• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2019

Chinese xian-xia films is a new genre that occurred through the fusion of the genre of martial arts and fantasy. This study analyzed the development of xian-xia films and the space aesthetics of xian-xia films through the miseenscene of the journey to the west films. In particular, the space for xian-xia in the films is divided into the human, urinary, heaven world and the space of conflict. It looks like the fantastic Middle Earth that Tolkien presented, however it is discriminatory in that it shows a highly Chinese appearance and overlapping world centered on the natural environment (the world of Mountains and Livers), such as mountains, deserts, caves, and grasslands, which usually appears in traditional martial arts history. Resently, the boom of journey to the west films is regarded as the change of the Chinese film industry under the influence of the development of IP (Intellectual Property) industry and the western fantasy genre in the 21st century China. This change marks the birth of the new Chinese fantasy "xian-xia" genre with the spirit of the present era that transcends the original world of journey to the west through the hybridization of the genre.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.161-170
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• 2018

In this paper, the aspects of recollection discourse during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 are discussed. As a research method the dialectic of oblivion is used. The results of the study are like these: first, the hero discourse of Lee Soon-Sin was the center of the discourse of the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592 until the 20th century. In the two books Jingbirok and A War Diary written at that time, the subjective and objective description of the war was essential. However, it has a limit that it can't describe the real situation of the war that the people and the soldiers went through, as it focuses on Lee Soon-Sin's inner thoughts. Second, in the 21st century The Song of Sword written by Kim Hoon deals with the inner mind of Lee Soon-Sin in monologue unlike the usual hero discourse. Although as we can see in the records about the marine righteous army, people centered discourse description of the war shows a different way of discourse about the Imjin War. The movie, Myeongryang directed by Kim Han-Min tries to modify the way of remembering the war and presents the real heroes were the people and Lee Soon-Sin was a additional character in the war by showing a lot of battle scenes in the sea. The truth of history can't be found by only researching the recorded materials. As cultural texts dealing with the way of remembering the war, the novel shows a struggling individual not a hero and the movie focuses on that people's active participation led the victory of the war.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.439-450
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• 2019

The purpose of the study was to critically explore the academic identity of dance education as a paradigm of practice-based education. Dance education is recognized as a school dance since the first curriculum was designed, which was announced by the Ministry of Education in 1955. Although Korea's dance education has 65 years of history, its academic identity as a dance education is not very strong. Traditional dance education was teacher-centered, skills-oriented, and exercise-oriented by following the practice-based paradigm. Recently, an initiative was taken to establish a new paradigm for dance education in schools, communities, and professional fields. This study followed the keyword network analysis and reviewed the main contents of each section of dance education research from a time-series perspective. The first section (1968-1979) is a practice of dance education based on physical education; the second section (1980-1989) is a creative-based movement education for primary education; the third section (1990-1999) is a systematization of dance education courses by class; the fourth section (2000-2009) is a paradigm for cultural and artistic education; the fifth section (2010-2019) consisted of various educational practices and institutions. Based on the research results, efforts are requested to establish an academic identity that can support dance education, interdisciplinary practice, and research.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.38
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• pp.125-187
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• 2013

This essay would focus on a kinds of new archival strategy. The main frame has been the kinds of activities regulated by laws, or formal activities since 1999. In the case of presidential archives has no another frame. There had never kinds of presidential archives system until President Noh, if anything. It means that the frame has some important points. Although it is, we have to say about the limits of the frame. This essay show 'metaphor frame' for archival system. I think that we have to guess there are methodologies below the two frames. One is quantitative study methodology, and another is qualitative research methodology. The later focuses on the experiences for making narratives. We have to know that this methodology is out of fashioned in the field of history department and cultural anthropology department for the purpose of alternative studies. This essay says about 'archival field description' and 'narrative records' for the new records in archival field. I have to say about that we needs to discuss about kinds of new archival discours. And to conclude, we should manage the records in culture.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
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• v.1
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• pp.28-42
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• 2019

