• Human Ecology Research
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.487-498
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• 2016

The study was examined the multiple mediated effects of maternal self-efficacy and depression between perception gap about paternal involvement and marital conflict for dual-income parents. The data used were the fifth year data of the Panel Study on Korean Children from Korea Institute of Child Care and Education in 2012. The subjects consisted of 449 dual-income parents with more than one child. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, paired t -test, and correlation. SPSS macro and bootstrapping methods also assessed the mediation effects of maternal self-efficacy and depression between the perception gap about paternal involvement and marital conflict in dual-income parents. The results of this study were as follows. Significant positive correlations were observed for marital conflict, perception gap of dual-income parents about paternal involvement and maternal depression. Perception gaps by parents and self-efficacy were negatively correlated. Perception gaps by parents showed a direct effect on marital conflict. The results of indirect effects of all mediators showed the mediated effect of maternal self-efficacy and depression. The study revealed that the perceptive gap about paternal involvement has a significant impact on maternal self-efficacy and depression, as well as marital conflict. The perceptive gap of dual-income parents about paternal involvement has critical effects on marital conflict as much as the quantity of paternal involvement.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제67권3호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2023

Tetra-aryl substituted A4-type porphyrins (TP, TD, TA) and trans-A2B2 porphyrins (DDP1, AAP1) with electron-donating or withdrawing groups were synthesized. The band gap energy of those porphyrins was calculated from their UV-Vis spectra and CV data. With an electron-withdrawing group, the band gap energy of porphyrin TA increased via the LUMO energy up. Meanwhile, the introduction of an electron-donating group decreased the band gap of porphyrin by HOMO level up as as in the case of porphyrin TD. The band gap (2.19-2.28 eV) of metalloporphyrin PP-Ni was greater than those (1.81-2.06 eV) of non-metalloporphyrins PP due to the LUMO level up.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.414-419
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• 2016

본 연구는 상추와 오이의 GAP 인증 및 미인증 농가를 대상으로 토양, 용수, 작물 (상추, 오이), 장갑, 포장재 (비닐)에 대한 미생물 오염도를 비교 평가하고 농가의 위생관리 실태를 조사하여 GAP 인증 농가에 대한 미생물학적 안전성 강화를 위한 자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 미생물 오염도 조사 결과 상추 농장의 경우 위생지표세균 오염도는 GAP 인증 농가가 미인증 농가 보다 조금 낮거나 유사하였고, 병원성미생물인 S. aureus와 B. cereus는 GAP 인증 농가의 토양과 용수에서 미인증 농가 보다 높게 검출되었다. 오이농장은 토양의 대장균군과 B. cereus, 장갑의 일반세균 및 대장균군 오염도가 GAP 미인증 농가보다 GAP 인증 농가에서 높았고, 그 외에는 GAP 인증 농가와 미인증 농가가 유사한 오염도를 나타내었다. 전체적으로 결과를 비교했을 때 GAP 인증 농가와 미인증 농가의 미생물 오염도 수준이 크게 차이가 나지 않는 것으로 확인되어 GAP를 인증 받았음에도 불구하고 미생물에 대한 관리는 미흡한 것으로 나타났다. 농가의 위생관리 실태 조사 결과에서는 GAP 인증 농가가 미인증 농가보다는 미생물 오염을 방지하기 위한 노력들을 하고 있는 것으로 확인되었으나, GAP 인증 및 미인증 농가 모두 농업용수의 관리와 작업 시 사용되는 작업자의 장갑 관리에 있어서는 미흡한 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 연구결과는 농산물의 미생물 오염방지에 대한 방안을 제시하고 GAP 인증을 개선하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.177-180
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• 2000

Optical burst switching(OBS) is a new switching paradigm to supporting bursty traffic on the Internet efficiently. OBS separates burst level and control level. To handle data burst efficiently, the scheduling schemes in optical burst switching systems must keep track of future resource availability when assigning arriving data bursts to wavelength channels. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of three scheduling schemes which are called Horizon, Single-gap and Multiple-gap, as a basic study for the future research of Optical Internet. Thus, firstly, we analyze the trade-off between the performance and the processing overhead of each scheme. In addition, the performance of OBS system which uses Multiple-gap scheduling is evaluated in detail under various network size. We use simulation for performance evaluation in terms of burst loss rate(BLR), wavelength channel utilization and the number of management data.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.387-393
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• 2014

Recurrent gap times are analyzed with diverse methods under several assumptions such as a marginal model or a frailty model. Several resampling techniques have been recently suggested to estimate the covariate effect; however, these approaches can be applied with a time-fixed covariate. According to simulation results, these methods result in biased estimates for a time-varying covariate which is often observed in a longitudinal study. In this paper, we extend a resampling method by incorporating new weights and sampling scheme. Simulation studies are performed to compare the suggested method with previous resampling methods. The proposed method is applied to estimate the effect of an educational program on traffic conviction data where a program participation occurs in the middle of the study.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.136-141
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• 2000

