• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2017

우리나라는 세계 5위의 자동차 생산국이고 전체 제조업 가운데 자동차 산업이 차지하는 비중이 높다. 그리고 우리나라 10대 수출품목 중 2위를 차지할 만큼 중요한 산업이다. 우리나라는 국내외에서 생산된 자동차 중 약 300만대를 수출하고 있다. 우리나라와 함께 일본도 자동차 산업 비중이 높고 전 세계에 약 400만대 이상의 자동차를 수출하고 있다. 우리나라와 일본 모두 국내에서 생산된 완성차와 중고차를 선박을 통해 수출하고 있다. 따라서 자동차 생산공장 인근에 자동차 부두가 개발되어 이용되고 있다. 그러나 자동차 수출항만에 있어서 열악한 부두시설, 수출입 자동차 선적 또는 하역을 위한 야드 공간의 부족, 자동차 하역에 비전문화 된 하역업체의 숙련도 부족 등으로 하역이 지연되거나 자동차전용선이 대기하는 등의 비효성의 문제가 발생하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 우리나라와 일본의 자동차 수출항만의 효율성을 측정하여 비교 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 자동차 수출항만의 효율성 측정을 위하여 자료포락분석(DEA) 중 불변규모수익(CRS)와 변동규모수익(VRS)모델을 이용하였다. 투입 및 산출변수로는 안벽길이, 야드면적, 자동차처리대수로 설정하였고 평가대상은 총 25개 항만으로 구성하였다. 효율성 측정 결과 두 모델에서 모두 효율성이 높게 나타난 항만은 우리나라가 2개 항만(광양항, 울산항), 일본이 3개 항만(Kanda항, Omaezaki항, Kanmon-Shimonoseki항)으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 우리나라와 일본의 자동차 수출항만의 효율성 향상과 경쟁력 확보를 위한 전략을 수립하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.277-300
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• 2009

이 연구는 자료포괄분석(DEA)을 사용하여 1998년부터 2007년 사이의 기간에 대하여 한국의 중형항만의 효율성과 맘퀴스트 총생산성지수를 측정하여 제시하였다. 본 논문은 중형항만 중에서 군산항에 초점을 맞추어 분석을 시도하였는데 이는 새만금항에 대한 국가적인 대규모투자가 예상되는 시점에서 군산항만의 효율성을 비교함으로써 정책적 함의를 얻고자 하였기 때문이다. 이 연구에서는 1)군상항은 규모에 대한 수익 불변(CRS)와 규모에 대한 수익 가변(VRS)의 가정하에서 가장 효율적인 항만의 효율성수준의 53%에서 57%수준에 있다는 점, 2)지난 10년동안에 7개 중형항만의 효율성의 차이는 더욱 확대되어 왔다는 점, 3) 군산항은 규모의 경제 측면에서 DRS의 성격이 더 많이 나타나고 있다는 점, 4) 군산항은 지난 10년의 기간에서 매년 총생산성이 평균 0.7%씩 하락되어 왔다는 점, 5)군산항은 이 기간 동안에 기술진보율이 3.1%정도씩 증가되어 왔다는 점 등을 발견하였다. 미래의 연구에서는 더 신뢰성 있는 자료의 보완을 통하여 군산항을 비롯하여 대규모 투자가 이루어지는 항만의 효율성을 비교분석하여 정책적인 시사점을 제시하는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2015

국내외 유명 해운경제학자들의 주장에 의하면 해운기업의 대형화, 선박의 대형화가 고정비용을 절감하고 규모의 경제실현에 도움이 된다고 일관되게 주장한다. 하지만 최근 우리나라에서 유동성 위기를 겪는 한진해운, 대한해운, STX팬오션 등은 대형기업에 속하며, 우리나라에서 유동성위기는 대형기업에 집중되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 외항해운기업의 규모경제 혹은 비경제 여부를 파악하고, 향후 해운기업이 대형화 혹은 집중화 전문화해야하는지에 대한 의사결정을 검토하는데 기여하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 SBM-DEA 모형을 연구모형으로 적용하였으며, 2013년 매출액 상위 기업 중 보유 선박 증가량을 보인 기업을 최종 DMU로 선정하였다. 분석 결과, CRS 기준, 한진해운, 고려해운, 코리아LNG트레이딩, 유코카캐리어스, 시노코탱커가 우수한 효율성을 보였고, VRS기준, 한진해운, 고려해운, 코리아LNG트레이딩, 대림코퍼레이션, 중앙상선, 시노코탱커, 유코카캐리어스가 우수한 효율성 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 외항해운기업의 향후 경영전략을 대형화 혹은 집중화 전문화해야하는지에 대한 귀중한 좌표로 활용할 수 있다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.393-399
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• 2015

Recently, the fierce competitions in the shipping industry and the global economic downturn have heavily influenced ports' operational strategies. In order for port authorities to remain competitive at an international level and to provide more accurate information to develop National policies, ports are required to analyse and improve operations' efficiency. In this paper, the efficiency of 19 Italian ports in 2013, handling different types of cargoes, is assessed through the application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), with constant return to scale (CRS) and variable return to scale (VRS). The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficiency of Italian ports and evaluate whether differences in size and specialization of each port (or cargo handled) are directly correlated with ports' efficiency.

