• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.275-282
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• 2010

The purpose of culvert design is to determine optimum size for a safe drainage of flood discharge. The present method of culvert design in Korea is generally carried out by using "Road Drainage Design" of Korea Expressway Corporation (1991), which is based on the manual of Federal Highway Association (FHWA) of USA. However, this method may result in subjective error because of using graphs and the usage of nomograph can be a major obstacle for computer modelling. Some errors found in the previous works of culvert design are corrected, and a new logic has been developed for a simple determination of culvert size in this study. FHWA (1985) presents a nomograph to determine the critical water depth and the velocity head for a circular pipe, but in this study simple explicit equations have been developed to determine both respectively.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.7
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• pp.587-598
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• 2014

Recently runoff reduction facilities such as detention ponds were rarely used and limited primarily to cases. A specific installation criteria and method of design for runoff reduction facilities is insignificant in our country. Also it has difficult problems with quantification. A detention pond being installed at outfalls and generalized in our country is adopted as basic form with infiltration facilities because quantification index for runoff reduction facilities have not been developed. A processing of detention pond design has to determinate storage volume and outlet form is very complex and wasting human resources and time in the planning step. In this study, we have been unified FFC11-SimPOND being able to simply calculate size with simplified design method of culvert outlet and made a computing model (SimPOND-CO) for practical users.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.225-228
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• 2008

In case of nonlinear analysis for reinforced concrete structure, the characteristics of the failure, which are depend on loading conditions, such as tension splitting, compression crushing and shear distortion should be considered. On the analytical evaluation for the failure behavior of these, the finite element techniques is the most widely used. After the maximum load, however, an analytical results by finite element technique are depending on the size of the element. In this study, integral nonlocal model which is one of those study for overcoming the element sensitivity and dependancy, used for the failure analysis of box culvert specimen. Comparing on the experimental and analytical results, validity and reliability of integral nonlocal model are investigate.

• Water for future
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.123-131
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• 1994

A plunge pool is often employed as an energy-dissipating device at the end of a spillway or a pipe culvert. A jet from spillways or pipes frequently generates a scour hole which threatens the stability of the hydraulic structure. Existing scour prediction formulas of plunge pool of spillways or pipe culverts give a wide range of scour depths, and it is, therefore, difficult to accurately predict those scour depths. In this study, a new experimental method and new scour prediction formulas under submerged circular jet for large bed materials with shallow tailwater depths were developed. A major variale, which was not used in previous scour prediction equations, was the ratio of jet size to bed material size. In this study, jet momentum acting on a bed particle and jet diffustion theory were employed to derive scour prediction formulas. Four theoretical formulas were suggested for the two regions of jet diffusion, i.e., the region of flow establishment and the region of established flow. The semi-theoretically developed scour prediction formulas showed close agreement with laboratory experiments performed on a movable bed made of large spherical particles.

• Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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• v.6
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• pp.1-11
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• 1995

A plunge pool is often employed as an energy-dissipating device at the end of a spillway or a pipe culvert. A jet from spillways or pipes frequently generates a scour hole which threaten the stability of the hydraulic structure. Existing scour prediction formulas of plunge pool of spillways or pipe culverts give a wide range of scour depths, and it is, therefore, difficult to accurately predict those scour depths. In this study, a new experimental method and new sour prediction formulas under submerged circular jet for large bed materials with shallow tailwater depths were developed. A major variable, which was not used in previous scour prediction equations, was the ratio of jet size to bed material size. In this study, jet momentum acting on a bed particle and jet diffustion theory were employed to derive scour prediction formulas. Four theoretical formulas were suggested for the two regions of jet diffusion, i.e., the region of flow establishment and the region of established flow. The semi-theoretically developed scour prediction formulas showed close agreement with laboratory experiments performed on movable bed made of large spherical particles.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.45-53
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• 2012

Hollows are easily made and bearing capacity is lowered near underground structures of concrete pavement because of poor compaction and long term settlement of the ground. Distresses occur and lifespan is shortened because of larger stress induced by external loadings expected than that in the design. In this paper, the distresses of the concrete pavement slab over box culverts were investigated at the Korea Expressway Corporation(KEC) test road. The transverse cracking of the slabs over the culverts was compared between up and down lines with different soil cover depth. The box culvert without soil cover and concrete pavement were modeled and analyzed by the finite element method(FEM) to verify the transverse cracking at the test road. Wheel loading was applied after self weight of the pavement and temperature gradient of the concrete slab at Yeojoo, Gyeonggi where the test road is located were considered. Positions of maximum tensile stress and corresponding positions of the wheel loading were found for each loading combination. Joint position minimizing the maximum tensile stress was found and optimal slab length over the culverts with diverse size were suggested.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.2078-2083
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• 1970

