• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2021

Lung cancer despite advancement in the medical field continues to be a major threat to human lives and accounts for a high proportion of fatalities caused by cancers globally. The current study investigated vanillin oxime, a derivative of vanillin, against lung cancer cells for development of treatment and explored the mechanism. Cell viability changes by vanillin oxime were measured using MTT assay. Vanillin oxime-mediated apoptosis was detected in A549 and NCI-H2170 cells at 48 h of exposure by flow cytometry. The CEBP homologous protein (CHOP) and death receptor 5 (DR5) levels were analysed by RT-PCR and protein levels by Western blotting. Vanillin oxime in concentration-dependent way suppressed A549 and NCI-H2170 cell viabilities. On exposure to 12.5 and 15 μM concentrations of vanillin oxime elevated Bax, caspase-3, and -9 levels in A549 and NCI-H2170 cells were observed. Vanillin oxime exposure suppressed levels of Bcl-2, survivin, Bcl-xL, cFLIP, and IAPs proteins in A549 and NCI-H2170 cells. It stimulated significant elevation in DR4 and DR5 levels in A549 and NCI-H2170 cells. In A549 and NCI-H2170 cells vanillin oxime exposure caused significant (p < 0.05) enhancement in CHOP and DR5 mRNA expression. Vanillin oxime exposure of A549 and NCI-H2170 cells led to significant (p < 0.05) enhancement in levels of phosphorylated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Thus, vanillin oxime inhibits pulmonary cell proliferation via induction of apoptosis through tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) mediated pathway. Therefore, vanillin oxime may be studied further to develop a treatment for lung cancer.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.709-715
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• 2015

메밀의 종자를 새싹채소로 개발하기 위하여 청색등(BL), 적색등(RL), 형광등(WL), 암실(DR)에서 새싹채소로 재배하여 수확한 후 각종 이화학적 특성을 연구하였다. 메밀 새싹채소의 수분 함량은 BL 95.75%, RL 90.77%, WL 95.65%, DR이 89.71%였다. 조회분 함량은 BL 0.37%, RL 0.31%, DR 0.39%, WL 0.39%로 조명에 따라 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 조단백질 함량은 RL 7.81%, DR 7.12%, BL 2.40%, WL 1.60%로 RL에서 가장 높았고 WL에서 가장 낮았다. 조지방 함량은 BL 0.54%, RL 0.35%, DR 1.12%, WL 0.22%로 DR에서 가장 높았고 WL에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 당도 측정은 RL과 BL에서 높았고 WL과 DR에서 낮게 나타났다. 클로로필 함량은 DR에서 자란 메밀 새싹채소의 총 클로로필 함량이 높았고 WL에서 자란 새싹채소에서 가장 낮았다. 비타민 C 함량 측정 결과 WL에서 자란 새싹이 가장 높았고 BL에서 자란 새싹에서 가장 낮았다. 무기질 분석 결과 B, Cu, Zn은 측정되지 않았고 Ca, K, Mg 및 P가 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 메밀의 종자를 다른 색깔의 LED 광조건 하에서 재배한 새싹채소는 이화학적 특성이 조명에 따라 차이가 나타났고, 특히 비타민 C와 무기질 함량등 영양소의 축적에 차이가 있는 것으로 평가되어 이들 새싹채소에 대한 수요가 높은 시점에서 건강에 충분히 도움을 줄 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.833-838
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• 2011

진단용 X선 기기는 다양한 장치의 개발에 힘입어 보다 효과적이고 정밀한 진단이 가능하게 되었다. 정밀 진단이 가능하게 되면서 X선 기기는 임상의학에 있어 가장 기본적이고 핵심적인 진단 장치로 자리 잡고 있다. X선을 이용한 영상획득 분야에서는 영상의 획득 시간 단축과 전송이 용이하고, 조사선량의 감소가 가능한 DR(Digital Radiography)의 사용이 확대되고 있다. 하지만 DR은 1개의 디텍터를 이용하는 구조로 되어있어 기존의 X선 장치와는 달리 구조적인 변경이 필요하며 촬영위치에 따라 디텍터를 원하는 위치까지 움직여야하는 단점을 가진다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 BLDC 모터와 PID 제어방식을 사용해 DR에서 가장 움직임이 많은 디텍터의 상하, 좌우, 회전의 3축 위치자동 제어 시스템을 설계 제작하고 그 성능을 평가 하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.1202-1206
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• 2008

