• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2023

Purpose : This study evaluated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and a virtual reality program on the depression, hand functions, cognitive function, and activities of daily living of patients with mild cognitive impairment by dividing 20 patients with mild cognitive impairment and depression. The 20 patients were divided into a treatment group (transcranial direct current stimulation + a virtual reality program) and a control group (placebo transcranial direct current stimulation + a placebo virtual reality program). Methods : This study allocated ten subjects to the treatment group and ten subjects to the control group. The treatment was given five times per week for six weeks (30 sessions), and each session was 30 minutes. This study screened depression by using SGDS-K, a short geriatric depression scale, to examine depression before and after treatment intervention. This study also used the box and block test, NCSE, and FIM to evaluate hand functions, cognitive function, and activities of daily living, respectively. Results : The results showed that depression significantly decreased, hand functions significantly increased, cognitive function significantly improved, and activities of daily living significantly increased after intervention in the treatment and control groups. The magnitude of changes in depression, hand functions, cognitive function, and activities of daily living was significantly different between the two groups after intervention (p>.05). Conclusion : The results showed that the application of transcranial direct current stimulation and a virtual reality program could improve cognitive function, hand functions, and activities of daily living by decreasing depression. Therefore, it can be concluded that the simultaneous application of transcranial direct current stimulation and a virtual reality program is an intervention method, which can be applied for decreasing depression, enhancing hand functions, improving cognitive function, and increasing activities of daily living in patients with mild cognitive impairment.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.424-432
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• 2010

이 연구는 노인의 여가스포츠 활동경험에 따른 일상생활수행능력 및 성공적노화의 차이를 비교, 분석하고 참가정도가 일상생활수행능력 및 성공적 노화에 미치는 직간접적인 영향을 규명하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 이 연구는 서울시에 거주하고 노인대학 및 노인복지관, 노인체육동호인조직에 소속된 65세 이상의 노인을 모집단으로 설정하고 유목적표집법을 활용하여 300명을 표집하였다, 그러나 실제 분석에 사용된 사례수는 여가스포츠 활동 참가자 162명, 비참가자 128명으로 총 290명이다. 요인분석결과 일상생활수행능력의 경우 수단적, 기본적 일상생활수행능력, 그리고 성공적노화의 경우 사회적, 심리적 노화의 하위요인이 도출되었다. 신뢰도는 일상생활수행능력 $\alpha$=.876이상, 성공적 노화 $\alpha$=.807이상으로 비교적 높게 나타났다. 통계분석 방법은 ANCOVA, 다중회귀분석, 경로분석의 통계기법이 활용되었다. 이상과 같은 연구방법 및 절차를 통하여 도출한 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노인의 여가스포츠 활동 참가경험에 따라 일상생활수행능력은 차이가 없다. 둘째, 여가스포츠 활동 참가노인이 비참가 노인에 비해 성공적 노화를 더 높게 성취한다. 셋째, 노인의 여가스포츠 참가강도가 높을수록 수단적 일상생활수행능력은 높다. 넷째, 노인의 여가스포츠 참가빈도가 많고 참가강도가 클수록 사회적인 성공적 노화, 그리고 참가빈도가 많고 참가기간이 길수록 심리적인 성공적 노화를 경험한다. 다섯째, 노인의 여가스포츠 활동 참가정도는 일상생활수행 능력 및 성공적 노화에 직간접적인 영향을 미친다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.492-512
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• 2002

본 연구는 최근 다변화되고 있는 초등학생의 일상생활 활동의 시간배분 구조 및 주요 일상생활 활동의 시 공간적 특성을 고찰하였다. 일상생활 활동의 시간배분 구조는 학교 활동, 과외 활동 그리고 가내 학습활동을 중심으로 매우 단조로운 패턴을 가지며, 여가 활동을 비롯한 기타 활동은 이들 활동간의 틈새 시간을 활용하는 부수적인 기능에 그치고 있다. 등 하교 통행 활동은 최근 맞벌이 부부 및 승용차 보급률의 증가 그리고 과외 및 오락 활동을 위한 각종 기능 시설의 증가에 따라 다변화되고 있다. 사설 학원 중심의 과외 활동은 시간과 통행 자율성의 제한으로 인해 과외 시설의 선정에 있어서는 거주지와의 접근성이 중요한 요인이 되고 있다. 여가 활동은 실내 놀이가 중심이며, 문제점으로는 여가 시간의 절대적 부족과 더불어 이들 여가 활동의 시 공간적 성격은 부모들의 여가활동에 대한 제도적 환경에 의하여 영향을 받고 있다는 점을 들 수 있다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.45-57
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• 2013

