• 한국균학회지
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• 제26권3호통권86호
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• pp.361-364
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• 1998

시험한 유기 질소원 중 yeast extract와 soytone이 Tricholoma matsutake DGUM 26001의 균사생장에 가장 우수한 질소원이었다. Yeast extract를 starch-pyridoxine 배지에 1.0% 농도까지 첨가하였을 때, 균사생장이 증가하였다. $24^{\circ}C$에서 30일간 yeast extract가 첨가된 배지에서 배양하였을 때, 50 ml 배양액에서 518 mg의 건조 균사체를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2019

High-resolution $^1H$ NMR spectroscopic technique has been widely used as one of the most powerful analytical tools in food chemistry as well as to define molecular structure. The $^1H$ NMR spectra-based metabolomics has focused on classification and chemometric analysis of complex mixtures. The principal component analysis (PCA), an unsupervised clustering method and used to reduce the dimensionality of multivariate data, facilitates direct peak quantitation and pattern recognition. Using a combination of these techniques, the various green teas and black teas brewed were investigated via metabolite profiling. These teas were characterized based on the leaf size and country of cultivation, respectively.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.538-547
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• 2023

Rapid apple decline (RAD) is a complex phenomenon affecting cultivated apple trees and particularly dwarf rootstocks on grafted young apple trees. Since its first appearance in the United States, RAD has been reported worldwide, for example in Canada, South America, Africa, and Asia. The phenomenon has also been observed in apple orchards in Korea, and it presented similar symptoms regardless of apple cultivar and cultivation period. Most previous reports have suggested that RAD may be associated with multiple factors, including plant pathogenic infections, abiotic stresses, environmental conditions, and the susceptibility of trees to cold injury during winter. However, RAD was observed to be more severe and affect more frequently apple trees on the Malling series dwarf rootstock. In this study, we reviewed the current status of RAD worldwide and surveyed biotic and abiotic factors that are potentially closely related to it in Korea.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Soil bacteria play important roles in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling during the non-growing season. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of soil management and chemical properties on the utilization of carbon sources by soil bacteria in paddy fields. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Biolog EcoPlate was used for analyzing community-level carbon substrate utilization profiles of soil bacteria. Soils were collected from the following three types of areas: plain, interface and mountain areas, which were tested to investigate the topology effect. The results of canonical correspondence analysis and Kendall rank correlation analysis showed that soil C/N ratio and NH₄⁺ influenced utilization of carbon sources by bacteria. The utilization of carbohydrates and complex carbon sources were positively correlated with NH₄⁺ concentration. Cultivated paddy fields were compared with adjacent abandoned fields to investigate the impact of cultivation cessation. The level of utilization of putrescine was lower in abandoned fields than in cultivated fields. Monoculture fields were compared with double cropping fields cultivated with barley to investigate the impact of winter crop cultivation. Cropping system altered bacterial use of carbon sources, as reflected by the enhanced utilization of 2-hydroxy benzoic acid under monoculture conditions. CONCLUSION: These results show that soil use intensity and topological characteristics have a minimal impact on soil bacterial functioning in relation to carbon substrate utilization. Moreover, soil chemical properties were found to be important factors determining the physiological profile of the soil bacterial community in paddy fields.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.393-399
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• 2020

The use of different types of wastewater (WW) for the cultivation of microalgae and cyanobacteria during recent decades has provided important economic and environmental benefits. However, direct use of WW can lead to growth inhibition and biomass contamination. In the present study, we separated the key WW nutrients, namely nitrate and phosphate, by adsorption and regeneration and used the resulting regenerated water to cultivate the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis. The adsorbent was granular γ-alumina derived from waste aluminum cans. This procedure recovered 19.9% of nitrate and 23.7% of phosphate from WW. The cyanobacterial cultures efficiently assimilated the nutrients from the medium prepared using regenerated WW, and the growth and nutrient uptake were similar to those in a synthetic medium. In addition, imposing nutrient limitations to increase carbohydrate productivity was easily achieved using regenerated wastewater nutrients, without requiring additional dilution or complex processing. In acute toxicity tests, the harvested biomass in a regenerated medium had similar toxicity levels compared to the biomass obtained from a synthetic medium. The proposed method of using regenerated WW to produce contamination-free biomass has broad potential applications.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2009

The microbial biosurfactants can be substituted to the chemical detergents in some industrial processes. In this study we developed a biotechnological processes for the biosurfactants with microorganisms. The biosurfactants have a lot of advantages in comparision with the chemical surfactants. They are proenvironmental even during and after industrial use. But there are not so many kinds of biosurfactants. The production cost and the end price is much higher than the chemical surfactants. But nowdays there are many kinds of microorganisms, which can produce the surfactants in large quantity and fast. We tried to develop a production process for the large scale with some microorganisms. At first Candida bombicola KCTC 7145, Sphingomonas chungbukensis KCTC 2955 and Sphingomonas yanoikuyae KCTC 2818 are cultivated and studied. For the large scale production process we used molasses as a complex medium and tried to optimize the process. Molasses contains 17 to 25% of water, 45 to 50% of sugar and 25% of carbohydrate, it can be fully used as a substrate. The microorganisms have been cultivated in the diluted media with molasses 2, 5, 8 and 10%, respectively, The optimal conditions for the cultivation and the production process have been studied. For the study the optical density, glucose concentration and the surface tension were measured. Candida bombicola KCTC 7145 and the 5% molasses media was selected as an optimal condition for the production process of a biosurfactant. During cultivation of Candida bombicola KCTC 7145 in the 5% molasses medium kerosene and corn oil were added for promoting the biosurfactants.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.23-23
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• 2022

