• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.582-586
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• 1995

The effects of cultural temperature and nutritional components on the production of ethanol using juice of Pyrus serotina as the substrate for Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 4124 were studied. After anaerobic cultivation in 5L flask of a defined pear juice at 2$0^{\circ}C$, ethanol concentration of 11.5%(v/v) could be obtained. The addition of a small amount of K2S2O5 was essential for the successful production of ethanol. Ethanol concentration could be further enhanced by supplementing a small of various complex nitrogen sources. When 0.05% of yeast extract and 0.05% of (NH4)2HPO4 were added to a defined medium, ethanol concentration obtained after 7 day cultivation at 2$0^{\circ}C$ was 12.3%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.54-58
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• 2008

Despite rapid social changes, there have been little distinctive or fast shifts in living space, and the kind of housing design that could address the diverse need of residents is required. In the future, complex trend that is built on a mix and match of different sorts of styles is expected to be in vogue. The introduction of natural elements and ornamental factors such as books, antiques and art works into living spaces that are artificial things is expected to contribute to helping people lead a richer and Individual life. This study attempted to present a housing design by instilling culture in an existing living space and making it fit into a new lifestyle. After the position of natural and ornamental components was fixed, a contemporary modern living space was designed, for which art works would become necessary and sufficient conditions. A plane figure of the new living space was offered, and then detailed design for each part was provided. Finally, a finalized design pattern that was suitable for the selected concept was presented.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1181-1194
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• 2015

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease transmitted by aerosol droplets and characterized by forming granulomatous lesions. Although the number of people infected in the population is high, the vast majority does not exhibit symptoms of active disease and only 5-10% develop the disease after a latent period that can vary from weeks to years. The bases of the immune response for this resistance are unknown, but it depends on a complex interaction between the environment, the agent, and the host. The analysis of cellular components of M. tuberculosis shows important host-pathogen interactions, metabolic pathways, virulence mechanisms, and mechanisms of adaptation to the environment. However, the M. tuberculosis proteome still remains largely uncharacterized in terms of virulence and pathogenesis. Here, we summarize some of the major proteomic studies performed to scrutinize all the mycobacterial components.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.115-118
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• 2005

Korea has experienced many changes since modern hospitals started to be built. Among these changes, interest in 'Promotion of Curing environment', which is the most fundamental one of the hospital functions, has increased more and more. The lobby makes the first impression of a medical building and that is an important function. Recently, the lobby became highly valued not only as a waiting area or a pathway only but as a cultural area. The lobby is considered simply as a complex and busy area because it plays an important role in the building' communications and access systems and has various uses and functions. Based on the concept of curing environment, the lobby can be planned as a facility combining culture and medical functions by applying multi therapy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.4212-4217
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• 2013

Since genre of popular music began to classified, Alternative Music has been music form with most complex and diverse sub genre. This paper focused on mostly Alternative Rock, which began to attract attention since the 1990's, and analysed the cause for ambiguity of this genre. Therefore we can examine the inevitable limitation of traditional - based on musical form only - classification.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.492-493
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• 2007

We have investigated Electrical Properties of Organic Light-Emitting Diode depending on Varied Temperature using 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum($Alq_3$) as an electron transport and emissive material. We analyzed the electrical properties of organic light emitting diodes by impedance characteristics of ITO/$Alq_3$/Al. Impedance characteristics was measured complex impedance Z and phase e in the frequency range of 40 Hz to $10^7\;Hz$. From these analyses, we are able to interpret electrical Properties of OLED depending on temperature.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.3 s.86
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• pp.361-364
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• 1998

Among the organic sources of nitrogen tested, yeast extract and soytone were excellent for the mycelial growth of Tricholoma matsutake DGUM 26001. The mycelial growth was enhanced, when yeast extract at the concentration up to 1.0% was added to the starchpyridoxine medium. After 30-day cultivation of the mycelia at $24^{\circ}C$ in the medium supplemented with yeast extract, 518 mg/50 ml of dry mycelia could be harvested.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1650-1658
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• 2018

Multilevel converters are being widely used in medium-voltage high-power applications including motor drive systems, utility power transmission, and distribution systems. Selective harmonic elimination (SHE) is a well-known modulation method to generate high quality output voltage waveforms. This paper presents a new simple practical method for generating a generalized five-level waveform without selected low order harmonics. This method is based on a phase-shifted expression for the SHE problem, which can analytically calculate the exact values of switching angles and the feasible modulation index range for three-level and five-level waveforms. The proposed method automatically determines the number of transitions between levels and generates proper output waveform without solving complex trigonometric equations. Due to the simplicity of the computational burden, the real-time implementation of the proposed algorithm can be performed by a simple processor. Simulation and experiment results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.71 no.4
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• pp.329-339
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• 2019

Assessment of failure probability, especially for a complex structure, requires a considerable number of calls to the numerical model. Reliability methods have been developed to decrease the computational time. In this approach, the original numerical model is replaced by a surrogate model which is usually explicit and much faster to evaluate. The current paper proposed an efficient reliability method based on Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP) as a robust variant of genetic programming (GP). GP has been applied in different fields; however, its application to structural reliability has not been tested. The current study investigated the performance of MGGP as a surrogate model in structural reliability problems and compares it with other surrogate models. An adaptive Metropolis algorithm is utilized to obtain the training data with which to build the MGGP model. The failure probability is estimated by combining MCS and MGGP. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method were investigated with the help of five numerical examples.

• Korean Linguistics
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• v.62
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• pp.223-261
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• 2014

From the perspective of cross-cultural communication, it can be easily assumed that non-natives may have great difficulty understanding names of Korean dishes with covert information considering that even understanding those with overt information is a demanding task for them. Complex issues raised by cultural and linguistic differences hinder non-natives from having a clear understanding on names of Korean dishes. In order to resolve this problem, this paper focuses on providing clues to overcoming obstacles of cross-cultural communication in understanding names of Korean dishes by presenting issues including following cases:1. Analysis on types of Korean dish names with covert information in comparison to dish names with overt information. 2. Names of dishes made with a single contain covert information regarding a specific cooking and processing method. 3. A particular aspect regarding Korean food culture is that morphemes with a meaning of meat or flesh('gogi', 'sal', 'yook') contained in dish names indicate covert information that the dish is made of 'beef'.