• Development and Reproduction
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2002

Present study was aimed to summary the recent reports of chromosomal technology such like a polyploidv, sex differentiation, gynogenesis, transgenic fish and gene manipulation. Triploid cells for rainbow trout and channel catfish were induced through thermal shocks of varying temperature levels and produced as a industrial use. A monosex fish with homogametic females of 15 species of high valued fish were produced by exposing to irradiation. It seemed that different irradiation was suitable to inactivate the sperm and block the formation in producing the gynogenetic diploids. Since 1985, transgenic fish have been successfully produced by microinjecting or electroporating desired foreign DNA into unfertilized or newly fertilized eggs using about 40 fish species. More recently, transgenic fish have also been produced by infecting newly fertilized eggs with pantropic, defective retroviral vectors carrying desired foreign DNA. These transgenic fish can serve as excellent experimental models for basic scientific investigations as well as in marine biotechnological applications.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 1995

동물계에서 항바이러스와관련된 dsRNA 의존성 인산화 효소(PKR)의 유전자를 식물체에서 발현시킬 경우 PKR에 의한 단백질합성 및 식물바이러스의 증식조절 가능성에 대한 기초자료를 확보하기 위하여 사람에서 분리된 PKR cDNA를 Agrobacterium 방법에 의하여 연초식물체(Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc)로 형질전환시켰다. HindIII/PstI처리에 의해 얻어지는 약 1.8kb의 phPKR cDNA절편을 일련의 유전자 조작 방법을 통하여 식물발현벡터인 pBI121에 도입하여, p12168을 재조합하였다. 이를 A. tumefaciens LBA 4404에 형질전환시켜 연초식물체형질 전환에 이용하였다. 2mg/l BA와 0.5mg/l NAA가 포함되고 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml의 kanamycin이 첨가된 MS배지에서 shooting시킨 후 phytohormone이 첨가되지 않은 MS배지상에서 rooting을 시켜 형질전환 연초식물체를 얻었으며, 형질전환식물체는 정상식물체와 유사한 생육양상을 나타내었다. 형질전환식물체의 유전자도입은 hPKR cDNA의 전사부여는 RT-PCR 방법에 의하여 확인되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.223-228
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• 2002

We have developed a homemade particle inflow gun (PIG) system which has simple operation method, low price and high gene introduction efficiency into rice callus. Rice callus were inflowed with gold particles containing DNA of a plasmid, pIG121Hm, harboring intron GUS ($\beta$-glucuronidase) gene, NPTII gene and HPT gene. For optimal GUS transient expression, the effects of parameters on DNA delivery efficiency of the PIG system was investigated by scoring transient GUS expression. The highest number of blue spots was observed at 16 mM of spemidine and 1.5 M of calcium chloride, respectively. And the amount of gold particles required for the best GUD expression was 2 mg. Optimum GUS transient expression was observed at target distance of 12 cm and helium pressure of 3.5 bar (50 psi). Gene introduction efficiency of the PIG system was observed almost similar to that of the Biolistic Gun (Bio-Rad Company). Since PIG system is simple to operate and one doesn't need disposable accessaries, the PIG system can be easily applied to various replication experiments.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 1999

An effective computer program for assembling fragments in DNA sequencing has been developed. The program, called SeqEditor (Sequence Editor), is usable on the pcrsonal computer systems of MS-Widows which is the mosl popular operating system in Korea. It c'm recd several sequence file formats such as GenBak, FASTA, and ASCII. In the SeqEditor program, a dynamic programming algorihm is applied to compute the maximalscoring overlapping alignment between each pjlr of fragments. A novel feature of the program is that SeqEdilor implemnents interaclive operation with a graphical user interface. The performance lests of the prograln 011 fragmen1 data from 16s and 18s rDNA sequencing pi-ojects produced saiisIactory results. This program may be useful to a person who has work of time with large-scale DNA sequencing projects.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 1999

중추신경계의 미주신경동쪽핵(DMV)내 유사핵분열후 신경세포로 외래 유전자를 전달하는 매개체로서 pseudorabies 바이러스(PRV)의 유전자 조작기술은 흰쥐의 결장내로 PRV를 주입시킨 후 복잡한 신경로 추적에 관한 연구에서 하나의 바이러스에 의해 얻어지는 것보다 더욱 유용한 결과산출이 가능하게 하였다. 본 연구에서는 흰쥐의 생체내 실험모델로 하나의 바이러스 또는 이중 바이러스 주입에 PRV의 유전자 조작된 2종 바이러스를 사용하였다. 이 2종의 바이러스는 PRV의 Bartha 종에서 유래되었지만 면역조직화학적으로 검출할 수 있는 동일한 유전산물을 산출할 수 있도록 구성되었다. PRV-BaBlu는 PRV 게놈의 Us 구역 중 gC 자리에 lacZ 유전자를 삽입하여 산출되었는데 $\beta-galactosidase$ 발현은 이 바이러스에 감염된 신경원의 독특한 표시자로 나타났다. PRV-D는 2가지 단계에 의해 조성되었는데 첫째, PRV-Bartha의 Us 구역의 일부 유전자를 제거하고, 야생형인 PRV-Be DNA로 복구시켰는데 이로써 PRV-D는 PRV-Bartha 또는 PRV-Bablu에 존재하고 있지 않는 외피 당단백질인 gE와 gI를 지니게 되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, PRV-D의 개별적 접종에 의해 얻어진 감염은 PRV-BaBlu에 의한 동일 신경회로의 감염보다 유의하게 빨랐다. 둘째, 유전자 조작된 PRV의 변이종은 변이종 상호간 및 부모 바이러스와 상이하였다. PRV-D는 PRV-Bartha 또는 PRV-BaBlu보다 감염독성이 더 강했고, PRV-BaBlu는 PRV-Bartha보다 감염독성이 약했다. 셋째, 결장을 지배하는 미주신경동쪽핵내 신경원은 변이종 바이러스들을 동시에 접종하였을 경우 이중감염을 나타내었다.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.50-52
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• 1987