본 연구에서 정상적인 baboon의 흉선조직 및 폐조직에서 HLA-DR과 PGP9.5항원에 대한 반응성을 나타내는 수지상세포 형태의 세포가 축적되는 것을 보았다. 하지만, 이런 세포들은 baboon 이 BPD즉 폐이형성증에 걸리게 되면 사라진다는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 140일 제태기간보다 125일 제태 기간을 보낸 미성숙 baboon이 HLA-DR을 가지는 세포가 더 많아 진다는 것을 관찰할 수 있었고 이로 인해 BPD동물모델을 구축하는데 125일 제태 기간을 보낸 동물이 훨씬 적합하다는 것을 알았다. 또한 bombesin의 항체인 2A11을 처리한 baboon (125d-14d/PRN)의 폐조직에서는 정상수준의 HLA-DR positive세포들이 관찰되었다. 더욱이, Baboon의 흉선으로부터 분리한 thymocyte로 bombesin에 대한 chemotaxis를 수행한 결과 세포이동 반응성을 보였다. 이러한 결과들은 생체 내 BLP들을 차단하면 BPD에 의해 야기된 폐이형성증을 막을 수 있고 2A11항체가 수동 면역제로 폐이형성증을 치료할 수 있는 치료제로써의 가능성을 제시하는 것이다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.552-555
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• 2004

Several studies have demonstrated the importance of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of hypertension. This study sought to determine the association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and essential hypertension in young Pakistanis. The frequency of the ACE I/D polymorphism was established by a comparative cross-sectional survey of Pakistani patients suffering from essential hypertension and ethnically matched normotensive controls. Samples were collected from tertiary care hospitals in northern Pakistan. Hypertensive individuals were defined as those with a systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg on three separate occasions, or those currently receiving one, or more, anti-hypertensive agents. DNA samples obtained from hypertensive (n=211) and normotensive (n=108) individuals were typed by PCR. The frequency of the ACE I/I genotype was significantly higher in hypertensive patients, aged 20-40 years, than in normotensive controls of the same age group ($\chi^2$ = 4.0, P = 0.041). Whereas no overall significant differences were observed between the I/I, I/D and D/D ACE genotypes (One way ANOVA, F=0.672; P=0.413). The association between the ACE I/I genotype and essential hypertension in individuals aged $\leq$ 40 years suggests that ACE has a role in early onset essential hypertension in Pakistan.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.409-414
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• 2008

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), a key player in cholesterol metabolism, has been shown to promote the transfer of triglycerides from very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) to high density lipoprotein (HDL) in exchange for cholesterol ester. Here we demonstrate that farnesoid X receptor ${\alpha}$ ($FXR{\alpha}$; NR1H4) down-regulates CETP expression in HepG2 cells. A $FXR{\alpha}$ ligand, chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), suppressed basal mRNA levels of the CETP gene in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Using gel shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, we found that $FXR{\alpha}$ could bind to the liver X receptor ${\alpha}$ ( $LXR{\alpha}$; NR1H3) binding site (LXRE; DR4RE) located within the CETP 5' promoter region. $FXR{\alpha}$ suppressed $LXR{\alpha}$-induced DR4RE-luciferase activity and this effect was mediated by a binding competition between $FXR{\alpha}$ and $LXR{\alpha}$ for DR4RE. Furthermore, the addition of CDCA together with a $LXR{\alpha}$ ligand, GW3965, to HepG2 cells was shown to substantially decrease mRNA levels of hepatic CETP gene, which is typically induced by GW3965. Together, our data demonstrate that $FXR{\alpha}$ down-regulates CETP gene expression via binding to the DR4RE sequence within the CETP 5' promoter and this $FXR{\alpha}$ binding is essential for $FXR{\alpha}$ inhibition of $LXR{\alpha}$-induced CETP expression.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.266-276
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• 2023

Purpose: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) may be genetically determined based on the secretor and Lewis status of the mother. This study aims to determine the HMO profile and the secretor and Lewis gene status of Indonesian lactating mothers. Methods: Baseline data of 120 mother-infant pairs between 0-4 months post-partum obtained from a prospective longitudinal study was used. The concentrations of 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL), lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3'-sialyllactose (3'SL), and 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) were measured. Genetic analysis was performed for mothers using targeted next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing. Wild-type AA with the rs1047781 (A385T) polymorphism was categorized as secretor positive, while heterozygous mutant AT was classified as a weak secretor. The presence of rs28362459 (T59G) heterozygous mutant AC and rs3745635 (G508A) heterozygous mutant CT genes indicated a Lewis negative status, and the absence of these genes indicated a positive status. Subsequently, breast milk was classified into various groups, namely Group 1: Secretor+Lewis+ (Se+Le+), Group 2: Secretor-Lewis+ (Se-Le+), Group 3: Secretor+Lewis-(Se+Le-), and Group 4: Secretor-Lewis- (Se-Le-). Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis rank tests, and a p-value of 0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results: A total of 58.3% and 41.7% of the samples had positive and weak secretor statuses, respectively. The proportion of those in Group 1 was 85%, while 15% were Group 3. The results showed that only 2'FL significantly differed according to the secretor status (p-value=0.018). Conclusion: All Indonesian lactating mothers in this study were secretor positive, and most of them had a Lewis-positive status.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제26권12B호
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• pp.1712-1723
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• 2001