What is unknown about Leibniz (Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, 1646~1716), a great philosopher and mathematician, is that he inquired about ginseng. Why Leibniz, one of the leading figures of the Enlightenment, became interested in ginseng? This paper excavates Leibniz's references on ginseng in his vast amount of correspondences and traces the path of his personal life and cultural context where the question about ginseng arose. From the sixteenth century, Europe saw a notable growth of medical botany, due to the rediscovery of such Greek-texts as Materia Medica and the introduction of a variety of new plants from the New World. In the same context, ginseng, the renowned panacea of the Old World began to appear in a number of European travelogues. As an important part of mercantilistic projects, major scientific academies in Europe embarked on the researches of valuable foreign plants including ginseng. Leibniz visited such scientific academies as the Royal Society in London and $Acad{\acute{e}}mie$ royale des sciences in Paris, and envisioned to establish such scientific society in Germany. When Leibniz visited Rome, he began to form a close relationship with Jesuit missionaries. That opportunity amplified his intellectual curiosity about China and China's famous medicine, ginseng. He inquired about the properties of ginseng to Grimaldi and Bouvet who were the main figures in Jesuit China mission. This article demonstrates ginseng, the unnoticed subject in the Enlightenment, could be an important clue that interweaves the academic landscape, the interactions among the intellectuals, and the mercantilistic expansion of Europe in the late 17th century.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.70-79
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• 2018

This study would suggest a measure for the improvement of the commentary program on the building concentration area of Changdeokgung Palace. In the process of the survey, the researcher attended the commentary site and tape-recorded commentaries two times. The researcher conducted an analysis of the times and contents of the tape-recorded commentaries and evaluated their appropriateness, including historicity and connectivity to the site. In addition, the researcher figured out the commentaries and the visitors' movements through drawings and field surveys and analyzed the locations and conditions of the main facilities. Through a field survey and analysis, it was found out that the commentaries included the facts and anecdotes about the buildings, the related figures and history. However, it was found out that there were very insufficient commentaries on the buildings arranged according to the commentary movements, the outside space, in particular, the traditional landscape facilities. In addition, it was found out that there are areas that would need commentaries and opening for viewing. A proposal for the improvement of the commentary program was drawn up based on the analysis. New commentary points were added, and the commentaries of the outside space of the area and the traditional landscape facilities could improve through modifying the existing commentaries. With the proposal for improvement, the time required was calculated through reading aloud at a speed the same as the existing commentary speed. Through this, it was found out that the proposal for improvement could be implemented within one hour, the same as the present commentary program. This study has a significance that it provided a measure for practical improvement that could provide the visitors with quality commentary information and more interesting experience.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.233-248
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• 2019

This study shows that the Argovian Cantonal School in Aarau, Switzerland, which Albert Einstein attended from 1895 to 1896, had been closely related to the ideological education controversy in German Gymnasium throughout the 19th century. Due to this controversy, Einstein hardly received a formal science education in Bavaria. Despite the lack of formal education in Germany, he had a habit of self-studying from an early age and continued with this practice all through his life. He had a hard time at the authoritarian school in Munich, but at the democratic school in Aarau, where freedom and autonomy were secured, he was able to achieve emotional stability. For a long time, the city Aarau prevailed as a location of tolerance and multi-culturalism, without religious, regional, and national discrimination. This was possible due to the influence of external and unrestricted social mobility, as well as the Enlightenment from France. As a result, this small public school was able to acquire a mass of qualified human resources from outside of Switzerland. As a consequence of the controversy regarding the educational ideology, the Cantonal School adopted practical thoughts and the Enlightenment that fit the spirit of the times. The school consisted of two independent educational organizations: the Gymnasium, where the 'neuhumanistsch' education for the elite training was conducted, and the 'Gewerbeschule', where a more realistic education system was set up to suit the citizen life. In particular, after 1835, the Gymnasium changed gradually from the pure humanistic education to the 'utraquistisch' ways by introducing practical subjects such as natural history. Thereafter, the Cantonal School became an institution that was able to achieve a genuine humanity, academic, and civic life education. Einstein, who attended the 'technische Abteilung' of the 'Gewerbeschule,' considered this school as a role model of an institution that realized true democracy, and that left an unforgettable impression on him.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.47
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• pp.77-100
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• 2017

