• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.121-127
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• 2015

Recently, LVDC(Low Voltage Direct Current) has been came into the newly spotlight with HVDC(High Voltage Direct Current) and as increasing digital load, DC power supply and high quality of demand is also getting extended. In accordance with the report of EPRI(Electric Power Research Institute), they expect digital load will grow to 50% of whole load in 2020. Subsequently, the use of DC equipment will grow dramatically. Therefore, the careful adoption of LVDC standardization policy is urgently required for the safety of people, prevention of confusion and occupancy of the market.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1746-1752
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• 2014

This paper presents an application of proportional-resonant (PR) current controllers in modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) system under unbalanced voltage conditions. The ac currents are transformed and controlled in the stationary reference frame (${\alpha}{\beta}$-frame). Thus, the complex analysis of the positive and negative sequence components in the synchronous rotating reference frame (dq-frame) is not necessary. With this control method, the ac currents are kept balanced and the dc-link voltage is constant under the unbalanced voltage fault conditions. The simulation results based on a detailed PSCAD/EMTDC model confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.54 no.12
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• pp.567-572
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• 2005

Recently, application area of the thyristor is extends to power conversion systems, such as HVDC, BTB, SVC and FACTS. Therefore, reliability diagnostic technique on thyristor is needed to obtain stability and maintenance of power conversion systems. To measure the characteristics of the thyristor, test equipments which based on IEC 747-6 and KS C 7023 standard are needed. In this paper, we presents the design and manufacture of the test equipments for 6.5kV/4.2kA thyristor which used in thyristor valve of HVDC conversion systems by using test standard. Voltage, current, dv/dt and turn-off time test equipments were designed and manufactured. Each systems were made separately, but unity operation can possible.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2014.07a
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• pp.389-390
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• 2014

고압직류송전 (High Voltage Direct Current, HVDC) 시스템의 모듈형 멀티레벨 컨버터 (Modular Multilevel Converter, MMC)는 EMT (Electromagnetic Transients) 시뮬레이션으로 구현 시 많은 연산시간을 요구하므로 시간 단축을 위한 가속설계가 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 스위칭 함수를 이용한 등가 모델을 이용하여 각 암을 하나의 전압원으로 단순화하였다. 본 가속모델의 유효성을 검증하기 위해 PSCAD/EMTDC에서 제공하는 반도체 스위치를 이용한 모델과 비교하여 시뮬레이션 수행시간을 비교하였다.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1218-1223
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• 2019

In HVDC systems, the full-bridge submodule increases the number of components compared to the half-bridge submodule, but the failure-rate can be reduced by securing 100 % redundancy. However, full-bridge submodules require more complex control algorithms to ensure the redundancy and to prevent arm-short with sufficient dead-time. To solve this problem, we analyse the failure-rate of the paralleled half-bridge configuration with the same number of components and 100 % redundancy as the full-bridge submodule. The fault tree analysis (FTA) method is applied to the conventional part failure analysis to reflect the operation risk of the submodule, thereby predicting the life-cycle of the submodule more accurately. To verify the validity, the failure-rate results of the proposed FTA based analysis method are compared with the failure rate obtained by the part failure method.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2016

A modular multilevel converter is widely adapted for a high-voltage direct current power transmission system. This study proposes a design methodology for a novel digital control that mitigates the negative effects caused by time delay, including communication transport delay for a modular multilevel converter. The modeling and negative effect of time delay are analyzed theoretically in a frequency domain, and its compensation methodology based on an inverse model is described fully with practical considerations. The proposed methodology is verified through several simulation results using a modular 21-level converter system.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1066-1073
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• 2015

This paper proposes a control strategy based on the frequency detection method, comprising a current control and a feed-forward voltage control loop, is proposed for grid-interactive power conditioning systems (PCS). For continuous provision of power to critical loads, PCS should be able to check grid outages instantaneously. Hence, proposed in the present paper are a frequency detection method for detecting abnormal grid conditions and a controller, which consists of a current controller and a feedforward voltage controller, for different operation modes. The frequency detection method can detect abnormal grid conditions accurately and quickly. The controller which has current and voltage control loops rapidly helps in load voltage regulation when grid fault occurs by changing reference and control modes. The proposed seamless transfer control strategy is confirmed by experimental results.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2294-2305
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• 2016

The introduction of a high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) system based on a modular multilevel converter (MMC) for wind farm integration has stimulated studies on methods to control this type of converter. This research article focuses on the control of the AC voltage and circulating current for a wind-farm-side MMC (WFS-MMC). After theoretical analysis, emotional learning (EL) controllers are proposed for the controls. The EL controllers are derived from the learning mechanisms of the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex which make the WFS-MMC insensitive to variance in system parameters, power change, and fault in the grid. The d-axis and q-axis currents are respectively considered for the d-axis and q-axis voltage controls to improve the performance of AC voltage control. The practicability of the proposed control is verified under various conditions with a point-to-point MMC-HVDC system. Simulation results show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional proportional-integral controller.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1471-1481
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• 2014

This paper presents the new power dissipation model of individual switching device in a high-level modular multilevel converter (MMC), which can be mostly used in voltage sourced converter (VSC) based high-voltage direct current (HVDC) system and flexible AC transmission system (FACTS). Also, the voltage balancing method based on sorting algorithm is newly proposed to advance the MMC functionalities by effectively adjusting switching variations of the sub-module (SM). The proposed power dissipation model does not fully calculate the average power dissipation for numerous switching devices in an arm module. Instead, it estimates the power dissipation of every switching element based on the inherent operational principle of SM in MMC. In other words, the power dissipation is computed in every single switching event by using the polynomial curve fitting model with minimum computational efforts and high accuracy, which are required to manage the large number of SMs. After estimating the value of power dissipation, the thermal condition of every switching element is considered in the case of external disturbance. Then, the arm modeling for high-level MMC and its control scheme is implemented with the electromagnetic transient simulation program. Finally, the case study for applying to the MMC based HVDC system is carried out to select the appropriate insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) module in a steady-state, as well as to estimate the proper thermal condition of every switching element in a transient state.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.238-243
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• 2014

This paper dealt with the measurement and analysis of partial discharge (PD) under high voltage direct current (HVDC) in SF6 gas. Electrode systems such as a protrusion on conductor (POC), a protrusion on enclosure (POE), a crack on epoxy plate and a free particle (FP) were fabricated to simulate the insulation defects. The analysis system was designed with a Time-Frequency (T-F) map algorithm programed based on LabVIEW. This can arrange the acquired PD pulses into frequency and time domain. A HVDC power source is composed of a transformer (220 V/50 kV), a diode (100 kV) and a capacitor (50 kV, 0.5 ${\mu}F$). The gap between the electrodes is 3 mm, and the $SF_6$ gas was set at 5 bar. PD pulses were detected by a 50 ${\Omega}$ non-inductive resistor. In the analysis, PD pulses were distributed below 0.5 MHz and 20 ns ~ 35 ns for the POC, 0.7 MHz ~ 1.7 MHz, below 0.6 MHz and 10 ns ~ 40 ns and 60 ns ~125 ns for the POE, below 0.1 MHz and 135 ns ~ 215 ns for the crack, and below 1.6 MHz and 250 ns for the FP.