• 중국학논총
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• 제62호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2019

Brothel in China is another word of origin and a noble expression at the same time. Brothel has long been used as a symbol of prestige and wealth as a synonym for integrity innocence. According to documentary records, brothel was used as a place where people with a lot of power and wealth. This meaning in the literature continued until the Late Tang period. In addition, the brothel was also used to refer to the place where the King resides. Therefore, the meaning of Brothel in the Tang period is generally understood as a place where people with high status symbolize the integrity of innocence. However, the image of the brothel, which is connected to the characteristics of a lot of young and beautiful women is increasingly recognized as a place where young ladies reside. For this reason, entering the Tang period the brothel eventually turned into a dwelling of a young woman in a prestigious and wealthy house. Since the time of Ming-Qing, brothel has already been used to refer to prostitute and brothel. In this article, we will look at the historical process of the change of brothel, and examine the process of brothel culture through the environment of brothel and cultural literacy of residents. We hope that this study will provide new perspectives and data to the study of women's cultural history in China.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권11호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to explore the normative expectations of positive emotions such as happiness and pride in Korean culture by analyzing the children's textbooks in the Chosen Dynasty period. The method of this study was document analysis and the materials for analysis were 'Dongmongsensp', 'Gyukmongyogyul', 'Myungimbogam', and 'Sohak', that were the textbooks for children's education and invoked the ethics of individual life based on Confucianism. The analysis was focused on the antecedent events, emotional consequences, and emotional regulation in the emotional process of happiness and pride. According to the analysis, happiness was caused by the accomplishment of cultural tasks such as supporting parents, observing laws, being moderate, improving oneself with reading good books, and modeling good deeds, as well as parents' love, which had desirable consequences. Hence, the emotional regulation was to enhance happiness, but far as immoderate experience of happiness, the regulatory rule was expected to suppress it. Also, the antecedents of pride were those demonstrating to have power or occupying a high social position, and the consequences of pride led to self-destruction, and pride was therefore not allowed to be expressed. Consequently, happiness was enhanced because it motivated individuals to accomplish cultural tasks of interdependence, whereas pride was inhibited because it tended to disengage self from social connectedness.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권29호
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• pp.199-220
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• 2008

Hobun(Oyster shell White) is a traditional material used as extender and white pigment from ancient times. The production method of it, however, has been discontinued. We have studied the traditional production method of Hobun by weathering oyster shell, which is one of the traditional ways for preparing Hobun. Reproduction study of manufacturing method of the discontinued traditional material is an important accomplishment of our research. Also this study provides solid background knowledge to stabilize the production and supply of Hobun for the cultural asset repairing materials. The result can be summarized as follows: The production process of Hobun by weathering method takes 5 steps - (1) weathering shells ${\rightarrow}$ (2) washing ${\rightarrow}$ (3) pulverization ${\rightarrow}$ (4) separating fine powder by submerging in water ${\rightarrow}$ (5) drying. The major aim in step (1) is to eliminate organic impurities. In the step (4), the fine particles smaller than $25{\mu}m$ are separated by extracting the supernatant from stirred suspension after heavy particles are submerged. Also, the soluble inorganic impurities can be eliminated through the powder submerge in 15 times water and stirring the suspension 6 hours and changing the water 3~4 times. The final products have high quality with 94.03, 0.52, 2.05 for L, a, b, less than $25{\mu}m$ particle size, fine resistance for discoloration by light and environmental pollution and good workability.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2009

Danchung(丹靑) is the traditional Korean patterns that are decorated with various colorful patterned paintings upon each sections of wooden architecture. Although Danchung consists of variety patterns with the meaningful signs and symbols, as an accomplishment of Korean traditional images, there is a few fashion merchandise by Danchung patterns. Therefore, the purpose of this study is about to design Jacquard fabrics, and to develop bags of Jacquard fabric by Danchung patterns, as a differentiated cultural Fashion Merchandise. The theoretical background was researched for the geometric image of Danchung patterns on the basis of the basic elements, compositions and symbolic meanings of Danchung. The geometric image of Danchung patterns, which had the shape of circle, triangle, square and hexagon, was designed to the surface design by Jacquard CAD system(i.e., EAT Designscope by Germany) and woven into Jacquard fabrics by Stabuli electronic Jacquard system. Danchung patterns for fabric design in this study was mainly focused on 'ChipJaGum', 'SamJiChangGum', 'ShouSulGum', Moro patterns of lotus flower(蓮花), Rok-Wha(綠花) and so on. To development bags of jacquard fabric, those woven jacquard fabrics were manufactured to bags by applying the selected of twelve bag-designs among the current bag styles. These manufactured bags of jacquard fabrics in geometric Danchung patterns were appeared a contemporary yet ethnic feeling so that they can be used for the unique korean cultural products to further commercialization.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.31-50
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• 2008

The current and ethnic issues represented in child-rearing practices of Korean-Chinese families in YanBian, China, were studied with the participation of 7 primary caregivers (4 mothers and 3 grandmothers) of young children who were interviewed and observed in their homes. Current issues were categorized as competitive bilingual ability, expectations about third language learning (English), expectations of high academic accomplishment and early education, and economic challenges in parenting. Ethnicity issues included ethnic pride as Korean-Chinese, conflicts of ethnic education, participation in local Korean culture, and rearing the child to have the self-expressive and assertive characteristics of typical Korean children. Results were discussed in terms of understanding and supporting child-rearing of minorities and families with multi-cultural background.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2003

