• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2006

Olive flounder immunoreceptor DAP10 homologue cDNA was cloned from a peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) cDNA library. The length of the olive flounder DAP10 cDNA is 473bp and it contains an open reading frame of 234bp. The predicted polypeptide sequence is 78 amino acids, consisting of a 22-amino acid leader, an 11-amino acid extracellular domain, a 21-amino acid transmembrane segment, and a 24-amino acid cytoplasmic domain. The amino acid sequence of olive flounder DAP10 has 56%, 50%, 32%, 31%, and 31% sequence identity with zebrafish DAP10, catfish DAP10, cattle DAP10, rat DAP10 and Monkey DAP10, respectively. Olive flounder DAP10 has a conserved aspartic acid in the transmembrane domain and a phophatidylinositol-3 kinase-binding site (YxxM/V) in the cytoplasmic region. Genomic organization reveals that olive flounder DAP10 comprises five exons and four introns. A phylogenetic analysis based on the deduced amino acid sequence grouped the olive flounder DAP10 with other species DAP10. In RT-PCR analysis, DAP10 transcripts were detected predominantly in PBLs, kidney, spleen and intestine.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.264-270
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to propose a methodological approach for reducing the radiation dose in pediatric cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), focusing exclusively on balancing image quality with dose optimization. Materials and Methods: The dose-area product (DAP) for exposure was reduced using copper-plate attenuation of an X-ray source. The thickness of copper (Cu) was increased from 0 to 2.2 mm, and 10 different DAP levels were used. The QUART DVT_AP phantom and pediatric radiologic dentiform were scanned under the respective DAP levels. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), image homogeneity, and modulation transfer function (MTF) were analyzed using the QUART DVT_AP phantom. An expert evaluation (overall image grade, appropriateness of field of view, artifacts, noise, and resolution) was conducted using pediatric dentiform images. The critical DAP level was determined based on phantom and dentiform analysis results. Results: CNR and image homogeneity decreased as the DAP was reduced; however, there was an inflection point of image homogeneity at Cu 1.6 mm (DAP=138.00 mGy·cm²), where the value started increasing. The MTF showed constant values as the DAP decreased. The expert evaluation of overall image grades showed "no diagnostic value" for dentiform images with Cu 1.9-2.2 mm (DAP=78.00-103.33 mGy·cm²). The images with Cu 0-1.6 mm (DAP=138.00-1697.67mGy·cm²) had a "good," "moderate," or "poor but interpretable" grade. Conclusion: Reducing DAP beyond a 1.6-mm Cu thickness degraded CBCT image quality. Image homogeneity and clinical image grades indicated crucial decision points for DAP reduction in pediatric CBCT scans.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.203-208
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• 1991

The dapA-complementing gene (L-2, 3-dihydrodipicolinate synthetase: DHDP synthetase, dapA) has been cloned by using a cosmid genomic bank of Corynebacterium glutamicum JS231 that is a lysine overproducer, AEC (s-(2-aminoethyl)-L-cysteine) resistant mutant. By enzymatic deletion analysis, the DNA region complementing the escherichia coli dapA host could be confined to 4.5kb SalI-generated DNA fragment. This DNA fragment was inserted into the C. glutamicum/E. coli shuttle vector pECCG117 to construct pDHDP5812. The specific activity of DHDP synthetase detected in C. glutamicum JS231/pDHDP5812 was increased about 10 fold above that of C. glutamicum JS231. The addition of leucine during growth did not repress the expressin of dapA, and the enzyme activity was not inhibited by lysine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.10
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• pp.51-67
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• 2009

