• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 1992

A 27 years old male developed right-sided massive, recurrent, pleural transudate. EKG and echocardiogram showed right ventricular hypertropy. Chest X-ray and concurrent perfusion lung scan, performed after enough expansion of the right lung by drainage of the effusion through small cathter, showed that perfusion defect mismatched with the roentgenographic defect, which was likely to be a high probability of pulmonary thromboembolism. By cardiac catherization and pulmonary angiography the occlusion of pulmonary veins drained from the upper and middle lobe of the right lung could be revealed. More precise cause of occlusion couldn't be clear up because thoracotomy had to have been dangerous due to severe pulmonary hypertension. So the massive reurrent effusion was treated by repeated tetracycline instilations through chest tube and he was discharged. After following up 14 months at out-patient clinic, he expired because of sudden massive hemoptysis.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.330-340
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• 2016

Objective: The outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) started in South Korea in May 2015 and the end of crisis was declared in December 2015 by Korea Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). However, Zika virus emerged in less than 2 months following MERS and showed higher mortality than other countries. This study is to assess the current prevention system of overseas infectious diseases, based on MERS and Zika virus outbreak and to suggest effective response system for the future. Methods: We conducted two surveys on medical specialists working at tertiary general hospitals regarding the effectiveness of responding system by KCDC against MERS and Zika virus and education in individual medical institutions using 5-Likert points. Response system was examined in three different periods as initial period, spreading period, and post disease period. Results: Although medical specialists received the notifications in initial period, no practical prevention was proven to be placed in responding stage by medical facilities (averagely 3.5/5 points in total and sub-analyses). During spreading period, there were several academic seminars conducted, which were evaluated as helpful. In post disease period, all answered that there were changes on patient treatment in all medical facilities, with mainly report system and the treatment regulations in case of suspicious patients for infection. Only 49% respondents answered positive on the possibility of initial responses. For questionnaire items regarding Zika virus, all answered that there were notifications prior to the first outbreak of the infected patient. Eighty% of respondents were aware of 'the Guideline system for traveling to dangerous areas', and answered that the system was moderately effective (averagely 3.8/5 points in total). For the effectiveness of prevention measures for foreign novel disease by KCDC, the average point was 3.0 in both of total and sub-analyses. Conclusion: There is not enough response system to prevent infectious disease in medical institutional and governmental levels in Korea. It would warrant the modification of overall medical system to improve preventive measures for initial spread of such diseases.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.2 no.4 s.8
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• pp.99-106
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• 2001

Construction workers occupies only $10{\%}$ of the entire industry, but the $30{\%}$ of the critical accidents in whole industry occurs in construction industry. Since there are many dangerous process and lack of safety information measures in the construction industry, both short and long term operation in education, training, and information are necessary. Examples for existing accidents in construction sites will be very useful for preventing accidents. And if the research for individual accidents perfectly achieved, it will give valuable information to construction sites which will be very useful for preventing accidents. The object of this study is to develop construction safety information system to give safety information to construction process by work field. The data base are made from 860 major accidents mostly in buildings and apartments in year 1999 through 2000(KOSHA).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.115-155
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• 2000

Nawadays LNG has been beginning to take the place of petroleum as fuel all over the world and VLCC tankers of LNG will take the same sea routes that had been used by VLCC tankers of petroleum in the last pat of he 20th century. The transportation of LNG by a VLCC include more dangerous nature of sea peril than that of petroleum. We already know the dimensions of a disaster a LNG tanker could bring about in the case of the LNG tanker, Yuyo-Maru No. 10 in the Tokyo Bay of Japan in 1974. From the point of safety when we construct a LNG base or LNG pier in the base, the appropriate government authority and constructing company had better take sea pilots or some ships handling experts to participate in a prior consultation of the design of the project. A G/T 100,000 ton LNG base and pier were completed in November of 1996 in Inchon harbour in Korea and LNG VLCC tankers of G/T 100,000 ton class have been entering into the base ever since. This study was started and completed to comply with the requisition of the Sea Pilot Association of Inchon harbour in advance of the opening of the LNG base. As the entrance and exit channels leading to Inchon harbour were constructed in the years of 1930s, it was one of the most pressing works for Inchon sear pilots in 1996 to certify the method of safe passing maneuvering of a G/T 100,000 ton LNG tanker through the Pudo narrow channel prior to commercing actual piloting of the LNG VLCC tanker. The author made some mathematical models computing maneuvering of a vessel changing her course with her control surface through a narrow channel and computed maneuvering of a G/T 100,000 ton LNG tanker and also made maneuvering simulations of the vessel by a desk-top simulator. The results of computations and simulations are well coincided with each other in qualitative aspects to assure safe passing of the LNG VLCC.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.574-588
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• 2009

