• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.1371-1374
• /
• 2015

Background: Tongue cancer is one of the leading sites of cancer in our population. Aim: To evaluate the socio-demographic profiles and stages at diagnosis of oral tongue (OT) and base of tongue (BT) cancers, and identify any possible variations in characteristics. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on tongue cancer cases, divided into OT and BT, registered at the hospital cancer registry of North-East India during January 2010 to May 2013. Cases were analyzed for age, gender, residential status and different levels of education for patients, the stage at diagnosis and presence of distant metastasis. Results: A total of 1,113 cases of tongue cancers were registered, 846(76.1%) of BT and 267(23.9%) of OT. While 33.9% of BT cancer patients were above 65 years of age, the figure for OT cancers was 18.4%, stages III and IV accounting for 90.8% and 77%, respectively. The relative risk for distant metastasis in OT cancers was 3.3 (95% CI 1.08-10.1, p=0.03). Conclusions: In the subsites of tongue cancers in our population, the majority arose from the base of tongue, these tending to occur in older individuals and presenting at late stage.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.1657-1660
• /
• 2010

An efficient and novel one-pot synthesis of new 3,4-dihydro-3-substituted-2H-naphtho[2,1-e][1,3]oxazine derivatives from 1-naphthol, various anilines and formalin at room temperature grinding is presented. The six-membered N,O-heterocyclic skeleton was constructed via zirconyl(IV) chloride promoted Mannich type reaction. In vitro antimicrobial activities of synthesized compounds have been investigated against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Gram negative Escherichia coli and two fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger in comparison with standard drugs. The results of preliminary bioassay indicate that some of title compounds possess significant antibacterial and antifungal activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제30권12호
• /
• pp.2969-2972
• /
• 2009

A mild and efficient method has been developed for condensation of substituted phenol with ${\beta}$-ketoester in the presence of catalytic amount of ammonium metavanadate (10 mol%) at ambient temperature to afford the corresponding substituted 4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one in high yields under mild conditions. Utilization of commercially available inexpensive catalyst makes this manipulation very interesting from an economic perspective.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제30권12호
• /
• pp.2883-2886
• /
• 2009

A simple, highly efficient and environmentally benign method for the synthesis of 3-styrylchromones from 3-formylchromones and 4-nitrophenylacetic acid/4-nitrotolune in the presence of catalytic amount of basic ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide [(bmim)OH] carried out under the influence of microwave irradiation. This method gives remarkable advantages such as, short reaction times, simple work-up procedure and moderate to good yields. The ionic liquid was successfully reused for four cycles without significant loss of activity.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.101-110
• /
• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of Oldenlandia diffusa extract on WiDr human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Methods : We examined cell death by (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) MTT assay and the caspase 3 and 9 activity assay with Oldenlandia diffusa extract. To examine the inhibitory effects of Oldenlandia diffusa extract, we performed a cell cycle (sub-G1) analysis and mitochondrial membrane potential for the WiDr cells after 24 hours with Oldenlandia diffusa extract. Results : 1. Oldenlandia diffusa extract induced cell death in WiDr cells. 2. The sub-G1 peak was increased by Oldenlandia diffusa extract in WiDr cells. 3. Oldenlandia diffusa extract leads to increase the mitochondrial membrane depolarization in WiDr cells. 4. Oldenlandia diffusa extract increases caspase 3 and 9 activities in WiDr cells. 5. Oldenlandia diffusa extract combined with several anti-cancer drugs (paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, ectoposide, doxorubicin and docetaxel) markedly inhibited the growth of WiDr cells compared to Oldenlandia diffusa extract and anti-cancer drugs alone. Conclusions : Oldenlandia diffusa extract has an apoptotic role in human colorectal cancer cells and a potential role in developing therapeutic agents against colorectal cancer.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제51권5호
• /
• pp.418-422
• /
• 2007

Sulphanilic Acid 촉매를 사용한 벤조인 또는 벤질, 초산암모늄 그리고 방향족 알데히드의 축합반응을 통한 간단하고 높은 수율의 2,4,5-Triarylimidazoles의 One-pot 합성에 대한 보고 값싼 가격의 촉매,높은 수율 그리고 짧은 반응 시간은 제시된 방법의 장점이다.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.339-345
• /
• 2014

