because of the secure characteristics from the analog based communication network and serial communication. In this study, first we build DNP communication environment using commercial power control simulator and find some vulnerabilities by testing from the viewpoint of confidentiality, integrity and availability. Consequently, we see the necessity of a valid method for authentication and data encryption when gathering information, even though that is known as secure so far. Discussion of needs of DNP authentication and data encryption is started about several years ago, but there is still nowhere applied that on real environment because the current methods can not fully meet the security requirements of the real environment. This paper suggests a solution to the vulnerabilities, and propose some considerations for enhancing power control system's security level by applying DNP authentication and data encryption.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.65 no.5
• /
• pp.836-842
• /
• 2016

When an accident occurs in the nuclear power plant, the faulted information might mislead to the high possibility of aggravating the accident. At the Fukushima accident, the operators misunderstood that there was no core exposure despite in the processing of core damage, because the instrument information of the reactor water level was provided to the operators optimistically other than the actual situation. Thus, this misunderstanding actually caused to much confusions on the rapid countermeasure on the accident, and then resulted in multiplying the accident propagation. It is necessary to be equipped with the function that informs operators the status of instrument integrity in real time. If plant operators verify that the instruments are working properly during accident conditions, they are able to make a decision more safely. In this study, we have performed various tests for the fault detection sensitivity of an data-driven empirical model to review the usability of the model in the accident conditions. The test was performed by using simulation data from the compact nuclear simulator that is numerically simulated to PWR type nuclear power plant. As a result of the test, the proposed model has shown good performance for detecting the specified instrument faults during normal plant conditions. Although the instrument fault detection sensitivity during plant accident conditions is lower than that during normal condition, the data-drive empirical model can be detected an instrument fault during early stage of plant accidents.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.2B
• /
• pp.76-81
• /
• 2008

LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) has been proposed as a routing protocol with a hierarchical structure, in order to achieve the energy efficiency that is of primary importance in the wireless sensor networks. A wireless sensor network adopting LEACH is composed of a few clusters, each of which consists of member nodes that sense the data, and head nodes that deliver the collected data from member nodes to a sink node that is connected to a backbone network. A head node in a cluster allocates TDMA slots to its member nodes without taking into account whether they have data to transmit or not, thus resulting in inefficiency of energy usage of head node that remains in active mode during the entire round time. This motivates us to propose a scheme to improve the energy efficiency of LEACH, by assigning TDMA slots only to those member nodes who have data to send. As a result, the head node can remain sleep during the period of no data transmission from member nodes, leading to the substantial energy saving. By using the ns-2 simulator, we evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme in comparison with the original LEACH. Experimental results validate our scheme, showing a better performance than original LEACH in terms of the number of outliving nodes and the quantity of energy consumption as time evolves.