Domestic hotel businesses are confronted with new market circumstances. Clear accounting and moral management in company which have been reserved or ignored during the past high economic growth period were emphasized. As global standard such as international standard of accounting system, clear accounting, international standard management, and flexibility of employment are emphasized, which is different management is now accomplishing. During these system changes, organization member's identity was threatened a lot. So organization members were required to adopt new environment. Hotel have influence on organizational accomplishment, thought and behavioral response of organization members according to cultural type and share of organization culture. This study are focused culinary team culture as subculture in hotel. What kind of culture more effective to the culinary group\ulcorner What kind of culture are grouped each hotel, include difference imported brand hotel and domestic brand hotel.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2011

In 2006, 41% of newly-married Korean men living in agriculture or fishery area were married to foreign wives. These foreign wives suffer social, cultural, and psychological maladjustment. They need support in understanding Korean culture & language, economic independence, and mental health. This horticultural therapy program (HT program) was practiced to help the foreign wives gain emotional stability, to help them adapt to rural society, and to help them improve the relationship with their families. The participants of this HT program were 10 foreign wives, 5 Chinese, 2 Vietnamese, 1 Japanese, 1 Thai, and 1 Filipina. Total sessions were 12, and each session lasted for two hours. This program started April and ended July in 2007. After this program, self-esteem of participants increased from 29.6 to 33.5, and stress decreased from 77.3 to 64.7. Participants also expressed sense of satisfaction and accomplishment after the program.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.176-189
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• 2010

본 연구는 '20년 이상의 장기 기획 TV드라마 콘텐츠가 창출하는 문화, 경제적으로 효과'에 대해 주목하고 있다. 연구결과 장기기획 TV드라마는 방송국의 시청률 제고에 결정적인 도움을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 후지TV의 21년 장기 기획 드라마 '북쪽의 고향에서'를 사례로 선정해 분석한 결과, 21년 동안 방송된 이 드라마의 시청률은 방송초기에 비해 종료기에 배 이상 높아진 것으로 나타났다. 또 연기자와 각본가 등 미디어 콘텐츠 생산인력을 육성, 그 나라의 콘텐츠생산능력 등 문화적 역량을 키우는데 큰 기여를 하는 것으로 분석됐다. 후지TV는 이 드라마를 시작하면서 2명의 남녀 연기자를 발굴, 지속적으로 키워감으로써 일본 연예계에 연기력으로 승부하는 새로운 배우를 배출하는 문화적 성과를 거두었다. 뿐만 아니라 장기 기획 드라마는 드라마가 촬영, 제작된 지역의 관광산업진흥 등 지역경제발전에도 결정적으로 기여하는 것으로 나타났다. 드라마 '북쪽의 고향에서'는 드라마 제작의 주무대였 던 홋카이도의 후라노라는 지역을 21년 동안 일본 국민들에게 알림으로써 후라노의 브랜드파워를 높이는데 결정적인 역할을 한 것으로 분석됐다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.57-73
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• 2000

The Purpose of this study is to scrutinize the time structure and time use pattern of North Korean and to identify the differences of time use patterns between South and North Korean Societies. To carry out this Purpose in-depth interviews with ten people who escaped from North Korea after 1990 and empirical survey with 158 subjects were conducted. The findings are as follows. The characteristics of time life of North Korean are uniform time use pattern in tightly scheduled daily life and shortage of disposable time and constraint of free time due to job related labor, extra job activities including learning, meeting and evaluation, and labor mobilization. Women are faced with heavy burden of doing job and housework in the continuing patriarchal way of thinking and in the circumstances of poor housing environment. In North, Leisure time is constraint and leisure facilities are poor and the concept of leisure is totally different as that of South. North Korean think leisure as connecting with work and education and as public sphere, not private sphere. I this context leisure is considered as means for the strengthening of the communist society. Differences in the perception of time life through defectors are as follows. In South, there are plenty of leisure time and man can control his own time. Man spend his free time for various activities, especially for cultural activities such as sports, recreation, eating out with families and spend time till late in the outdoors. This study revealed differences in many aspects of time life between South and North Korean societies. These results will provide useful informations for the overcome of differences of cultural life of South and North Korean societies and accomplishment of the real integration of two societies.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제33권
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• pp.331-358
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• 2013

This paper looks into several aspects of linguistic behaviors attested in Korean and American English corpora. A special attention is paid to the areas of politeness phenomena, terms of address, power and solidarity, practice of flattery, and closely-related non-linguistic behaviors such as tipping and gift-giving conventions. An analysis of the data reveals that Korean society remains very much superior-oriented, non-egalitarian, non-democratic despite the pride and sense of accomplishment among the populace that the nation has achieved a satisfactory level of democracy. In particular, the following facts in Korean and the Korean society are exposed by an examination of the data: ${\bullet}$ There is a notional gap of positive politeness ${\bullet}$ Superiors enjoy an unfair advantage in the power and solidarity system ${\bullet}$ The terms of address system is set up to make a clear distinction between levels and the terms of address, in turn, dictate norms of expected behavior ${\bullet}$ The notion and practice of flattery heavily favors superiors ${\bullet}$ Non-linguistic acts of gift-giving and tipping are consistent with the examined social interactions As a result, all the benefits, emotional as well as material, are garnered by superiors. These facts may reflect the real Korea that people are used to being comfortable with, a pre-modern, feudalistic society, something akin to its kin in the north. We may proclaim that we aspire to a more democratic society. However, it appears Koreans, deep inside, may have been seeking a powerful dictator all along. These findings help provide a partial but insightful clue to the political puzzle: why Koreans grew uncomfortable with an egalitarian and democratic president and could not save him, but instead replaced him with a succession of a corrupted businessman and the authoritarian daughter of a former dictator. The flight to democracy has stalled in midair, not quite making the grade yet. There is plenty of linguistic evidence in Korean.