A study of counter-current two-phase flow in narrow rectangular channels has been performed. Two-phase flow regimes were experimentally studied in 760 mm long and 100 mm wide test sections with 2.0 and 3.0mm gaps. The resulting data have been compared to previous transition models. For the transition from bubbly to slug flow the superficial velocity of gas increased as the gap width increased. The comparison of experimental data to the transition model developed by Taitel and Barnea showed relatively good agreement for the bubbly-to-slug transition in the case of 2mm gap width. For the criteria of Mishima and Ishii to be applicable to the slug-to-churn transition the distribution parameter should be well defined for narrow channels. Even though the gap width of narrow channels increased the superficial gas velocity did not change for the transition form chum to annular flow regime. For the chum-to-annular transition the model of Taitel and Barnea showed discrepancies with experimental data, especially in the channel with larger gap.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2002

The effect of diurnal cycle, intermittent visit of observation satellite, sensor installation, partial coverage of remote sensing, heterogeneity of soil properties and precipitation to the soil moisture estimation error were analyzed to present the global sampling strategy of soil moisture. Three models, the theoretical soil moisture model, WGR model proposed Waymire of at. (1984) to generate rainfall, and Turning Band Method to generate two dimensional soil porosity, active soil depth and loss coefficient field were used to construct sufficient two-dimensional soil moisture data based on different scenarios. The sampling error is dominated by sampling interval and design scheme. The effect of heterogeneity of soil properties and rainfall to sampling error is smaller than that of temporal gap and spatial gap. Selecting a small sampling interval can dramatically reduce the sampling error generated by other factors such as heterogeneity of rainfall, soil properties, topography, and climatic conditions. If the annual mean of coverage portion is about 90%, the effect of partial coverage to sampling error can be disregarded. The water retention capacity of fields is very important in the sampling error. The smaller the water retention capacity of the field (small soil porosity and thin active soil depth), the greater the sampling error. These results indicate that the sampling error is very sensitive to water retention capacity. Block random installation gets more accurate data than random installation of soil moisture gages. The Walnut Gulch soil moisture data show that the diurnal variation of soil moisture causes sampling error between 1 and 4 % in daily estimation.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.1779-1785
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• 2010

The experiment is designed to create some useful data on the dressed shapes that contribute to simulating the adaptability of clothes. We studied the dressed shapes of blouse with above-elbow sleeves and sleeveless according to five types of arm movement (basic posture, reach forward 45, 90, and reach lateral 45, 90) in the stand-posture. Experiments were conducted to understand the dressed shape through 3-D measurement Vivid 910 and to investigate the width, depth, area distribution and gap of the shape of blouses on the section map with a software program for 3-D shape analysis, Rapid Form 2004. The Data were analyzed by factor analysis. The results of this study are as follows: The ratio of depth per width in the stand-posture was lower than other arm movements and the reach lateral was higher than the reach forward. The gap of the upper body was a briefed 4 factor; front, front-side, back, and back-side. It was higher than the sleeveless with a change of the gap in the dressed blouse with above-elbow sleeves by arm movements per stand-posture. The divisional gap shows the adaptability of clothes according to the types of blouse and arm movements in the change of the ratio.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2013

Purpose - This pilot study explores the gap between venture capitalists and young business graduates in Pakistan. Though the young graduates remain enthusiastic about choosing entrepreneurship as a profession, their success is subject to financial constraints. Research design, data, methodology - We administered a Likert-scale based questionnaire to 200 business graduates from June to July 2012, and interviewed ten venture capitalists from Islamabad and Lahore-two highly business oriented cities of Pakistan-to collect the data. The survey participation was on a voluntary basis without any financial sponsorship. Findings- There is a communication gap between the two parties (venture capitalists and business graduates), and a lack of trust in the entrepreneurial education and training offered in the educational institutions in Pakistan. The study, however, reveals the leading role of the Government in reducing this gap through certain measures. Conclusions - Some measures that can reduce the gap between venture capitalists and young graduates are: association of business schools with industry; financial institutions'initiatives to financially support the small and medium level projects of the economics and business students during their studies; establishment of placement bureaus in the business schools; and organization of regular open houses in the universities.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2019

For machine learning techniques, a large amount of high-quality material property data should be accumulated. In this study, several data for an alumina tape casting process were produced with the variables of slurry viscosity, gap size, and coating speed. The alumina tapes were manufactured in the range of 1,000~6,000 cps for slurry viscosity, $300{\sim}1,000{\mu}m$ for gap size, and 0.5~2.0 m/min for coating speed. As a result, the lower the viscosity, coating speed, and gap size, the more pore-free tapes could be manufactured. The viscosity of the slurry limited the minimum thickness of the tape. Green sheets with high packing density were manufactured from the slurry of 100~6,000 cps slurry viscosity, coating speed of 0.5 m/min, and a $300{\sim}500{\mu}m$ gap size.