• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2000

B-ISDN의 가입자망 내에 도입된 광대역 액세스 망은 다양한 유형의 가입자들을 서비스 노드로 집선 또는 다중화하는 기능을 수행한다. 가입자망의 연결 및 호 처리를 위한 프로토콜로는 DSS2, 국간 망에서는 B-ISUP이 표준화되어 있으며, 액세스 망의 ATM 연결을 동적으로 제어하기 위한 VB5.2 인터페이스의 프로토콜로는 B-BCC와 B-ANCC가 있다. 전송 시스템 각 구간마다 서로 다른 프로토콜들이 사용되므로 이들 프로토콜의 연동 기능이 필요하며, 이를 위하여 순차형 연동 모델과 병렬형 연동 모델이 제안되어 있다. ITU-T에서 권고되어 있는 순차형 연동 모델은 VB5.2 인터페이스 프로토콜의 응답이 올 때까지 기다린 후, 국간 중계망 프로토콜의 연동을 진행하는 순차형 방식으로 동작하므로, 액세스 망의 도입으로 인한 연결 설정 지연이 길어지는 단점이 있다. 병렬형 연동 모델은 VB5.2 인터페이스 프로토콜과 국간 중계망 프로토콜의 연동을 동시에 진행하는 병렬형 방식을 사용하여 연결 설정 시의 지연을 최소화하였다. 본 논문에서는 CBR 및 VBR 연결들에 대한 순차형 및 병렬형 연동 모델의 성능 분석과 시뮬레이션을 수행하여, 연동 방식과 VB5.2 인터페이스의 연결 제어 프로토콜이 연결 설정 지연과 완료비에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제20권44호
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• pp.217-227
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• 1997

There are six perspectives of fit in strategy research, each implying distinct theoretical meaning and requiring the use of specific analytical schemes. But there is a few literature of the perspective in the discipline of Organizational Decision-Making and DSS. This study is a prior research which objective is to investigate the perspective of fit emprically in the discipline. The data were collected throughout the sampled business firms with premade questionaire and analysis were conducted with correlation analysis, regression, ANOVA and so forth. The research finding is that both predictors, one of which can be the moderator, influence the performance, and that the joint-effect of them influence the performance. Thus,'Fit as Moderation' would be suggested to be a proper model for the research in the discipline of Organizational Decision-Making and Decision Support Systems.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2001년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.497-500
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• 2001

Constructed wetlands are among the recently proven efficient technologies for wastewater treatment. Compared to conventional treatment systems, constructed wetlands are low cost, are easily operated and maintained. Constructed wetlands are particularly sensitive to Nonp oint source pollution(NPSP) because they function as pollutant sinks. The objectives of this study were to review the necessary contents of survey and design factors for constructing constructed wetlands and develop a modified DSS-WQMRA model for design of constructed wetlands. From the results of the case studies, in order to attain BOD target water quality, 0.27%(SF), 0.66%(FWS) wetland area of the total basin is needed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2006

전염증성 사이토카인의 분비를 조절하는 전사인자인 NF-${\kappa}B$는 염증성 장질환 환자의 대장 점막에서 발현이 증가되어 있다고 보고하고 있으며 이를 억제하여 대장의 염증을 억제하려는 연구가 진행 중이다. 루테올린은 다양한 한약제에 포함되어 있는 플라보노이드 중 하나로 항염증 및 항산화작용이 있다고 알려져 있으며 LPS 자극된 대식세포에서 TNF-${\alpha}$ 분비의 억제 뿐만 아니라 전사인자인 NF-kB의 발현을 억제하여 항염증작용을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 DSS을 이용한 염증성 장질환 모델에서 루테올린의 장염의 치료효과를 보고자 하였다. C57BL/6 NF-${\kappa}B^{EGFP}$ 쥐에게 2.5% DSS를 투여하여 장염을 유발하였으며 치료군(n=6)에서는 매일 루테올린(1 mg/kg, vol 0.1 ml)을 비위관을 통해 경구투여 하였으며, 비치료군(n=6)에서는 매일 같은 양의 vehicle(vol 0.1 ml)를 투여하여 정상대조군(n=6)과 비교하였다. 실험 기간 동안 질병활성도를 기록하였으며, 투약 6일 후 모든 쥐를 희생하여 대장을 분리하여 길이를 측정하고, 조직검사를 시행하였다. 또한 대장점막조직을 배양하여 m IL-12 p40의 분비를 측정하였고, 공초점 형광현미경하에서 EGFP 발현의 정도를 관찰하였다. 질병의 활성도의 관찰에서 치료군에서 2.7점, 비치료군에서 2.5점으로 양군 사이에 유의한 차이가 없어 루테올린에 대한 장염예방효과는 없었다. 또한 치료군과 비치료군에서 대장점막의 m IL-12 p40의 분비 각각 $535.2{\pm}198.2pg/ml$, $412.5{\pm}48.2pg/ml$ 로 양군 사이의 차이는 없었다. 흥미롭게도 EGFP 발현은 치료군에서 오히려 높게 나타났으며, 공초점 형광현미경관찰에서 대부분의 고유근층하 대식세포에서 증가되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로 루테올린의 경구 투여는 DSS 유발 염증성 장질환 모델에서 대장 점막 염증을 억제하는 대체 요법으로써의 치료효과는 관찰할 수 없었으며, 향후 항염증작용이 있다고 알려져있는 플라보노이드 물질의 개발에 신중함이 있어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