This study explores the types of daily routines in child care centers based on the time planned for indoor free choice activities, outdoor activities, group activities and nap/rest. The daily routine plans of 63 classes of 0 to 2-year-olds and 51 classes of 3 to 5-year-olds were cluster analyzed. Also, openness and closeness of child care programs as well as the most participated indoor/outdoor activities were examined using questionnaires developed for teachers. The results were as follows: First, teachers planned the most time for free play choice activity and comparatively less time for outdoor play during the day. Time for rest and naps were planned more for 0-2 year-olds whereas group activities were planned more for the 3-5 year-olds. Second, 3 daily routine types were found in the daily plans of child care centers, such as "Low-Activity Oriented," "Free Choice Activity Oriented" and "Group Activity Oriented" in 0 to 2-year-old classes and 3 to 5-year-old classes. Also, "Group Activity Oriented" type in 0 to 2-year-old classes showed more "closed" child care programs than the "Free Choice Activity Oriented" type. However, no difference was shown among the 3 types of daily routines in the openness and closeness of 3 to 5-year-old child care programs. Finally, all children, regardless of the types of daily routine, participated most in block activity and role play indoors and fixed-play equipment, sand play and free play outdoors.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2012

Background : The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data according to cognitive function, that will help activities of daily living of the elderly through the comparative study of activities daily living and functional training. Methods : The subjects of this study 122 patients 65 years old or more ADL and cognitive function assessment was evaluated. They were registered in the Elderly in nursing homes and welfare centers, located in Gyeonggi. All study participants had a sufficient explanation for the purposes of research and evaluation methods and procedures for the elderly. The survey period 17 October to 11 November 2011 was conducted through face-to-face survey was conducted. Results : Cognitive function according to the K-MMSE score of 24 points or more, 23 to 18 points, 17 points or less were classified. Ability to perform activities of daily living (personal hygiene, bathing, toilet use, stair climbing, dressing, stool control, urinary control, gait, chair/bed, etc.) according to the degree of cognitive function by evaluating the ability to perform daily living compared results in all variables were statistically significant (p<.5). Conclusion : As a result, the higher cognitive functions can be seen that the higher the ability to perform activities of daily living.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.386-391
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• 2012

The purposes of this study were to investigate the difference on activities of daily living(ADL), instrumental activities daily of living(IADL) and quality of life of aged woman with dementia reported by aged woman with dementia and caregivers. From December 2009 to February 2010, 64 subjects in the institutionalized aged woman with dementia, 22 caregivers were surveyed through structured questionnaires. There was no difference ADL and quality of life of aged woman with dementia reported by aged woman with dementia and caregivers. But, there was significant differences in IADL. Also, ADL was positively related to IADL in aged woman with dementia and caregivers. ADL and IADL were negatively related to quality of life in aged woman with dementia and caregivers. In daily activity and life quality, there is no difference recognized by aged woman with dementia and caregivers. So it's not matter for the nursery to recognize the demand of the aged woman with dementia and to care them. It is necessary to study the elderly with dementia at home, and to compare the patients in accordance with severity.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.247-261
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• 2001

This study was conducted to compare activities of daily living, fatigue and depression between rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy persons. The subjects consisted of 53 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 53 healthy persons at a university hospital in Daegu City. Data were collected by means of structured interviews with questionnaires from July 20, 1999 to August 25, 1999. The instrument used in this study were the activities of daily living scale developed by Katz et al. (1970) and Barthel(1973), Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue by Belza et al.(1995) and CES-D(Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression) scale. Analysis of data was done by use of descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation, Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, MANCOVA and Duncan with the SPSS program. The major findings are summarized as follows : 1. The first hypothesis that the rheumatoid arthritis patients will have a lower degree of activities of daily living than the healthy persons was supported (F=4.584, p=.035). 2. The second hypothesis that the rheumatoid arthritis patient will have a higher degree of fatigue than the healthy persons was supported (F=7.799, p=.006). 3. The third hypothesis that the rheumatoid arthritis patients will have a higher degree of depression than the healthy persons was supported (F=4.768, p=.031). With the above results, it can be concluded that rheumatoid arthritis patients had a lower degree of activities of daily living and a higher degree of fatigue and depression than the healthy persons. Therefore, by providing appropriate nursing intervention, activities of daily living would be much better and fatigue and depression would be alleviated.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2020