지난 10여년간에 걸쳐 급속히 발전한 유전공학 기술로 인해서 자연계에 존재하는 단백질이면 어느 단백질이나 그 유전자를 clone할 수 있게 되었으며, 그 유전자의 정확한 조작으로 원하는 단백질을 박테리아 등에서 대량 생산할 수 있게 되었을 뿐 아니라 최근 DNA 합성기술의 발달로 거의 무제한으로 유전자를 변형시킬 수 있게 되었다. 따라서 자연계에 존재하지 않는 새로운 단백질을 창제하고자 하는 기술인 단백질공학기술의 개발이 가능해진 것이다. 단백질공학기술은 실제로 무한한 응용성을 갖고 있는 기술로서 단백질의 구조및 기능을 연구하는 기본적인 문제점을 해결하는데 이용될 수 있을뿐 아니라 새로운 세대의 의약품이나 산업용 효소등을 비롯한 보다 경제적이고 생산성 높은 유용단백질의 설계에도 응용될 수 있다.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.32-39
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• 2004

차세대 신기술로 부상하고 있는 나노바이오 기술(Nano-Bio Technology)은 10억분의 1이라는 정밀도를 바탕으로 원자나 분자를 조작해 새로운 물질을 만들고 시스템을 창조하는 나노기술(Nanotechnology : NT)과 생명현상을 연구 대상으로 하는 바이오 기술 (Biotechnology : BT)이 융합된 분야이다. 근본적으로 무기물을 다루는 NT와 생명체를 다루는 BT가 융합할 수 있는 것은 BT의 궁극적인 연구대상인 DNA, RNA, 단백질의 크기가 수 나노미터로 NT의 연구대상의 크기와 동일하다는 데에 있다.(중략)

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.239-243
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• 2000

Helicobacter pylori, an etiologic agent of gastritis and peptic ulceration, produces urease which elicits a powerful immunoglobulin response in H. pylori-infected individuals. To establish a model plant vaccine agains H. pylori, 750 bp -ureA DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction from pH 808 plasmid harboring urease gene cluster was cloned and manipulated to be expressed in tobacco plants. From the regenerated transgenic tobacco plants, ureA DNA integration,m its mRNA expression and protein synthesis were analyzed and confirmed by standard molecular techniques. The CaMV 35S promoter-driving ureA construct was expressed to produce a 30 kDa protein which was identical with bacterial UreA in size when detected on immunoblot of SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.236-242
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• 1998

While bacteriophage P2-P4 system is very useful experimental tool for the study of viral capsid assembly, there is no useful plasmid vector for the DNA manipulation in bacteriophage P2-P4 system. In this study, a new vector plasmid, P4 ash8 (sid71) kmr, was constructed by swapping the non-essential region of P4 DNA for kanamycin resistance(kmr) gene cassette of plasmid pUC4-K. P4 ash8 sid71 was starting material for the construction, since it tends to be maintained as a plasmid in the absence of the helper phage. The total size of this chimera was designed to be packaged into P4 or P2 size heads with induction by P2 infection. The conversion of plasmid P4 ash8 (sid71) kmr to bacteriophage was proved by burst size determination experiment and CsCl buoyant equilibrium density gradient experiment. Integrase destructed P4 derivative, P4 ash8 sid71 kmr intS, was able to be constructed easily by in vitro DNA manipulation of P4 ash8 sid71 kmr. The plasmid stability experiment with P4 ash8 sid71 kmr if/tS showed that the integrase of P4 affects the stable maintenance of plasmid P4 state.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.963-969
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• 2013

Although it is popularly believed that vitamin C protects cells from various genotoxicants, the degrees and mechanisms of itsprotective actions are not fully understood. In this study, vitamin C's protective effects against various genotoxicants were quantified, together with subsequent analyses on the mechanisms of these protective effects. Comet assay was employed to measure the degree of DNA damage in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1) exposed to five genotoxicants, $H_2O_2$, $HgCl_2$, N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO), and UV-irradiation. In cases cells were treated with $H_2O_2$, $HgCl_2$, and 4NQO together with vitamin C, the damage to DNA decreased to the level of the control group. In cases of UV-irradiation, the protective effect of vitamin C appeared, but did not reach the control levels. Interestingly, vitamin C did not have protective effects against the genotoxicity of MNNG. The degrees of DNA damage of cells treated with vitamin C prior to exposure togenotoxicants were 28~49% lower than those of cells treated with vitamin C after being exposed to genotoxicants. In conclusion, vitamin C had strong antioxidanteffects against genotoxicants by being a primary antioxidant blocking genotoxicity reaching the cells, rather than being a secondary antioxidant acting on post-exposure DNA repair processes. However, vitamin C's protective effects appearto be limited, as there are genotoxicants, such as MNNG, whosegenotoxicityis not affected by vitamin C. Therefore, the results of this study warrant furtherstudies on toxic mechanisms of genotoxicants and their interactions with protective mechanisms of vitamin C.