• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2016

PURPOSES : In this study, we analyzed the compressive strength characteristics of lean base concrete in relation to changes in the outdoor temperature after analyzing the cold and hot weather temperature standards and calculated the minimum and maximum temperatures when pouring concrete. We examined the rate of strength development of lean base concrete in relation to the temperature change and derived an appropriate analysis formula for FRC base structures by assigning the accumulated strength data and existing maturity formula. METHODS : We measured the strength changes at three curing temperatures (5, 20, and $35^{\circ}C$) by curing the concrete in a temperature range that covered the lowest temperature of the cold period, $5^{\circ}C$, to the highest temperature of the hot period, $35^{\circ}C$. We assigned the general lean concrete and FRC as test variables. A strength test was planned to measure the strength after 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 days. RESULTS : According to the results of compressive strength tests of plain concrete and FRC in relation to curing temperature, the plain concrete had a compressive strength greater than 5 MPa at all curing temperatures on day 5 and satisfied the lean concrete standard. In the case of FRC, because the initial strength was substantially reduced as a result of a 30% substitution of fly ash, it did not satisfy the strength standard of 5 MPa when it was cured at $5^{\circ}C$ on day 7. In addition, because the fly ash in the FRC caused a Pozzolanic reaction with the progress into late age, the amount of strength development increased. In the case of a curing temperature of $20^{\circ}C$, the FRC strength was about 66% on day 3 compared with the plain concrete, but it is increased to about 77% on day 28. In the case of a curing temperature of $35^{\circ}C$, the FRC strength development rate was about 63% on day 3 compared with the plain concrete, but it increased to about 88% on day 28. CONCLUSIONS : We derived a strength analysis formula using the maturity temperatures with all the strength data and presented the point in time when it reached the base concrete standard, which was 5 MPa for each air temperature. We believe that our findings could be utilized as a reference in the construction of base concrete for a site during a cold or hot weather period.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 2022

This study is a one group pretest-posttest design study to confirm changes in career choice commitment, career decision-making self-efficacy, and career maturity before and after high school students participate in the Gyeonggi-do health cluster curriculum. The study was conducted on 47 second grade high school students who participated in health clusters of 3 high schools in Gyeonggi-do. The study was conducted from March 8, 2021 to December 29, 2021, and data collection was conducted through a self-reported questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 with frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, and paired t-test. As a result of the study, high school students who participated in the health cluster curriculum improved their career choice commitment(t=-9.01, p<.001), career decision-making self-efficacy(t=-8.45, p<.001), and career maturity(t=-3.63, p=<.002) statistically significantly after participation. Through the results of this study, a standardized program of the health cluster curriculum that can improve the level of career decision-making of high school students should be developed.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.270-278
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• 2022

This study was conducted using deep learning technology to classify for 'Mihwang' peach maturity with RGB images and fruit quality attributes during fruit development and maturation periods. The 730 images of peach were used in the training data set and validation data set at a ratio of 8:2. The remains of 170 images were used to test the deep learning models. In this study, among the fruit quality attributes, firmness, Hue value, and a^* value were adapted to the index with maturity classification, such as immature, mature, and over mature fruit. This study used the CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) models for image classification; VGG16 and InceptionV3 of GoogLeNet. The performance results show 87.1% and 83.6% with Hue left value in VGG16 and InceptionV3, respectively. In contrast, the performance results show 72.2% and 76.9% with firmness in VGG16 and InceptionV3, respectively. The loss rate shows 54.3% and 62.1% with firmness in VGG16 and InceptionV3, respectively. It considers increasing for adapting a field utilization with firmness index in peach.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.380-392
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• 2023