제조 혁신을 위한 스마트 팩토리의 구현을 위하여 점차 디지털 트윈이 많이 개발되고 또 적용될 것이다. 특히 개발된 디지털 트윈에 대하여 시뮬레이션 및 최적화 분석을 실시함으로써 설비의 예지보전과 같은 중요한 의사결정을 지원할 수 있다. 본 연구는 사용자 관점에서 이러한 분석을 지원하는 체계인 디지털 트윈 관리시스템(DTMS: Digital Twin Management System)의 개념적 구조를 제시한다. 디지털 트윈은 다양한 분석 모듈과 데이터 등으로 매우 복잡하게 구성되어 있다. 스마트 팩토리가 진행될수록 디지털 트윈의 관리는 더욱 어려워지게 될 것이다. 따라서 이를 체계적으로 관리를 가능하게 하는 DTMS가 필요하다. 본 연구는 DTMS의 개발을 위하여 제조공학, 의사결정지원시스템, 그리고 최적화 분야에서 제시된 이론 및 체계들을 문제 해결 관점에서 통합한다. 그리고 제시된 프레임워크의 현실적용 가능성을 보이기 위하여 DTMS를 디스플레이 제조공정에 적용해 본다. 본 연구에서 제시된 DTMS는 전형적인 DSS(Decision Support System) 구조를 띤다. 즉 DTMS는 대화관리시스템, 모델관리시스템, 그리고 데이터관리시스템 등과 같은 3개의 서브시스템과 분석용 디지털 트윈 및 최적화 툴로 구성된다. 본 연구를 통하여 제시한 DTMS는 스마트 펙토리를 지향하는 경쟁력이 있으며 복잡한 산업 영역에 적용될 수 있다. 학문적으로는 새로운 시각에서 디지털 트윈의 분석을 조명한 것으로 추후 연구의 방향을 제시했다는 점에서 의미가 있다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Sophorae radix pharmacopuncture(SRP) therapy on the Chunchu($ST_{25}$) on intestinal disease in rats with dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis. Methods : The experimental model of colitis was induced by an infection of DSS for fifteen days. After colitis was induced, SRP therapy was practiced on the Chunchu($ST_{25}$) once every three days for a total of five times. Afterward, colon length, damage to the colonic mucosa, complete blood count, aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine transferase(ALT), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 were measured. Results : The results were obtained as below. 1. Colon length was significantly increased in the SRP group 2 compared to the control group. 2. Damage of colonic mucosa was observed less in the SRP groups than in the other groups. 3. The mean rates of white blood cell(WBC), neutrophils and lymphocytes were significantly increased in SRP group 2 compared to the control group. 4. The mean rates of HGB and hematocrit(HCT) were significantly increased in the SRP compared to the control group. 5. No significant differences were shown in AST, ALT, BUN and Creatinine between the SRP groups and the control group. 6. The mean rate of TNF-${\alpha}$ was significantly decreased in the SRP groups compared to the control group. 7. The mean of IL-6 was significantly decreased in the SRP groups compared to the control group. Conclusions : These results indicated that SRP therapy on Chunchu($ST_{25}$) functions as a treatment to the dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.627-637
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• 2023