• 한국데이타베이스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이타베이스학회 2008년도 연합학회학술대회
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• pp.321-338
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• 2008

Information and communication industry, which shows rapid growth rate, is now leading the global economic growth, contributing a ripple effect on general business and economic structure. It is said that information and communication industry enables swift economic growth taking a role as a basic industry of information-oriented society. Especially, rapid technical innovation promotes mutual growth of other related industries and it is technology-intensive. The purpose of this research is to analyze the management efficiency of information and communication industry using DEA method, and finally suggest numerical value for inefficient organizations to improve their efficiency. CCR-I, BCC-I efficiency and RTS(Returns to scale) of 29 companies engaged in information and communication industry was evaluated. With the results, I suggested model companies for benchmarking in information and communication industry. To summarize, 7 companies were selected with CCR-I efficiency rate 1, and 12 companies with BCC-I efficiency rate 1. RTS was finalized with 8 IRS companies, 10 DRS companies, and 11 CRS companies.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

Safe, fast, efficient and effective railway is a main factor of economic development level of every country. This paper uses the DEA method to evaluate and compare the efficiency of 12 Regions of RAI. In addition, we introduce the reference(s) unit(s) for every inefficient region, and determine the amount of input decrease and/or output increase need to become them efficient. Findings indicate that in 2006, 4 regions of 12 are in Constant Return to Scale (CRS) status and 7 of them in Variable Return to Scale (VRS), and the average efficiency is 0.730 and 0.888, respectively. In other words, RAI works 27 percent under its capacity. More over results indicate that Hormozgan, Khorasan, Tehran and Isfahan Regions have the most efficiency respectively. The results show that the 8 regions, have been working in Increaser Return to Scale and 4 reminder Regions in Decrease Return to Scale. According to this results, we submit the suitable suggestion for improve the efficiency of the inefficient regions.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.79-94
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the production efficiencies of the Korean aquaculture fishery with respect to species and methods using a Data Envelopment Analysis. The study extracted the 8 fishes in each of the sea cage culture, aquarium basin, and enclosed aquaculture for the analytical purposes. First, the study estimated the technical, pure technical, and scale efficiencies of the total of 24 aquaculture fishes based on the traditional DEA under the assumptions of both CRS and VRS. 2 fishes were identified as the efficient DMUs under the CCR-model, and 6 fishes under the BCC-model. Second, we tested to see if there was any difference in production efficiencies regarding those three different methods of aquaculture. we could not find any evidence of the differences in efficiency using a rank sum test based on the traditional DEA. However, we could do find that the pure technical efficiency in the sea cage culture was lower than others at 1% level of significance and the pure technical efficiency in enclosed aquaculture was also lower than others at 5% level of significance using Bilateral-DEA, which could explicitly consider the heterogeneity in the 3 production methods of aquaculture. Finally, the study obtained the 95% confidence intervals of the efficiency scores for the 24 fishes under our study using the smoothed bootstraping method in the process of the re-sampling in cooperation with both a kernel density estimation and a reflection method. At the same time, we could estimate the bias-corrected efficiency scores while the traditionally estimated efficiency scores suffered from the biases in the process of solving a linear programming with the deterministic nature of a production frontier. And hence, we could distinguish the differences in production efficiencies of the 8 fishes with respect to those 3 methods of aquaculture.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.212-224
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• 2010

After the introduction of Volume-based Waste Fee System for municipal wastes, the disposal of food wastes became an issue in society. As this reason, recycling food wastes facilities play an important role such as converting of food waste into animal feed or composting of food waste. Therefore, there is need of efficiency measurement of the facilities to reduce the inefficiency of factors. The purpose of this paper is to make a reasonable suggestion for the improvement of inefficient recycling food wastes facilities. This paper assesses the relative efficiency of recycling food wastes facilities by examining the relationship between inputs and outputs in 41 facilities using data envelopment analysis(DEA). The result shows that 4 facilities whose values of CCR efficiency are 1, and 10 facilities whose values of BCC efficiency are 1, RTS indicates IRS of 17 facilities and CRS of 6 facilities.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2016