Although much research has been conducted in the area of authentication in wireless networks, vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) pose unique challenges, such as real-time constraints, processing limitations, memory constraints, frequently changing senders, requirements for interoperability with existing standards, extensibility and flexibility for future requirements, etc. No currently proposed technique addresses all of the requirements for message and entity authentication in VANETs. After analyzing the requirements for viable VANET message authentication, we propose a modified version of TESLA, TESLA++, which provides the same computationally efficient broadcast authentication as TESLA with reduced memory requirements. To address the range of needs within VANETs we propose a new hybrid authentication mechanism, VANET authentication using signatures and TESLA++ (VAST), that combines the advantages of ECDSA signatures and TESLA++. Elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) signatures provide fast authentication and non-repudiation, but are computationally expensive. TESLA++ prevents memory and computation-based denial of service attacks. We analyze the security of our mechanism and simulate VAST in realistic highway conditions under varying network and vehicular traffic scenarios. Simulation results show that VAST outperforms either signatures or TESLA on its own. Even under heavy loads VAST is able to authenticate 100% of the received messages within 107ms. VANETs use certificates to achieve entity authentication (i.e., validate senders). To reduce certificate bandwidth usage, we use Hu et al.'s strategy of broadcasting certificates at fixed intervals, independent of the arrival of new entities. We propose a new certificate verification strategy that prevents denial of service attacks while requiring zero additional sender overhead. Our analysis shows that these solutions introduce a small delay, but still allow drivers in a worst case scenario over 3 seconds to respond to a dangerous situation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.9 s.351
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• pp.135-141
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• 2006

In order to prevent traffic accident, it is very important that the driver regulates the location of rear view mirror using the automatic seat regulation system which guarantees the maximum vision of the possibility for accuracy. In order to solve this problem the paper deals with the automatic seat control system which guarantees comfortable and safe seating and good visual field. Also a automatic car seat control algorithm has been developed to regulate the back mirror. Particularly, the automatic seat control algorithm function for the air bag operation in case of an accident has been added depending on passengers weight. Moreover when the driver passes a dangerous area an algorithm has been developed which gives the driver a naming sign and has been simulated in a ubiquitous environment. The simulation result proved that the Intelligence analysis for traffic accidents can reduce franc accidents more than 25% than the currently existing methods.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.100-107
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• 2011

In this study, a simulated situation in which the visions of the evacuees were blocked by the smoke, which is one of the most dangerous factors that cause casualties in case of an emergency, was conducted for the evaluation of the performance of an evacuation guidance system. For this purpose, the behavior and time taken by the experiment subjects in simulated evacuation test were measured and analyzed. When the evacuation guidance sound signals were given by 4 speakers at the same time, most of the subject were disoriented and took generally longer in getting to the pre-designated evac point. And, using only one speaker instead of two showed a better result in terms of the evacuation behavior or and orientation. Also, when there were two or more speakers used for the broadcasting of the guidance message, it turned out that using Hass effect, and placing the speakers closer, could result in higher awareness of the guidance message and maintenance of the orientation, while it also made the subjects took short to get to the evac point.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.272-278
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• 2018

Recently, the use of hazardous chemicals has been continuously increasing. Therefore, the international trade volume is growing and chemical accidents have increased. Nowadays, the safety awareness of the public has increased. As a result, the management and supervision of hazardous chemicals have been strengthened. However, the port policy of Korea has focused on increasing the volume of cargo through facility development. Thus, the port management of hazardous chemicals has been relatively neglected. For national economic growth and society, the port management of hazardous chemicals should be considered to efficiently ensure safety and economic growth. Therefore, this study assumed scenarios where hazardous materials were moved in a dangerous container, not only on appropriate wharfs but also in ports that were close to a big city. The BTX substances were selected among the toxic chemicals with large import and export volumes, and the risk distance and damage effects were predicted using various risk assessment programs. It is expected that this could be used to improve a port safety management system and could be utilized to determine the safety distance in case of an accident.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.60-67
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• 2016

Falls are accidents that can happen throughout the overall period of human life and their results are very fatal and have a serious negative effect on individuals and society. In case of aged people, even though they live in places where dangerous risks of falls are prevalent, they cannot improve their residential environment for themselves. Therefore, this study intends to prove the effects of fall prevention education by providing fall prevention education to spatial design majoring students in order to improve their perception about the falls and fall prevention environments and their social responsibility as a designer. This study was designed as Quasi-experimental study, and 121 beginners to spatial design received the education. As a result, the effects of education was proved by showing improvements on their awareness about the fall risks, the importance of fall prevention environment and social responsibility as a designer. In addition, after the education students could know more about spatial elements for fall prevention and they specified the details of important environmental factors for fall prevention. Generally, fall prevention education has been given to aged people and this is a first example of fall prevention education that was given to younger generation. It is meaningful that fall prevention education has changed the awareness of the students to help them work in spatial environment design with a strong sense of responsibility as an expert of spatial designer in future.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.493-500
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• 2015

The importance of the air and vessel traffic control center is increasing rapidly after the recent accident of 'Sewol ferry'. Aviation, marine, and the logistics sectors are already using monitoring and control technology widely. However, the monitoring and control system for complex and dangerous construction sites operation has yet to be employed. A monitoring/control system is required for effective communication between the control center and the construction equipment fleet at a construction site, and also the exact role that notifies accurate process and identification of hazards on construction sites as needed. Therefore, this paper presents the study about communication between the construction equipment fleet and the control center through the comparison of air traffic, marine, and logistics control systems for the development of construction equipment fleet management system.