이 논문은 5.8 GHz 대역 DSRC에 응용되는 듀플렉서의 구현을 위한 설계와 제조방법을 제시하였다. BZT계 유전테 첨가물을 제어하여 Q$\times$f$_{o}$ =30,000 이상인 원통형 유전체 공진기(DR)를 개발하였으며, 송수신 각 4단의 캐비티 필터 구성에 의해 DSRC에서 요구되는 f$_{o}$ $\pm$10 MHz의 대역폭에서 송신 40dB, 수신 50dB의 감쇠특성을 실현하였다. 시제품의 성능은 실측 결과 삽입손실이 다소 높은 것을 제외하고는 이론값에 잘 일치하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권13호
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• pp.5355-5358
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• 2014

Background: To assess the role of sonographic endometrial thickness and hysteroscopic polyp size in predicting premalignant and malignant polyps in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: A total of 328 postmenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding and thickened endometrium underwent operative hysteroscopy due to detection of endometrial polyps were included in this retrospective study. Preoperative endometrial thickness measured by transvaginal ultrasonography and polyp size on hysteroscopy were noted. Hysteroscopic resection with histology was performed for endometrial polyps. Endometrial thickness and polyp size were evaluated on the basis of final diagnosis established by histologic examination. Receiver operator characteristic curves were calculated to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of endometrial thickness and polyp size for detecting pemalignant and malignant polyps. Results: Premalignant and malignant polyps were identified in 26 (7.9%) of cases. Sonographic measurement showed a greater endometrial thickness in cases of premalignant and malignant polyps when compared to benign polyps. On surgical hysteroscopy, premalignant and malignant polyps were also larger. Endometrial thickness demonstrated a sensitivity of 53.8%, specificity of 85.8%, PPV of 24.6% and NPV of 95.6% at a cut-off limit of 11.5 mm with diagnostic accuracy of 83.2%. Polyp size has a diagnostic accuracy of 94.8% with a sensitivity of 92.3%, specificity of 95.0%, PPV of 61.5% and NPV of 99.3% at a cut-off point of 19.5mm. Conclusions: Endometrial thickness measured by transvaginal ultrasonography is not sufficient in predicting premalignant and malignant endometrial polyps in postmenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding and thickened endometrium. Polyp size on hysteroscopy is a more accurate parameter, because of better sensitivity and specificity. However, while polyp size ${\geq}19.5mm$ seems to have a great accuracy for predicting premalignancy and malignancy, histologic evaluation is still necessary to exclude premalignant and malignant polyps.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제47권12호
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• pp.1227-1237
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• 2014

이중편파레이더는 강수의 형태를 구분하고 대기 중의 기상 현상뿐만 아니라 비강수에코에 대한 정보를 제공하기 때문에 보다 정확한 강수량 추정을 가능하게 한다. 그러나 수직, 수평으로 진동하는 전파를 송 수신하여 생성되는 이중편파레이더 관측변수들은 레이더 자체가 갖는 시스템적 관측오차를 포함하기 때문에 정량적 강수량 추정을 위해서는 이에 대한 보정이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 2차원 영상우적계(2-Dimensional Video Disdrometer, 이하 2DVD) 관측 자료를 이용하여 비슬산 이중편파레이더가 갖는 Z, $Z_{DR}$ 관측오차를 계산한 후, 관측오차 보정에 따라 강수량이 정량적으로 얼마나 개선되는지를 살펴보았다. 총 33강수사례에 대한 분석결과, Z는 약-0.3~5.5 dB, $Z_{DR}$는 -0.1~0.6 dB의 관측오차를 가지며, 대부분의 사례에서 Z와 $Z_{DR}$는 모의된 값보다 낮게 관측하였다. 관측오차를 보정한 전 후 산출된 이중편파레이더 강수량 추정값을 지상관측 강우강도와 비교한 결과, 평균 bias와 RMSE는 각각 1.54 mm/hr, 1.73 mm/hr로 보정 전의 1.69 mm/hr, 2.54 mm/hr 보다 감소함으로써 지상우량계 관측값 대비 레이더 강수량 추정값이 약 7~61% 향상되었다.