• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.129-143
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• 2001

Particular historic events such as revolution and wars have given rise to fashion. Luxurious costume representative of the aristocratic culture since the French Revolution was changed into popular look with the collapse of the royal regime. With the restoration of the royal regime by Napoleon, rapid changes associated with the reemergence of the costume of aristocratic brought an opportunity for the revolutionary fashion of bringing about new fashion in the fashion field. Especially, the New Look Presented by Christian Dior in 1947 shortly after the Second World War would be the typical style of revolutionary fashion. Accordingly, this study attempted to analyse the characteristics of new fashion regarding how new fashion occurred and developed in changes in revolutionary fashion after the Revolution and the War, in conjunction with the zeitgeist(time split) of rapid social changes. The ultimate purpose of this study was find out the significance of fashion as to how and why fashion changed in relation to the factors of changes in fashion in the history and create new future fashion by reinterpreting new aesthetic consciousness about the characteristic of new fashion found in changes in revolutionary fashion.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.193-208
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• 2001

The changes of neighbor relation by joining communal childcare cooperative are as follows. Neighbors who are cooperative members are consultant who advise on childcare and communal parents who nurture children in communal local society. They are also consultant on problems of couples because one can reveal difficulties and troubles in the relation with the spouse easily to the neighbors. They admit gradually that their daily life can also be shared with other families. Living with neighbors extend the boundary of family and form a sound family culture. On the other hand, because their relationship is satisfactory, they have no need to form relationship with neighbors who are not cooperative members. They regard neighbors who are not cooperative members as 'peoples with different color from us'. Also they recognize exclusive eyesight from neighbor who are not cooperative members. The changes of family relation by joining communal childcare cooperative are as follows. In the relationship between wife and husband, both husband and wife take equal responsibility of childcare and that husband gets to familiar with household matters. In the relationship between parents and children, equality comes true and parents get to blow wars to be good parents. And they neither attach to their children nor bear expansive delusions on their children.

• English & American cultural studies
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.93-113
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• 2018

This paper examines C. S. Lewis's view of myth and religion in the mid-twentieth century England. Lewis provided his social and cultural criticisms for materialistic contemporary culture and a decline in religiosity in Till We Have Faces (1956). Under the agitated influence of the time period and social movements in which he had lived, Lewis's writing uncovers dynamic interactions with the traumatized world aroused by two World Wars and the apocalyptic aura of an upcoming new world. The narrative of Lewis's novel Till We Have Faces, in a larger perspective, presents the mixtures of mythic motifs and nostalgia. On the plot basis, the novel depicts contemporary spiritual blindness and national dissociations. Many criticisms of Lewis have not been exploring the author's keen knowledge of the modern society because of his conspicuous depictions of evil and grace involving religious and medievalist views. Nonetheless, the paper explores how Lewis's apocalyptical views, related to turmoil and nostalgia, uncover complexities of his religious dilemmas between restoring the deteriorated status of the privileged. Ultimately, it analyzes Lewis's consciousness of the social changes related to the larger, more often than not psychological, context of redefining the national empire.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.93-105
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• 2012

Science and technology are deeply based on the invention of photography. The images that were made through machines and scientific process were not just delicate images. Photography was used wherever accurate record and realistic description were needed, such as public culture, art, advertisement, science research and so on, so it became an important part of anthropologic culture. However, the history of photography in the present photography education mainly deal with photographic tendency of famous photographers, the change of art paradigm by time period, social changes through big wars, thus there is a lack of diverse perspective in the history of photography, such as technological perspective. In this study, the history of photography was examined through science and technology, and analyzed how photography was affected and changed by the stage of important technological accomplishment. From this point of view, It will be helpful to understand modern photography, and meaningful to be a good reference. Furthermore, by understanding that photography relies on technology, the people who majored in photography will realize how important studying photographic technology and theories is.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.243-252
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• 2002

Industrial design has been need to made a new tool for human with adaptable to situation the age. But, at early America, it is very difficult that role of design settle down and progress than these days. It is not to he easy newly born in industrial design because of rapidly changing the America situation with multi settlers, the Depression and world wars. There was various design change in short period. So we called the step modern 1920 and the streamlined 1930. The study is background of American design by variety cultures & creatures from 1920s to 1930s. Some of Korea design has affected of America cultures at duration of 6.25 war and now. This study has included early culture & industrial life, designer activity, and at the part of rear new invention, industrial design relate to architect, four leading designers Walter Dorwin league, Norman Bel Geddes, Henry Dreyfuss, Raymond Loewy. In present world situation, It is important in all aspect to understand that early process at America industrial design. Early American culture is constructed from the building block of the puritan ethic and is sheathed by liberal mercantilism, today is became one stir it into the common molting pot.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.155-160
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• 2018

The article studies the effect of US real effective exchange rate and short-term interest rate on Chnise exports and imports using the EGARCH-GED model. This article analyze the effect of US major economic variables on China's exports and imports as the US pushes for interest rate hikes and worsens trade wars with China. The main results are as follows. The US short-term interest rate has a significant positive effect on China's trade volume. Even in the case of China's exports, US short-term interest rate has a significant positive effect. However, in the case of China's imports, in contrast to exports, US short-term interest rate do not have a significant effects and US real effective exchange rate has a significant positive effect. On the other hand, China's policy interest rate has a negative impact on China's imports and not statistically significant, but it has a significant positive effect on China's exports.

