• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.168-168
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• 2017

Drought conditions during cultivation reduce agricultural production yield less than a theoretical maximum yield under normal condition. Plant specific NAC transcription factors in rice are known to play an essential roles in stress resistance transcriptional regulation. In this study, we report the rice (Oryza sativa L japonica) NAM, AFTF and CUC transcription factor OsNAC17, which is predominantly induced by abiotic stress in leaf, was contribute to the drought tolerance mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in transgenic rice plants. Constitutive (PGD1) promoter was introduced to overexpress OsNAC17 and produced the transgenic PDG1:OsNAC17. Overexpression of OsNAC17 throughout the whole plant improved drought resistance phenotype at the vegetative stage. Morphological characteristics such as grain yield, grain filling rate, and total grain weight improved by 22~64% over wild type plants under drought conditions during the reproductive stage. The improved drought tolerance in transgenic rice was involved in reducing stomatal density up to 15% than in wild type plants and in increasing reactive oxygen species-scavenging enzyme. DEG profiling experiment identified 119 up-regulated genes by more than twofold (P<0.01). These genes included UDP-glycosyltransferase family protein, similar to 2-alkenal reductase (NADPH-dependent oxireductase), similar to retinol dehydrogenase 12, Lipoxygenase, and NB-ARC domain containing protein related in cell death. Furthermore, OsNAC17 was act as a transcriptional activator, which has an activation domain in C-terminal region. These result demonstrate that the overexpression of OsNAC17 improve drought tolerance by regulating ROS scavenging enzymes and by reducing stomatal density

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제106권4호
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• pp.397-407
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• 2017

본 연구는 현재 국내에서 조경수 및 가로수로 이용되고 있는 상록활엽수들 중 Cinnamomum camphora Sieb., Camellia japonica L., Quercus glauca Thunb., Machilus thunbergii., Dendropanax morbifera LEV., Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq.., Raphiolepis indica var. umbellata (Thunb.) Ohashi. 등 7 수종에 대해서 내건성을 비교분석하기 위해 진행되었다. 수종별 내건성을 분석하기 위하여 2016년 9월 5일~10월 5일까지 30일간 무관수 처리하였고 5일 간격으로 수종별 건중량, 잎의 상대함수량, 상대수분손실량, 전해질 용출 등을 측정하여 내건성을 비교하였다. 4가지 측정방법으로 비교한 결과 C. japonica > R. indica > Q. glauca > M. thunbergii, D. morbifera > D. macropodum > C. camphora 순으로 내건성이 강한 것으로 나타났다. 비선형 회귀분석의 로지스틱 모델을 사용하여 수종별 건조처리에 따른 치사기간을 분석한 결과 22.7~37.6일의 범위로 측정되었으며, C. japonica 37.6일, R. indica 36.8일, Q. glauca 35.3일, M. thunbergi 31.0일 등으로 30일 이상으로 높은 내건성을 보인 반면, C. camphora 22.7일, D. morbifera 27.5일, D. macropodum 22.8일로 수분결핍에 따른 건조저항성이 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 즉, 상록활엽수 7수종 중 C. japonica, R. indica, Q. glauca는 수분스트레스에 저항하는 적응력을 보였기에 시기를 조정하여 식재하면 안정적인 가로수 조성이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.335-335
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• 2017