PURPOSE: This study is to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of gym ball exercise on the pelvis and spine of women in 20s. METHODS: Randomly selected 10 of 20 subjects are allocated to experimental group who will practice gym-ball exercise while the rest 10 subjects are allocated to control group. Values for pelvic obliquity DL-DR, pelvic torsion DL-DR, pelvic rotation, kyphotic angle ICT-ITL (max), and lordotic angle ITL-ILS (max) were measured through recording using 3-dimensional image analyzer as a preliminary inspection. Gym-ball exercise was implemented 3 sessions a week for 4 weeks. Each session consisted of 10 minutes of warm up exercise, 30 minutes of main exercise, and 10 minutes of cool down exercise totaling 50 minutes. Post inspections were measured after exercise. RESULTS: Experimental group showed statistically significant difference in pelvic obliquity DL-DR, pelvic torsion DL-DR, and kyphotic angle ICT-ITL (max) (p<.05) and values of pelvic obliquity DL-DR showed statistically significant difference between two groups (p<.05). However pelvic rotation, lordotic angle ITL-ILS (max) did not show a significant difference. CONCLUSION: These results showed that gym-ball exercise has positive effect in the pelvic obliquity, torsion and spine kyphotic angle and expected to have positive effect on the body balance, body lineup, and coordination.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.538-543
• /
• 2012

The Maillard Reaction Products (MRPs) are chemical compounds which have been known to be effective in chemoprevention. Death receptors (DR) play a central role in directing apoptosis in several cancer cells. In our previous study, we demonstrated that (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal, a MRP product, inhibited human colon cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis via nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) inactivation and $G_2$/M phase cell cycle arrest. In this study, (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal diacetate, a new (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal derivative, was synthesized to improve their solubility and stability in water and then evaluated against NCI-H460 and A549 human lung cancer cells. (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal diacetate reduced the viability in both cell lines in a time and dose-dependent manner. We also found that (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal diacetate increased apoptotic cell death through the upregulation of the expression of death receptor (DR)-3 and DR6 in both lung cancer cell lines. In addition to this, the transfection of DR3 siRNA diminished the growth inhibitory and apoptosis inducing effect of (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal diacetate on lung cancer cells, however these effects of (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal diacetate was not changed by DR6 siRNA. These results indicated that (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal diacetate inhibits human lung cancer cell growth via increasing apoptotic cell death by upregulation of the expression of DR3.

• 전자공학회논문지C
• /
• 제35C권4호
• /
• pp.21-29
• /
• 1998

As silicon geometry shrinks into deep submicron and the operating speed icreases, higher accuracy is required in the analysis of the propagation delays of the gates and interconnects in an ASIC. In this paper, the driving characteristics of a CMOS gate is represented by a gatedriver model, consisting of a linear resistor $R_{dr}$ and an independent ramp voltage source $V_{dr}$ . We drivered $R_{dr}$ and $V_{dr}$ as the functions of the timing data representing gate driving capability and an effective capacitance $C_{eff}$ reflecting resistance shielding effect by interconnet circuits. Through iterative applications of these equations and AWE algorithm, $R_{dr}$ , $V_{dr}$ and $C_{eff}$ are comuted simulataneously. then, the gate delay is decided by $C_{eff}$ and the interconnect circuit delay is determined by $R_{dr}$ and $V_{dr}$ . this process has been implemented as an ASIC timing analysis program written in C language and four real circuits were analyzed. In all cases, we found less than 5% of errors for both of gate andinterconnect circuit delays with a speedup factor ranging from a few tens to a few hundreds, compared to SPICE.SPICE.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.188-193
• /
• 1996

In this paper, an integrated navigation system based on GPS(Global Positioning System) and Dead-Reckoning (DR) is designed. For the calibration of DR, a self-calibration method and a GPS-based calibration method are proposed. From the field-test results, it is shown that DR can be successfully calibrated by the two proposed calibration methods. Also, a cascaded filter approach and a mixed-measurement algorithm are employed for GPS/DR integration. By using the newly proposed mixed-measurement algorithm, it is shown in simulation that the position error becomes smaller than by using only DR even if the number of visible GPS satellites is less than 4.