• Maritime Security
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-39
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• 2024

This study started with the awareness that domestic studies on China's maritime gray zone strategy have been following the analysis results of previous studies, and that only principled positions and directions for countermeasures remain at the 'declarative and conceptual' level. In order to overcome the above problems, the author analyzed the maritime gray zone strategy being developed in the South China Sea, East China Sea, and the West Sea and Ieodo areas, recognizing that China is developing a maritime gray area strategy based on the 'three warfare' that constitutes its own strategic culture. As a result of the analysis, it is predicted that China's maritime gray zone strategy will be more aggressive in order to occupy the West Sea and Ieodo in the future. As a concept of our naval response strategy, The author proposed to 'neutralize' the development effect of 'three warfare', the basis of China's maritime gray zone strategy, to stop the gradual change in the phenomenon induced by China, and to continuously pursue 'return' to a maritime order based on norms and rules. In this study, a 'concrete and systemized' countermeasure to implement this was presented.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.289-321
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• 1996

After the two big wars (Imjin Woeran and Byungia Horan), the Lee Dynasty confronted rapid transitional periods in almost all aspects of the society. Corruption of the governmental system by the wars and disordered social structures also caused confusion in the social position system. In addition, development of the commercial economic system and monetary economy brought up a new rich middle-class, "Joong in Gyegeup". In ideological aspects, Confucianism indulged in and stick to isms and ics, and the Confucian morality slackened, thus a more pragmatic ideology, "Silhak Sasang", developed. And the emergence of the modern literature and art of the 'common people' was followed by the appearance of the common-people class including those having the common-people concept among the noble-class "Yangban Gyegeup". This evoked a new common costume culture and the fashion appeared. The public could no longer find the power and appeal from the preexisting ruling classes due to the changed role and sense of value. Thus, they sought a new symbolic leader group that would to be the new standard of the newly changed society. That was a group of people called as "Kisaeng" liberal and independent. They were performing social activities, enjoying poetry, music and dancing, and classy dressers, having physically attractive bodies. The erotic as well as luxurious mode proposed by them reflected the trend of that time. It concurred well with the concept and taste of the public, so it was accepted with a good response. That is, by following these leaders, the public achieved their identification and tried to share the prestige of the leaders. For this reason, the Kisaeng group attracted the public attention and led the taste of the public, thereby becoming the influential fashion leaders of that age.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.185-196
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• 1991

The rice culture, the most representative farming in humid regions of East Asia, have been playing a decisive role in supplying finance and staple food of the nations. This situation must be formed with exchange of techniques and interests in the matter betwen China, Korea and Japan. Especially Korea was obligated to playa bridge role because of geographical conditions, thereby the situations of agriculture were repeatedly reclaimed, and recovered by changes of cultures during external aggression, and internal disturbances. Thus, it is obvious that development of rice culture and its techniques was being undaunted in Korea. Nevertheless, in history of Korea, the documents of the government on chronicles of the dynasty were plentiful, while they were very poor in countryside and rural communities, so that it is very hard to search the transition process of rice culture and its techniques. Finally, the faming books that were begun editing from the early Chosun dynasty are here divided chronically and examined, and also the interrelationships are compared and discussed here. The objectives of this study were to discuss the following questions？ How were the dryfarming techniques, introduced from the ancient China by the end of Koryo dynasty, established to fit for our situations？ What were the basis for reestablishment of the techniques with originality？ How were they continued and changed through the internal and external wars in the Chosun dynasty？ What were suggested from these continuously results by the end of the Chosun dynasty?

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.58-67
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• 2015

Expressionism is an art trend that prospered in the early 20th century and was represented in art activities in the diverse fields. As capitalism spread and people underwent wars, people's consciousness became impoverished, and it was created by the artists as a reaction against this, and notable achievements were made in film art and this is called expressive film which still inspires many artists. The modern age is a multicultural age and art is not limited to one area but influences many fields and interchanges and communicates with one another. This study attempts to analyze how an art trend has been passed down and developed and has influenced modern space. The purpose of this study is to derive the keywords of their characteristics through expressive films and to study how expressionism has been transformed and represented by putting them into modern space and to explore new perspectives and directions. First, the theoretical backgrounds of expressionism and expressive films were examined through the analysis of the existing researches, and the types of the characteristics of the space represented in the films were classified. Based on this, the representative expressive films were selected and the keywords of the characteristics of the expressive films were derived. A museum among modern spaces is a space that reflects the art trends and culture of the times and modern spaces are represented best in it. Also, recently the construction of museums has been vitalized and has explosively grown quantitatively and qualitatively, and shows diverse designs to the point that they are called the laboratory of modern architecture, so by analyzing the cases focusing on museums among modern spaces, the conclusion was derived. As a result, it could be seen that the expressive film space is represented diversely in the museums by the architects' inner desire of expression, centering on nonlinear expression, nonobjective form, and representational perception.