Background: Damage to the healthy intestinal epithelial layer and regulation of the intestinal immune system, closely interrelated, are considered pivotal parts of the curative treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Plant-based diets and phytochemicals can support the immune microenvironment in the intestinal epithelial barrier for a balanced immune system by improving the intestinal microecological balance and may have therapeutic potential in colitis. However, there have been only a few reports on the therapeutic potential of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PENs) and the underlying mechanism in colitis. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of PENs from Panax ginseng, ginseng-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (GENs), in a mouse model of IBD, with a focus on the intestinal immune microenvironment. Method: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of GENs on acute colitis, we treated GENs in Caco2 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and analyzed the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Furthermore, we further examined bacterial DNA from feces and determined the alteration of gut microbiota composition in DSS-induced colitis mice after administration of GENs through 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Result: GENs with low toxicity showed a long-lasting intestinal retention effect for 48 h, which could lead to effective suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 production through inhibition of NF-κB in DSS-induced colitis. As a result, it showed longer colon length and suppressed thickening of the colon wall in the mice treated with GENs. Due to the amelioration of the progression of DSS-induced colitis with GENs treatment, the prolonged survival rate was observed for 17 days compared to 9 days in the PBS-treated group. In the gut microbiota analysis, the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidota was decreased, which means GENs have therapeutic effectiveness against IBD. Ingesting GENs would be expected to slow colitis progression, strengthen the gut microbiota, and maintain gut homeostasis by preventing bacterial dysbiosis. Conclusion: GENs have a therapeutic effect on colitis through modulation of the intestinal microbiota and immune microenvironment. GENs not only ameliorate the inflammation in the damaged intestine by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines but also help balance the microbiota on the intestinal barrier and thereby improve the digestive system.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2008

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the cause-effect and dynamic change mechanism among factors that affect calculation of the nursing workforce in the hemodialysis room and to establish a system dynamics model and create a strategic simulation to be used to increase efficiency in the clinical situation. Method: The system dynamics approach was adapted to build a simulation model for calculating the nursing workforce. The model was built using Vensim 5.0b DSS. Results: The results were as follows for Scenario A: The highest level of nursing service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse satisfaction, and the lowest level of turnover intention is maintained when the ratio of patients to nurse is 3.5:1 compared to all other situations. Scenario B: At the ratio of patients to nurse 4.0:1 nursing service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse satisfaction dropped slightly, and turnover intention also rose slightly. However with time the results showed improvement. Conclusion: In terms of economic efficiency in the hemodialysis room, the ratio of patients to nurse for the best nursing workforce should not exceed 4.0:1.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.47-71
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is the examination of validity of data as well as simulation model, i.e. to simulate the real data in the SD model with the least error using the adjustments for the faithful reflection of real data to the simulation. In general, SD programs (e.g. VENSIM) utilize the Euler or Runge-Kutta method as an algorithm. It is possible to reflect the trend of real data via these two estimation methods however can cause the validity problem in case of the simulation requiring the accuracy as they have endogenous errors. In this article, the future population estimated by the Korea National Statistical Office (KNSO) to 2050 is simulated by the aging chain model, dividing the population into three cohorts, 0-14, 15-64, 65 and over cohorts by age and offering the adjustments to them. Adjustments are calculated by optimization with three different methods, optimization in EXCEL, manual optimization with iterative calculation, and optimization in VENSIM DSS, the results are compared, and at last the optimal adjustment set with the least error are found among them. The simulation results with the pre-determined optimal adjustment set are validated by methods proposed by Barlas (1996) and other alternative methods. It is concluded that the result of simulation model in this research has no significant difference from the real data and reflects the real trend faithfully.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5587-5592
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• 2014

Aloe-emodin (AE), a natural anthraquinone compound, has been reported to exhibit anticancer activity in various cancer cell lines and anti-inflammatory effects in murine macrophages. In the present study, we investigated the cancer chemopreventive effects of AE in an Apc-deficient Min mouse model. In the first experiment, male Min mice were fed a basal diet or diets containing 5 ppm AE and 10 ppm AE for 12 weeks. The dietary administration of 5 ppm AE significantly reduced the number of colorectal tumors. In a second experiment, we investigated the effects of AE on colitis-related colon carcinogenesis in Min mouse treated with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Female Min mice were administered 1% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days. AE was given to mice in their diet at a dose of 5 or 50 ppm for 5 weeks. Feeding with AE significantly reduced the number of colorectal tumors. When proliferation of cells in normal-appearing colonic mucosa was assessed by monoclonal anti-rat Ki-67 antibody (MIB-5) immunohistochemistry in experiments 1 and 2, the AE treatment significantly decreased the mean MIB-5-labeling index. These results suggest that the dietary administration of low-dose AE may have chemopreventive effects against development of colorectal tumors in Min mice, possibly in part by reducing cell proliferation in colorectal mucosa.