Recently NERICA (New Rice for Africa) was developed by a crossing of African rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) and Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) in West Africa, and is considered to be drought resistant, but drought resistance of NERICA and differences between Asian rice are not clarified enough. In this research, NERICA (four cultivars and two lines), Asian rice (three cultivars and sativa parent of NERICA) and African rice (glaberrima parent of NERICA) were cultivated in the field in Shizuoka University under drought and traits of each cultivar and line relevant to drought resistance, stomatal conductance by porometer, soil water content of individual depths by TDR method, SPAD values by SPAD meter and leaf thickness by micrometer, were measured and compared with dry matter production and yield. Effects of compost were also compared among sativa parent, one NERICA cultivar and two NERICA lines. Glaberrima parent showed highest top dry weight. One NERICA line, one drought resistant Asian rice cultivar and sativa parent, showed higher top dry weight and yield (ear weight) than other Asian rice cultivars and NERICA cultivars and line tested. Compost tended to increase top dry weight and yield in one of NERICA line and sativa parent. But in one NERICA cultivar and line, top dry weight and yield were not increased. In one of Asian rice, one of NERICA line and sativa parent that showed high top dry weight and yield, stomatal conductance was high. On the contrary the glaberrima parent and in other NERICA cultivars and line it was low. In sativa parent compost increased stomatal conductance but in NERICA cultivar and lines it was not. Among cultivars and lines that showed high top dry weight and yield sativa parent and one of NERICA line SPAD value and leaf thickness were high but in one of Asian rice and glaberrima parent they were low. Cultivar and line differences in yield and top dry weight among Asian rice and NERICA were significantly correlated with those in stomatal conductance ($r=0.778^{**}$ and $r=0.654^*$, respectively) and those in leaf thickness ($r=0.600^*$ and $r=0.640^*$, respectively). In Asian rice cultivars average soil water content was significantly correlated with yield ($r=0.886^*$) but in NERICA cultivars and lines it was not significant correlated (r= -0.256). Cultivar and line differences in leaf thickness were significantly correlated with SPAD value ($r=0.773^{**}$). In Asian rice cultivars it was significantly correlated ($r=0.962^{**}$), but in NERICA cultivars and lines it was not significantly correlated (r=0.559). Asian rice cultivars tended to consume soil water to increase yield but in NERICA cultivars and lines the tendency was not clear. Correlation between SPAD value and leaf thickness was different between Asian rice and NERICA cultivars and lines, and in Asian rice cultivars it was significantly correlated but in NERICA cultivars and lines it was not significant. Importance of maintaining high stomatal conductance by high leaf thickness was clarified.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제6권
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• pp.43-47
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• 1988

고추의 16개(個) 도입계통(導入系統)에 대(對)해서 내건성(耐乾性)을 알기 위(爲)하여 발식(鉢植)한 고추를 단수처리(斷水處理)하고 일정기간후(一定期間後)에 엽(葉)의 WSD치(値)를 측정(測定)해서 내건성(耐乾性)을 평가(評價)하였으며 성숙엽(成熟葉)의 기공밀도(氣孔密度)를 조사(調査)하여 WSD치(値)와의 상관(相關)을 구(求)하였다. WSD치(値)로부터 내건성(耐乾性)이 강한 계통(系統)의 순위(順位)는 No.3446, C. chaconce, Gogoshari, 팔방(八房)이였다. 성숙엽(成熟葉)의 기공밀도(氣孔密度)와 WSD치(値)와의 상관(相關)(r=0.581)이 인정(認定)되었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.209-220
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• 2013

Root colonization by Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 induces systemic drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Microarray analysis was performed using the 22,800-gene Affymetrix GeneChips to identify differentially-expressed genes from plants colonized with or without P. chlororaphis O6 under drought stressed conditions or normal growth conditions. Root colonization in plants grown under regular irrigation condition increased transcript accumulation from genes associated with defense, response to reactive oxygen species, and auxin- and jasmonic acid-responsive genes, but decreased transcription factors associated with ethylene and abscisic acid signaling. The cluster of genes involved in plant disease resistance were up-regulated, but the set of drought signaling response genes were down-regulated in the P. chlororaphis O6-colonized under drought stress plants compared to those of the drought stressed plants without bacterial treatment. Transcripts of the jasmonic acid-marker genes, VSP1 and pdf-1.2, the salicylic acid regulated gene, PR-1, and the ethylene-response gene, HEL, also were up-regulated in plants colonized by P. chlororaphis O6, but differed in their responsiveness to drought stress. These data show how gene expression in plants lacking adequate water can be remarkably influenced by microbial colonization leading to plant protection, and the activation of the plant defense signal pathway induced by root colonization of P. chlororaphis O6 might be a key element for induced systemic tolerance by microbes.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.248-255
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• 2010

We previously demonstrated that root colonization of the rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6, induced expression of a galactinol synthase gene (CsGolS1), and resulting galactinol conferred induced systemic resistance (ISR) against fungal and bacterial pathogens in cucumber leaves. To examine the role of galactinol on ISR, drought or high salt stress, we obtained T-DNA insertion Arabidopsis mutants at the AtGolS1 gene, an ortholog of the CsGolS1 gene. The T-DNA insertion mutant compromised resistance induced by the O6 colonization against Erwinia carotovora. Pharmaceutical application of 0.5 - 5 mM galactinol on roots was sufficient to elicit ISR in wild-type Arabidopsis against infection with E. carotovora. The involvement of jasmonic acid (JA) signaling on the ISR was validated to detect increased expression of the indicator gene PDF1.2. The T-DNA insertion mutant also compromised tolerance by increasing galactinol content in the O6-colonized plant against drought or high salt stresses. Taken together, our results indicate that primed expression of the galactinol synthase gene AtGolS1in the O6-colonized plants can play a critical role in the ISR against infection with E. carotovora, and in the tolerance to drought or high salt stresses.