Memoirs of Hadrian is a representative historical novel of Yourcenar which focuses on the personal history of the Emperor Hadrian of Rome and on his inner side. This study focuses on the love story of Hadrian and Antinous, and examines the specificity of their love in relation to the homosexual culture of ancient Greece, especially pedophilia. Through this topic, we have analyzed the causes of the tragic death of Antinous by capturing the progression of a cycle of pedophilia, a young boy (Eromenos), that grows into manhood as Erastes. This study defines the emperor's efforts to restore Antinous in his own way after a failed love, as a passion toward totality. Therefore, we see the two figures as a process of mythology in which the pie of tragic destiny is transferred to the myth of androgyny that becomes one body and one unity in pedophilia. We see this ancient myth as a concept contrasting with the sense of pedophilia of the emperor, who arbitrarily distinguished between love and pleasure, and believed that the affection calculated with calmness and indifference was a harmony of love. This study explains the intention of Yourcenar in her work to present the value of empathic love, especially sacredness and sublime, which should be a part of sensual love. It also reminds us of the importance of sagacity that a person with power must hold in the happiest and most loving moments of life.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.50
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• pp.53-75
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• 2018

It is commonly emphasized that the metaphor of the monster is a rhetoric universally used to identify the "main enemy" of a society, for its effective function is seen as useful for the uniting of citizens to bend together to survive or succeed before the external threat. The problem of this metaphor is that it homogenizes and dehumanizes the heterogeneous individual members of the subsequently identified enemy group. This study emphasizes the importance of some traits of the posthuman subject, such as the flexibility and the multiplicity of consciousness, to overcome the otherizing binary perspective which is commonly held regarding the concepts of good and evil. To observe specific dimensions of the posthuman consciousness, we analyze three films based on Spanish history and reality: The Spirit of the Beehive, The Day of the Beast and Pan's Labyrinth. All of these films progress around the figure of the enemy-monster(s), showing how to transgress the dichotomous structure of consciousness that defines the self/good dividing it from the other/evil. The heroes in the films seek to overcome the fear about the monster, and approach him to discover new ethical horizons, that can emerge only when an individual's consciousness chooses to stay on the border between the established beliefs and the unfamiliar voice of the dangerous stranger(s).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.15-21
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• 2021

This study studied the value of the spatial organization of the temple and the form of the garden located in the Seojang area in the southwestern regions of China. The value of the Lama temple was looked into by examining the relationship between Lamaism and Lama temple through the spatial organiz ation, building arrangement, and garden of temples that served as the center of history, culture, and politics of the time in the process of converging Buddhism introduced through China's central districts and India with folk beliefs in Seojang through the poor environment. To this end, the value of the space and garden of the Lama temple was derived through the representative Lama temples, Potala Temple, Norbulingka Temple, and Dazhao Temple. First, due to the unique environment in which ice caps and green areas coexist, the representative Lama temples in Seojang, Potala Temple, Norbulingka Temple, and Dazhao Temple, are widely distributed in the form of leaning against valleys and mountain ranges based on folk beliefs and Buddhism's Jatabuli(自他不二) and mandala. the target sites are largely divided into upper and lower spaces. Second, the target sites are largely divided into upper and lower spaces. Buildings for worship are located in the upper space, and spaces for practice and garden are located in the lower space. The garden existed in two main forms. Third, the garden existed in two main forms. Located in the center of the practice space, the garden had an ideal structure to plant bo tree to escape from the two false obsession and go to a world of truth that is with the Buddha behind the world through practice like Sakyamuni, and there was a garden around the temple where meditation and exchange took place. Evergreen coniferous forests are mainly planted in the forests.