Recently, soybean production and market price are unstable, even if demand of soybean is maintained. Diverse conditions such as climate change, a decrease in rural population, and consuming affect food industry. In this situation, food security is soaring as important key-word again, and MAFRA is promoting policies for improving soybean self-sufficiency with the goal of 40% until 2030. The point of policy is to extend a production and stabilize a demand for soybean with supporting large-scale soybean paddy-field complex. According to the background, soybean breeding and production research in NICS are proceeded with three parts. First, production improvement with soybean cultivation land enlargement and high-yield cultivar development. Various growth period soybean cultivars for double cropping, irrigation management technologies in paddy field, and hyper-yield and specific-region adaptable cultivar development. Second, reduction of production expense with mechanized cultivation and digital-based field management technologies. Third, consumer-friendly and high quality soybeans with high protein cultivar for alternative protein usage and high food process-ability for soy milk, tofu, soybean sprouts, and grain usage. Each part need to be combined and advanced to improve soybean industry and soybean self-sufficiency.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권2_spc호
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• pp.370-384
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• 2024

Rumen microbiota play a central role in the digestive process of ruminants. Their remarkable ability to break down complex plant fibers and proteins, converting them into essential organic compounds that provide animals with energy and nutrition. Research on rumen microbiota not only contributes to improving animal production performance and enhancing feed utilization efficiency but also holds the potential to reduce methane emissions and environmental impact. Nevertheless, studies on rumen microbiota face numerous challenges, including complexity, difficulties in cultivation, and obstacles in functional analysis. This review provides an overview of microbial species involved in the degradation of macromolecules, the fermentation processes, and methane production in the rumen, all based on cultivation methods. Additionally, the review introduces the applications, advantages, and limitations of emerging omics technologies such as metagenomics, meta-transcriptomics, metaproteomics, and metabolomics, in investigating the functionality of rumen microbiota. Finally, the article offers a forward-looking perspective on the new horizons and technologies in the field of rumen microbiota functional research. These emerging technologies, with continuous refinement and mutual complementation, have deepened our understanding of rumen microbiota functionality, thereby enabling effective manipulation of the rumen microbial community.

• 환경생물
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.680-686
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• 2018

작물 재배시에 질소비료와 유기물인 헤어리베치 그리고 LCU효과지연성 복합비료 등 질소공급원별로 토양에 시용하여 $N_2O$ 배출에 영향을 주는 요인들의 특성을 조사하였다. 그리고 그 요인들이 $N_2O$ 배출에 얼마나 영향을 주는지를 정량적으로 밝히고 온실가스 배출의 영향 인자들에 대해 온실가스 감축 효과를 종합적으로 평가하였다. $N_2O$ 배출에 영향을 미치는 요인은 토양온도, 토양수분과 무기태질소 등이다. 이 세 가지 요인 중 $N_2O$ 배출에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 요인은 무기태질소(콩 65.5%, 51.2%)>토양수분함량(콩 19.2%, 고추 28.8%)>토양온도(콩 15.2%, 고추 22.0%) 순으로 나타났다. 수량과 비료이용효율은 LCU효과지연성 복합비료 처리에서 가장 높았다. $N_2O$ 배출량은 LCU효과지연성 복합비료와 NPK+헤어리베치 처리에서 차이를 보이지 않아 종합적인 결과는 수량과 비료이용효율 그리고 낮은 $N_2O$ 배출량을 보인 LCU효과지연성 복합비료 처리가 가장 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 앞으로 $N_2O$ 배출을 저감할 수 있는 토양 양분관리 기술 개발 연구가 확대되면 온실가스 배출저감 대책에 도움이 될 것으로 기대할 수 있다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2005

Nectria haematococca에 의한 착색단고추 줄기 및 과실썩음병은 착색단고추의 안정 생산에 가장 큰 장애요인이 되고 있으나 아직까지 마땅한 방제방법이 없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 착색단고추에 등록된 살균제 중 본 병해 방제에 가장 우수한 농약을 선발하고자 수행되었다. 시험에 사용한 7종의 살균제 중 프로라츠망간은 10ppm a.i.에서 병원균의 균사생장을 완벽하게 억제하였으며 다음은 터부코나졸, 가벤다가스신, 베노밀 순이었다. 병원균의 포자발아 억제효과는 크레소심메틸과 트리프록시스트로빈이 가장 높았고 다음은 프로크로라츠, 베노밀, 아족시스트로빈 등이 높았다. 이들을 락울배지에 관주하였을 약해를 발생하지 않는 최소희석농도는 살균제별로 $2,000\~4,000$배액으로 나타났는데, 터브코나졸은 16,000배액에서도 작물생장을 강력하게 억제시켜 관주처리는 할 수 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 온실포장시험 결과 프로라츠망간이 병 방제효과가 가장 우수하였으며 방제가는 89.9\%$였다. 다음은 지오판이 $80.1\%$로 높았고 아족시스트로빈과 트리프록시스트로빈은 $70\%$, 베노밀과 가벤다$\cdot$가스신은 $60\%$로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 농가에서 직접 활용하기 위해서는 국내 및 수출대상국인 일본의 잔류허용기준을 준수할 수 있도록 관주시기와 횟수 등의 연구가 후속되어야 할 것이다.