• Mycobiology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.396-405
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• 2021

Cinnamomum migao plants often face different degrees of drought in karst habitats, which can lead to plants' death, especially in the seedling stage. Widespread of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in karst soils have the potential to address this drought, which is a threat to C. migao seedlings. We inoculated C. migao seedlings with spores from Glomus lamellosum and Glomus etunicatum, two AM fungi widely distributed in karst soils, to observe seedling growth response after simulated drought. Our results showed that 40 g of G. lamellosum and G. etunicatum significantly promoted the growth of C. migao seedlings, 120 days after inoculation. Following a 15-day drought treatment, root colonization of the seedlings with G. lamellosum or G. etunicatum had lower the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the accumulation of enzymes and osmotic substances in the seedlings. The relative water content in different organs (roots, stems, and leaves) of the drought-stressed seedlings was higher in plants with G. lamellosum or G. etunicatum than in plants without AM fungi colonization. Our results showed that inoculation with AM fungi was an effective means to improve the drought resistance of C. migao seedlings.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2004

In many organisms, trehalose has been Down as an energy source and a protectant against various environmental stresses such as desiccation, freezing, heat and osmotic pressure. Previously, we have isolated and characterized the genes encoding trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (ZrTPS1) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (ZrTPS2) from one of the most osmotolerant yeasts, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. We have also generated transgenic plants by co-introduction of ZrTPS2 and ZrTPS2 into potato plant (ZrTPS2-2A-ZrTPS1 plant) in an attempt to metabolically engineer trehalose in the transgenic plant using the foot-and-mouth disease virus(FMDV) 2A system and to generate drought resistant crop plants. In this research, we assayed previously generated the ZrTPS2-2A-ZrTPS1 plant biofunctionally by drought treatment, and measured the amount of trehalose in the ZrTPS2-2A-ZrTPS1 transgenic plants. The ZrTPS2-2A-ZrTPS1 transgenic plant showed strong drought resistance in spite of little or no accumulation of transgenic in he transgenic plant compared with control plant.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.311-323
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• 2023

Miscanthus sinensis Andersson (Poaceae) cultivars exhibit excellent visual appeal as ornamental grasses and adapt well to diverse environmental conditions. This study focused on assessing the growth response and landscape durability of seven popular Miscanthus cultivars ('Gold Breeze', 'Strictus', 'Morning Light', 'Variegatus', 'Gracillimus', 'Kleine Fontäne', 'Common') under drought, rainfall and low temperature condition. The test cultivars were transplanted and cultivated on research plots in 2013, with data collected from June 2017 to February 2018. Plant materials were categorized into three types based on the amount of the water lost; group I ('Kleine Fontäne', 'Variegatus', 'Strictus'), experiencing the most significant water loss; group II ('Common', 'Gracillimus'); and group III ('Gold Breeze', 'Morning Light') where the least water loss occurred. The drought resistance index (DRI) remained low as water shortage conditions persisted. The lodged angle underwent more pronounced changes in reproductive growth stage than in vegetative growth stage, notably decreasing after heading. Discoloration patterns were classified into two types: group I ('Common', 'Gold Breeze', 'Kleine Fontäne', 'Strictus') and group II ('Gracillimus', 'Morning Light', 'Variegatus') based on the periods of peak duration.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.114-117
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• 1984

경사휴에 의한 벼 품종간 내한발 포장검정방법의 가능성을 검토한 결과, 1. 경사휴 높이와 토양의 pf 치와는 Y=2.25+0.007 X(r=0.990${\ast}\;{\ast}$)의 관계였다. 2. 경사휴가 높아질수록 출수기는 지연되었고, 간장은 단축되었으며, 수량은 감소되었다. 그러한 정도는 품종간에 차이가 뚜렷하였다. 3. 출수 지연일수, 간장 단축률 및 수량 감소률에 의거 판정된 내한발성은 삼 남벼, 밀양26호, 진주벼, 농림나 1호는 강하였고, Knlb361-1-8-6-149는 약하였다.