Groupers (Family Epinephelidae) are commonly caught in data-poor small-scale multi-species fisheries for sale on both export and domestic markets. This study presents data on the species composition and size/life-stage structure of Epinephelus spp. groupers caught by small-scale fishers and sold locally in the Indonesian province of South Sulawesi. Data were collected from fishing ports and local markets at 12 sites representing the three seaways around South Sulawesi (Makassar Strait, Flores Sea, Gulf of Bone). Each specimen (n = 3,398) was photographed alongside an object of known length, and total length (TL) was obtained using the Rapid Scaling on Object (RASIO). Of the 23 species identified, four (Epinephelus areolatus, Epinephelus ongus, Epinephelus quoyanus, and Epinephelus fasciatus) collectively comprised 69% of the catch, while the 13 least abundant species contributed less than 5%. The catch was dominated (67%) by the subadult life-stage, with just under 20% in the adult class. Juveniles dominated the catch of Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, a valuable export commodity. Observations of early maturity as well as the sizeable gap between length at first capture (Lc) and length at first maturity (Lm) indicate recruitment overfishing of most species, with the notable exception of Epinephelus rivulatus. The proportion of adult fish was low (≈5%-30%) for the twelve most abundant species (E. areolatus, E. ongus, Epinephelus quoyanus, E. fasciatus, Epinephelus coioides, Epinephelus faveatus, Epinephelus sexfasciatus, Epinephelus maculatus, Epinephelus bleekeri, Epinephelus corallicola, E. fuscoguttatus, Epinephelus polyphekadion). For two moderately abundant species (E. faveatus and E. malabaricus), TL < Lm for all specimens. The limited data available indicate spawning ratio is lower than reported from deep-water fisheries of E. areolatus and E. coioides. The results call for targeted research to fill knowledge gaps regarding the biology and ecology of groupers exploited mainly for domestic markets; highlight the need for species-level data to inform management policies such as minimum legal size regulations; and can contribute towards species-level status assessments.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.121-138
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• 2016

This study is intended to present effective career guidance and direction by identifying the various factors involved in the career preparation behavior for the improvement of the employment rate of culinary and foodservice management major field students. This study was established on the hypothesis of a structural relationship that career decision-making self-efficacy develops career maturity and career preparation behavior on the basis of social cognitive career theory, which was verified through empirical analysis. Out of 450 survey responses from by Culinary and Foodservice Management Major Students, a total of 302 questionnaires were used for the final analysis due to missing values and biased responses(response rate: 83.6%). Collected data were identified using SPSS 16.0 and AMOS 5.0. A higher-order factor model was employed (High-order model) before a confirmatory factor analysis, and this study examined its reliability and validity analysis for hypothesis testing. Career decision-making self-efficacy had positive effects on career maturity(t=6.86, p<0.001) and career preparation behavior(t=3.83, p<0.001), and career maturity had positive effects on career preparation behavior (t=2.79, p<0.01). As a result, all hypotheses were accepted. These results confirmed that strengthening students' faith in themselves with competencies is core competencies with career-related issue can be the driving force that can enable students to develop into mature professionals. Therefore, this study suggests an awareness of the importance of career decision-making self efficacy and proposes a need for a systematic and integrated career counseling program that can improve it.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4322-4327
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• 2011

This study was conducted to analyze the influences of older volunteer activity. In detail, Administered on girl's maddle school students with the program's purpose on encouragement of positive career development. The study sample was taken from 30 students attending Y girl's middle school in Gyeonggi province, all of whom were regular volunteers at a near by rest home. The contents of the study and apparatus alike incorporated the use of a CAMI and CDS employed as a means of observing the changes before and after older volunteer activity experience in relation to five sub factors and career decision level. The data were analyzed by t-test using the SPSS Program. The results were as follows: First, it appears that older volunteer activity, in general, partial effect of improving a girl's middle school students' career attitude maturity. Second, it appears that older volunteer activity, improving effect a girl's middle school students' career decision level. Third, a girl's middle school students' career attitude maturity and career decision level had positive to advance more in particular in cases where the students' family also participated in older volunteer activity. As observed by the above results, a older volunteer activity experience should be an integral to a girl's middle school students' career education program plan as an effective means of enhancing their career attitude maturity and career decision level.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.165-179
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• 2024