Purpose : The objective of the current study was to evaluate the impact of the Computer-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation Program (CoTras) on the cognitive function and daily living activities of elderly and adult stroke patients. Methods : Twenty stroke patients were divided into two groups comprising 10 elderly stroke patients and 10 adult stroke patients. The CoTras was applied as the intervention for 30 minutes at a time, three times a week, for nine weeks (i.e., a total of 27 times), to both groups. The Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination was used to assess cognitive function, and the Functional Independence Measure was utilized to evaluate daily living activities, prior to, during, and after the intervention. Results : The CoTras was demonstrated to have a statistically significant and positive effect on the cognitive function and daily living activities of stroke patients. However, the effect of the program on the restoration of weight-shifting capacity, as a component of the daily living activities of stroke patients, was without statistical significance. The program had a greater influence on improving the cognitive function and daily living activities of elderly stroke patients than adult stroke patients. Conclusion : This study makes a meaningful contribution to the literature on the topic as the intervention was demonstrated to lead to a more significant recovery of cognitive function and daily living activities in elderly stroke patients, compared to adult patients. Therefore, it is proposed that the CoTras should be used as a clinical intervention for elderly stroke patients. Future studies that evaluate the application of the CoTras, along with other occupation-based intervention programs, are warranted.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2006

This study evaluated 26 elderly residents living independently in 4 group homes for their abilities in daily living and analyzed their behaviors of space occupancy and activities of daily living. The aim of the study was to identify the relationships between the physical environments of the group homes and the daily activities of the residents. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1) Most residents in the group home considered bathing and cooking to be the most difficult of their living activities. The residents were categorized into "Independent," "Semi-dependent" and "Dependent" groups, on the basis of their ADL and IADL scores, and individual groups were examined. On ADL scorelt was shown, then, that 65.4% of the residents were was independent in ADL, but there was no any significant difference in IADL between the independent, semi-dependent and dependent groups. In addition, there was a difference in ADL and IADL among the groups. The independent group's residents were shown to be independent in ADL and IADL, whereas the but those of the semi-dependent and dependent groups' residents were lower in IADL than in ADL. 2) When their behaviors of space occupancy were examined, it appeared that the independent group showed a different space sharing pattern among individual residents, with a wide range of behavior of space occupancy. Meanwhile, The semi-dependent group mostly shared a common space with simple activities of daily living while no any service low leisure program was provided. However, the dependent group mainly consisted of residents who had a low level of independence in ADL and IADL, so that their behaviors of space occupancy were entirely negative.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2021

Purpose : There is a lack of research on this field in the Republic of Korea, especially those that have seen the effect of interaction between transcranial direct current stimulation and computerized cognitive rehabilitation therapy. This study divided 30 dementia patients into a treatment group, which received transcranial direct current stimulation and computerized cognitive rehabilitation, and a control group, which received pseudo-transcranial direct current stimulation and pseudo-computerized cognitive rehabilitation. This study evaluated the effects of these treatments on the visual perception, cognition functions, and daily activities of dementia patients. Methods : Fifteen subjects were allocated to the treatment group and the other 15 subjects were allocated to the control group. Treatments were given at intervals of five sessions per week (30 minutes per session) for six weeks (30 times in total). This study used the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination (NCSE) to examine cognitive functions, MVPT to evaluate visual perception, and FIM to test daily living activities before and after applying the treatments. Results : The results of this study showed that cognitive functions, visual perception, and daily living activities significantly (p<.05) improved after the intervention in the treatment group and the control group. The changes in cognitive functions, visual perception, and daily living activities due to the treatments were significantly different between the groups (p<.05). Conclusion : The results indicated that transcranial direct current stimulation and computerized cognitive rehabilitation therapy improved visual perception and daily living activities by increasing cognitive functions. Consequently, it was found that the simultaneous application of transcranial direct current stimulation in conjunction with a computerized cognitive rehabilitation program was an intervention method that could positively affect the visual perception, cognitive function, and daily living activities of dementia patients. Based on the results of this study, the study of arbitration protocols for demential will have to be more active.