India is largest producer of banana in the world producing 29.72 million tonnes from an area of 0.803 million ha with a productivity of 35.7 MT ha-1 and accounted for 15.48 and 27.01 per cent of the world's area and production respectively (www.nhb.gov.in). In India, Tamil Nadu leads other states both in terms of area and production followed by Maharashtra, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh. In Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, Kurnool district had special reputation in the cultivation of banana in an area of 5765 hectares with an annual production of 2.01 lakh tonnes in the year 2012-13 and hence, it was purposively chosen for the study. On $23^{rd}$ November 2003, the Government of Andhra Pradesh has commenced a comprehensive project called 'Andhra Pradesh Micro Irrigation Project (APMIP)', first of its kind in the world so as to promote water use efficiency. APMIP is offering 100 per cent of subsidy in case of SC, ST and 90 per cent in case of other categories of farmers up to 5.0 acres of land. In case of acreage between 5-10 acres, 70 per cent subsidy and acreage above 10, 50 per cent of subsidy is given to the farmer beneficiaries. The sampling frame consists of Kurnool district, two mandals, four villages and 180 sample farmers comprising of 60 farmers each from Marginal (<1ha), Small (1-2ha) and Other (>2ha) categories. A well structured pre-tested schedule was employed to collect the requisite information pertaining to the performance of drip irrigation among the sample farmers and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model was employed to analyze the performance of drip irrigation in banana farms. The performance of drip irrigation was assessed based on the parameters like: Land Development Works (LDW), Fertigation costs (FC), Volume of water supplied (VWS), Annual maintenance costs of drip irrigation (AMC), Economic Status of the farmer (ES), Crop Productivity (CP) etc. The first four parameters are considered as inputs and last two as outputs for DEA modelling purposes. The findings revealed that, the number of farms operating at CRS are more in number in other farms (46.66%) followed by marginal (45%) and small farms (28.33%). Similarly, regarding the number of farmers operating at VRS, the other farms are again more in number with 61.66 per cent followed by marginal (53.33%) and small farms (35%). With reference to scale efficiency, marginal farms dominate the scenario with 57 per cent followed by others (55%) and small farms (50%). At pooled level, 26.11 per cent of the farms are being operated at CRS with an average technical efficiency score of 0.6138 i.e., 47 out of 180 farms. Nearly 40 per cent of the farmers at pooled level are being operated at VRS with an average technical efficiency score of 0.7241. As regards to scale efficiency, nearly 52 per cent of the farmers (94 out of 180 farmers) at pooled level, either performed at the optimum scale or were close to the optimum scale (farms having scale efficiency values equal to or more than 0.90). Majority of the farms (39.44%) are operating at IRS and only 29 per cent of the farmers are operating at DRS. This signifies that, more resources should be provided to these farms operating at IRS and the same should be decreased towards the farms operating at DRS. Nearly 32 per cent of the farms are operating at CRS indicating efficient utilization of resources. Log linear regression model was used to analyze the major determinants of input use efficiency in banana farms. The input variables considered under DEA model were again considered as influential factors for the CRS obtained for the three categories of farmers. Volume of water supplied ($X_1$) and fertigation cost ($X_2$) are the major determinants of banana farms across all the farmer categories and even at pooled level. In view of their positive influence on the CRS, it is essential to strengthen modern irrigation infrastructure like drip irrigation and offer more fertilizer subsidies to the farmer to enhance the crop production on cost-effective basis in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh, India. This study further suggests that, the present era of Information Technology will help the irrigation management in the context of generating new techniques, extension, adoption and information. It will also guide the farmers in irrigation scheduling and quantifying the irrigation water requirements in accordance with the water availability in a particular season. So, it is high time for the Government of India to pay adequate attention towards the applications of 'Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and its applications in irrigation water management' for facilitating the deployment of Decision Supports Systems (DSSs) at various levels of planning and management of water resources in the country.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.3-26
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to Investigate the productive efficiency and competitive strength of world container ports using the DEA, Super-efficiency, and FDH methods with the raw data from previous research by Jun et al.(1993). The super-efficiency measure examines the maximal radial change In input, outputs for an observation to remain efficient. Therefore, it provides a means of distinguishing between efficient observations, which would otherwise seem identical. FDH provides a good test mechanism for examining the practical implications of the choice available among alternative efficiency measures and orientations, because of the lack of convexity of its production possibility set. Both methods are complementary to DEA. This paper follows the traditional productivity analysis method overcoming the limitation of previous studies by using the DEA, FDH and Super-efficiency methods, and proposing in measure the relative competitive strength of worldwide container ports. The main empirical results of this paper are as follows: Firstly the ports of Singapore, Hongkong, Kilrung, Busan, Tokyo. and Longbeach were found to be efficient In the CCR model. The ports of Felixstowe, Bangkok, Singapore, Hongkong, Kilung, Busan, Tokyo, and Longbeach were found to be efficient in the BCC model. Secondly, super. efficiency rankings under CRS and input-oriented model are as follows: Longbeach, Keelung, Singapore, Busan, Tokyo, and Honkong. However, it was difficult In differenciate the rankings under the VRS and input-oriented model. due to major difficulties posed by the ports of Singapore, Hongkong, and Longbeach. Thirdly, the FDH method shows that the inefficient ports are Bremerhaven, Antwerp, Le Havre, Kobe, Seattle, New York The policy Implications of this study are as follows: Firstly, when port authorities want to measure the international competitive strength of container ports and enhance their productive efficiency, they should consider the traditional method as well as introducing the Super-efficiency and FDH methods. Secondly, according to the analysis results of the super-efficiency and FDH methods, poll authorities should recommend benchmarks ports and dominated ports as reference ports in order to enhance the productive efficiency of their container ports that have an efficiency rating of less than 1. Efficient ports whose efficiency ratings are over 1 in the Input-oriented Super-efficiency model should also consider the usage of input and output elements used by more efficient ports.