Although firms with advanced analytics and machine learning (which is often called AI) capabilities are considered to be highly successful in the market by making decisions and actions based on quantitative analysis using data, the scarcity of historical data and the lack of right data infrastructure are the problems for the organizations to perform such projects. The objective of this study, is to identify a road map for the organization to reach data capability maturity to become AI matured organizations. First, this study defines the terms, AI capability, data capability and AI matured organization. Then using content analyses, organizations' data practices performed for AI system development and operation are analyzed to infer a data capability roadmap to become an AI matured organization.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.203-211
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• 2001

A women's meaning about labor and delivery may influence the process of childbirth and performance of the maternal role. Therefore, negative meaning about the birth experience may have a negative impact on the childrearing. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of labor and delivery for the strategies of nursing intervention in positive childbirth experience. The data were collected through the in-depth interviews of 10 nursing college women on Jeju Island from October 2000 to January 2001. The interviews were conducted by investigator in the class room after school hours. Each interview lasted for about 30 minutes on average. Subjects were interviewed one at a time. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the subject. The data were analyzed by means of Giorgi's phenomenological analysis methods and catagorized according to the similarities of its contents. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify the themes and the main meanings. Eight main meanings were identified as follows : 1)pain 2) shame and disgust 3)load 4)naturality 5)unreality 6)happiness 7)anxiety 8)maturity. Under these main meanings there were seventeen themes. I. Pain : (a) It's too painful (b) I don't want to deliver II. Shame and Disgust : (a) I am shameful (b) I am hateful III. Load : (a) I don't feel free (b) I have responsibility IV. Naturality : (a) It's in order to obtain a child (b) It's natural for women (c) It's a destiny of women V. Unreality : I don't feel real VI. Happiness : (a) I am glad (b) I am happy (c) It's miraculous VII. Anxiety : (a) I am anxious (b) I am worried VIII. Maturity : (a) I understand parents (b) I feel great. The results of the study will provide basic data for positive childbirth experience.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.277-286
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• 1999

Pain is a complex perceptual experience that is profoundly influenced by a number of variables, differing in quality as well as in intensity. Therefore we need to understand the actual experience of multiparous women in order to provide basic information for nursing care. The purpose of the study is to explore the experience of labor pain. The data are collected through in-depth interviews of 17 multiparous women in city of Pusan from October 1998 to March 1999. The interviews were conducted 1-2 days after delivery in the admission room. Each interview lasted about 45 minutes on average. Subjects were interviewed one at a time. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the subject. Data were analyzed by means of Giorgi's Phenomenological analysis methods and categorized according to the similarities of its contents. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify themes and categories. Six categories that were identified were : 1) pain 2) regret 3) acceptance 4) maturity 5) accomplishment 6) newness. Under these categories there were seventeen themes. I. Pain: 1) too dependent on others 2) too painful 3) fear or anxiety from previous painful experience 4) avoidance of pain 5) couldn't control the pain II. Regret : 1) spouse's absence 2) unprofessional attitude of the staff 3) ignorance of other's towards their pain III. Acceptance : 1) took the pain for granted 2) accepted the pain as fate 3) endured the pain IV. Maturity : 1) appreciated the value of life 2) apprehension of parent V. Accomplishment : 1)is over sense of accomplishment 2) grateful the pain VI. Newness : 1) experienced a new feeling 2) quickly forgot the pain. The results of the study will provide basic data for labor pain management.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.11 no.sup
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• pp.153-164
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• 2012

There is a belief that timely and precise data are important to decisions and the better decisions are related to better firm performance. However, empirical research investigating the effect of data quality on firm financial performance is still scarce up to recently. Current study empirically explores such an effect of data quality on firm accounting performance in the Korean manufacturing industry during 2008~2010 with secondary data. The results show that better data quality does not impact on sales and operating profit, but positively and significantly impacts on EVA(Economic Value Added). Raising the level of data quality management maturity by one level can increase EVA by about 34% in manufacturing firms.