The study is about 'Dap-ho', a kind of men's coat in the early, and mid period of Joseon Dynasty. The study examined the kinds, color, and fabric of Dap-ho from "The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty". It also examined the characteristic, and the change of shape through excavated costume, and the period is limited until early 17th century. In "The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty", there is record of Dap-ho from King Sejong period to Gwang-hae-gun period. After 160 years, it appears again in King Young-jo period, and remains until King Soon-jong period. It was mentioned 168 times, from over 100 cases. There are 26 colors of Dap-ho from "The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty", and among them, green appears the most. Thin fabric, like Joo [紬], Sa[紗], and Cho[綃] was used often, and there are records of double layered, and cotton padded Dap-ho. The period when Dap-ho appears as excavated costume is almost the same as, "The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty" and disappears after the decease of Dae-ho Kang(1541-1624), and Sun-un Yun(1580~1628). After in this period, Dan-ryung, and Jik-ryung changes into double layered clothes, and Jik-ryung functioned as the underclothes of Dan-ryung, instead of Dap-ho. The excavated costumes of Hwak Kim(1572~1633), and Eung-hae Lee(1547~1626) proofs this. But Dap-ho was called 'Jun-bok', 'Dugree', Que-ja', and 'Dap-ho' until the later period of Joseon Dynasty.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2006

Black rockfish larvae and juveniles were reared for 95 days after parturition (DAP) in order to determine four enzyme activities (trypsin, pepsine-like enzyme, lipase, amylase) during ontogeny. Larvae were fed rotifers Brachionus plicatilis from 1 to 25 DAP, Artemia nauplii from 10 to 78 DAP and then gradually changed to pelleted feed from 30 DAP. Temperature was kept between $13.5{\sim}14.9^{\circ}C$. Trypsin and lipase activities were found in 2 DAP larvae ($7.0{\pm}1.5$ unit and $4.5{\pm}1.4$ unit, $mean{\pm}SD$, respectively). The evolution of both enzymes activities showed a profile marked by drastic increases between postflexion and juvenile stage. There is an increment on specific trypsin activity at 10 DAP, corresponding with the beginning of Artemia feeding. Pepsin-like enzyme activity was found at 11 DAP and increased drastically from 56 DAP, cor-responding with the initiation of juvenile stage. Amylase activity was also found at 11 DAP and maintained at a low level up to 38 DAP followed by a drastic increase from 39 DAP to 50 DAP. Considering our results of both trypsin and pepsin-like enzyme activities, it might be concluded that higher somatic growth of Sebastes inermis could be possible with the initiation juvenile of stage and the early juvenile stage is a suit-able period for feeding an artificial diet for fish.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

This is to develop a new way of testing self-esteem by adopting DAP(Draw a Person) test and to make a platform to digitalize it for young people in the adolescent stage. This approach is to get high effectiveness of the self-esteem measurement using DAP test, including some personal inner situations which can be easily missed in the large statistical analysis. The other objective of this study is digitalize to recover limits of DAP test in the subjective rating standard. It is based on the distribution of the figure drawing expressed numerically by the anxiety index of Handler. For these two examinations, we made experiment through 4 stages with second grade middle school 73 students from July 30th to October 31th in 2009 during 4 months. Firstly, we executed 'Self Values Test' for all 73 people, and divided them into two groups; one is high self-esteem group of 36 people, the other is low self-esteem group of 37 people. Secondly, we regrouped them following D (Depression), Pd (Psychopathic Deviate), Sc (Schizophrenia) scales of MMPI; one is high self-esteem group of 7 people, the other is low self-esteem group of 13 people. Thirdly, we conducted DAP test separately for these 20 people. We intended to verify necessity and appropriateness of direction of 'Digitalizing Measurement System' by comparing and analyzing relation between DAP and Self-esteem following evaluation criteria which has similarity in 3 tests, after executing DAP to reflect peculiarity of adolescents sufficiently. We compared and analyzed result abstracted by sampling DAP test of two groups; One is high self-esteem group of 2 people, the other is low self-esteem group of 2 people; to confirm whether we can improve limitation that original psychological testing has by comparing mutual reliance of measurement test. Finally, with DAP test gained from correlations between self-esteem and melancholia following as above-mentioned steps, we discovered possibility of realization to get a concrete and individual criteria of evaluation based on Expert System as a way of enhancing accessibility in quantitative manner. 'Digitalizing Measurement Program' of DAP test suggested in this study promote results' reliability based on existing tests and measurement.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.87-101
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• 2019