The purpose of this study is to give the data neccesary for improving the planning of drainage structures, specially inverted siphons, in irrigation channels. With the samples of 15 drainage inlets, one drainage flume, 16 drainage inverted siphons and 6 drainage culverts in the 3 lines of irrigation channel under Chong-Won Irrigation Association, author abtained the following results. 1. It is presumed that design drainage discharge should be determined with some additional reserves, on the basis of the maximum rainfall intensity in local area and the size of drainage area on the topographical map, avoiding the way of eye measure. 2. Location of drainage inlet should be kept away from the place where topography can make lots of wash load, but when unavoidably allowing the inflow into irrigation channel, wash load outlet with even the purpose of drainage, or drainage flume in stead of drainage inlet should be taken account of. 3. It is presumed that drainage flume may be the structure which can perform its function from a structural point of view as far as topography permits. 4. Drainage inverted siphon should be avoided at any place as much as possible; a) In case that location of the siphon would be permitted only at paddy field, drainage area hauing the amount of discharge which requires more than 90cm in diameter could only be allowed. b) In this case, crest elevation of the tank of both inlet and outlet, at least, should not be lower than the surface level of paddy field. c) As far as topography and stratum permit, ratio of depth of outlet tank to head drop should be decreased as much as possible so that discharging efficiency of wash load could increase. d) In case of avoiding the setting of the siphon, irrigation aqueduct, irrigation inverted siphon, or drainage flume should be recommended in accordance with topography. 5. Discharging capability of wash load by drainage culvert appeared to depend hardly upon the diameter of the culvert, but greatly upon the location, specially near village, for there stones and dirts dumped may considerably be piled up. So, a counter plan for that is required.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.1689-1692
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• 2008

In this research, these days extension of electric power station plant and new building plan is tending to more bigger size and much more cooling water for discharge, therefore submarine structure for discharge has needed various types and the large one. The domestic power plant was applied to once-through CW system structure that pipe line type, immersed PC-box culvert type and submarine headrace tunnel type of discharge structure. It is possible that the future structure type of submarine discharge is expected by a case research of application and plan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.89-98
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• 2001

There have been a lot of studies about repair & strengthening of the concrete structure. But there has almost not been my study on section damage effect due to holes drilled out for installing additional facilities or equipment, such as rack on the wall of building or underground culvert system, plumbing system through the column or wall of it, after being occupied. This study is to find out how much the section loss due to holes will give loss of section strength. We cm determine if we repair or reinforce it completely or not, using strength loss from the hole. Hole size of diameter 3cm, 2cm, lcm, depth of 3cm, 5cm, 10cm, and position of each hole has been considered as variables of this study. It is concluded that section loss 30% results in 53% of strength damage.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.625-629
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• 2010

암거 수리설계는 상류부의 수위를 과다하게 상승시키지 않는 상태에서 안전하게 계획홍수량을 하류로 소통시킬 수 있도록 최적의 단면을 결정하는 것이다. 현재 국내 암거 설계는 한국도로공사(1991)에서 발표한 "도로배수계획"을 이용하고 있는데, 이는 주로 미국도로성(FHWA)에서 발표한 설계기법을 따른 것이며, 이 기법은 설계항목과 관련되는 설계유량과 지배단면을 결정하여 시행오차적인 방법으로 계획 상류부 수심을 산정하는 순서로 진행된다. 상류부 수심을 결정하기 위해서 미국도로성의 기법은 계산도표를 이용하여 손실 수두와 한계수심을 산정한다. 그러나 계산도표를 이용하여 설계할 경우 주관적인 오차가 생길 수 있으며 전산해석에 있어서도 큰 장애요인이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 연구에서 기술된 암거 설계법을 전반적으로 재검토하여 일부 수식 전개 과정에서 발생한 오류를 수정하고, 암거의 규격 산정 시 암거의 형상을 미리 결정하여 암거 프로그램 개발 시 효율적일 것으로 판단되는 새로운 방법을 개발하였다.