The sleeve is closely connected with activity in terms of costume. As a kind of overcoat, Dap-ho of the Joseon Dynasty is short-sleeved or sleeveless. Dap-ho, with simple sleeves is convenient for layering and taking off and since it is easily adjustable using a gusset, a slit, or coat string, and this can be applied to layered look-related designs. This study aims to suggest a design item, which sustains the existence of traditional costumes and facilitates diverse layered looks and co-ordination, using the formative elements of Dap-ho. For this study, theoretical backgrounds and relics of Dap-ho of the Joseon Dynasty were analyzed, based on the previous studies, ancient literature, "The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty", and relics preserved in museums. The analysis targeted nine relics that show the birth and death years and the constructive changes in shapes, colors, materials of Dap-ho. Formative elements of Dap-ho were applied to the designing and the manufacturing of clothes for middle-aged women in their fifties and the research conclusions are as follows. First, from a morphological perspective, the silhouette, gusset, slit, and the indirectly attached coat string of Dap-ho are good to be used as various design items for covering the body shapes of middle-aged women, and the short-sleeved or sleeveless type is convenient to be layered. Second, when it comes to the material, it is possible to emphasize a traditional image and practicality at the same time by mixing and matching the Hanbok cloth and cotton. Third, in relation to the colors, the coexistence-based color arrangement method considering the theory of Yin and Yang can be applied to modern clothes and this makes it possible to express a traditional image in a harmonious way.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.421-429
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• 2012

Lately, the number of interventional radiology is increased by the extension of procedure in medical radiation, and radiation exposure may be appeared differently by interventional radiologists, it is caused increase of radiation dose for radiation worker, patient, and radiologists. This study has done a comparative analysis characteristic of radiation exposure for five radiologists who executed interventional cardiology for 303 patients in S university hospital of Gyeong-Buk from Nov. 1, 2011 to Jan. 31, 2011. The average exposure time of five radiologists was 697.95sec. The average of cumulative DAP(exp) for patients was $52,730mGycm^2$ and the average of total DAP for patients was $104,875.14mGycm^2$. The average of frames for image was 855.52 frames in acquired images, and the average of frames for images was 802.2 frames in exposure images. They were statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Exposure time, cumulative DAP(fluro), cumulative DAP(exp), total DAP, acquired image, and exposure image were high correlation except cumulative DAP(exp), and acquired runs in x-ray exposure characteristics of machine. Exposure time was a great influence on radiologist. It signified that the more exposure time lead to the more radiation dose for radiologist. Radiation dose is related to ability, experience, difficulty, and precision of procedures in interventional procedure. The number of angiography and exposure time is difficult to control by radiologists. Therefore, it is in need of reasonable system which was evaluated the real dose of medical teams in interventional proceedings. We think that self education and training are required to reduce radiation dose for radiologists and radiation workers.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.136-140
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• 2016

In this study, a series of dimer acid-based polyamides with different diamines were synthesized by condensation polymerization and the polyamides were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Effects of diamine structures on mechanical and thermal properties of polyamides were investigated. The tensile strength and lap shear adhesion strength of aromatic-based polyamide (DAP) were higher than those of aliphatic-based polyamide (DAH). In DSC thermogram, DAP has a high $T_g$ and $T_m$ compared with DAH. DAP's and DAH's softening point were $112-115^{\circ}C$ and $98-121^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38C no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2013

In 2012, Woosik Bae proposed a DAP3-RS(Design of Authentication Protocol for Privacy Protection in RFID Systems) using the hash function and AES(Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithm to hide Tag's identification and to generates variable data in every session. He argued that the DAP3-RS is safe from spoofing attack, replay attack, traffic analysis and etc. Also, the DAP3-RS resolved problem by fixed metaID of Hash-Lock protocol using AES algorithm. However, unlike his argue, attacker can pass authentication and traffic analysis using by same data and fixed hash value on the wireless. We proposed authentication protocol based on AES algorithm. Also, our protocol is secure and efficient in comparison with the DAP3-RS.