• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 1997

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) leads to a cause of poor crop productivity and quality. To solve this problem, we attempted to develop a virus-resistance tobacco plants by using viral coat protein (CP) gene. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing CMV CP gene were analysed by the resistance upon CMV infection. The virus-resistance was measured in $\textrm{T}_{1}$, generation by the inhibition of plant growth and the expression of the mosaic symptoms infected with CMV. The transgenic lines were divided into four groups: highly resistant, resistant, moderate and susceptible based on their growth and symptom severity. Out of 39 transgenic lines, 16 lines showed significant virus-resistance. And of resistant lines, 2 lines were designated highly resistant based on the facts that they achieved similar plant height to that of non-infected tobacco plants and showed lower disease symptom than that of other lines. The steady state level of CP RNA and coat protein level were measured by northern blot and immunoblot analysis. The CP RNA was highly accumulated in most resistant and moderate lines but barely detected in susceptible lines. The coat protein was detected in most lines regardless of their resistance to CMV. from this result, virus-resistance appeared to correlate more with CP RNA level than the level of coat protein. However, in two highly resistant lines, CP RNA level was unexpectedly low. This unexpected phenomenon need to be further investigated.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2007

The incidence of virus disease on peppers was investigated at the 52 areas in the whole country in 2002, 2004 to 2006. Among the six viruses, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV) and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), infecting peppers in Korea, the incidence of CMV, PepMoV, PMMoV and BBWV2 was 29.4%, 13.6%, 14.3%, 25.6%, orderly. TMGMV and TSWV had the same low infection rate of 1.0%. The infection rate of CMV was higher as 53.3% and 34.2% in 2002 and 2004, but it was decreased to 18.2% and 11.9% in 2005 and 2006, respectively. The infection rate of BBWV2 was lower as 1.3% in 2002 and 1.8% in 2004, but it was increased abruptly to 41.3% in 2005 and 58.2% in 2006. For the types of mixed infections of pepper viruses, the incidence of CMV+PepMoV was 62.6% in 2002 and 50.0% in 2004, and that of CMV+BBWV2 was increased suddenly from 33.3% in 2005 to 83.2% in 2006. The triplex infection of CMV+BBWV2+PepMoV was 6.4% in average. CMV caused severe mosaic and BBWV2 induced ring spots, and the two mixed virions caused chlorosis on the leaves of red peppers. TSWV induced the typical symptoms of multiple ring spots on the leaves and fruits of red peppers.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 2010

A virus isolate causing symptoms of yellow mosaic, fern leaves, malformation and plant necrosis on Rudbeckia bicolor was prevalent around Pyeongchang area in Korea. The causal virus was identified as Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) using characteristics from biological, serological and molecular analyses and named as CMV-Rb. CMV-Rb caused mosaic on Nicotiana benthamiana, N. tabacum, Capsicum annuum, and Lycopersicon esculentum. However, typical local lesions did not develop on inoculated Pisum sativum, Cucurbita moschata, Datura stramonium and Tetragonia expansa plants. Full-length genome sequences of CMV-Rb RNAs 1, 2 and 3 were obtained using 12 primer pairs by RT-PCR analysis. The genome of CMV-Rb RNA segments 1, 2, and 3 consists of 3363nt, 3049nt, and 2214nt in length, respectively. In order to ascertain their taxonomic identity, nucleotide and the deduced amino acid sequence analyses RNAs 1, 2 and 3 of CMV-Rb isolates were conducted with previously reported sequences of CMV strains and/or isolates. CMV-Rb RNAs showed about 90 to 99% sequence identity to those of subgroup I strains suggesting that CMV-Rb is more closely related to CMV isolates belong to subgroup I. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CMV on Rudbeckia bicolor in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.76-86
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• 2020

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is damaging to the growth and quality of lettuce crops in Lanzhou, China. Recently, however, for the first time an isolate of lettuce necrotic yellows virus (LNYV) has been detected in lettuce crops in China, and there is concern that this virus may also pose a threat to lettuce production in China. Consequently, there is a need to develop a rapid and efficient detection method to accurately identify LNYV and CMV infections and help limit their spread. Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assays were developed to detect the nucleoprotein (N) and coat protein (CP) genes of LNYV and CMV, respectively. RT-LAMP amplification products were visually assessed in reaction tubes separately using green fluorescence and gel electrophoresis. The assays successfully detected both viruses in infected plants without cross reactivity recorded from either CMV or LNYV or four other related plant viruses. Optimum LAMP reactions were conducted in betaine-free media with 6 mM Mg²⁺ at 65℃ for LNYV and 60℃ for 60 min for CMV, respectively. The detection limit was 3.5 pg/ml and 20 fg/ml using RT-LAMP for LNYV and CMV plasmids, respectively. Detection sensitivity for both RT-LAMP assays was greater by a factor of 100 compared to the conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. This rapid, specific, and sensitive technique should be more widely applied due to its low cost and minimal equipment requirements.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2008

The potential of the exopolysaccharide (EPS) from a Serratia sp. strain Gsm01 as an antiviral agent against a yellow strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Y) was evaluated in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc). The spray treatment of plants using an EPS preparation, 72h before CMV-Y inoculation, protected them against symptom appearance. Fifteen days after challenge inoculation with CMV-Y, 33.33% of plants showed mosaic symptoms in EPS-treated plants compared with 100% in the control plants. The EPS-treated plants, which showed mosaic symptoms, appeared three days later than the controls. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses of the leaves of the protected plants revealed that the EPS treatment affected virus accumulation in those plants. Analysis of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase, and phenols in protected plants revealed enhanced accumulation of these substances. The pathogenesis-related (PR) genes expression represented by PR-lb was increased in EPS-treated plants. This is the first report of a systemic induction of protection triggered by EPS produced by Serratia sp. against CMV-Y.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.221-225
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• 2006

Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) and Broad bean wilt virus 2(BBWV2) were isolated from Gentiana scabra plants showing typical mosaic and yellowing symptoms. When the inoculum of mosaic symptom propagated in Nicotiana benthamiana was inoculated to primary leaves of Vigna sinensis, the local lesions of different types was developed. Type one produced a small necrotic spot(SNS) of pinpoint type, while the other one showed a large necrotic spot(LNS) of halo type. LNS on primary leaves of V. sinensis was also induced by inoculum from yellowing symptom on G scabra. Single lesion from SNS induced a typical mosaic symptom on N. Benthamiana. On the other hand, LNS produced a chlorotic ring symptom on inoculated leaves and mosaic plus necrotic ringspot on upper leaves of N. benthamiana. An isolate of CMV from SNS and BBWV2 from LNS were detected by using dsRNA analysis, RT-PCR and agar gel double-diffusion test. Thus, our results should provide a tool of a simple method for discrimination from mixed infected plants by CMV and BBWV2.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.165-169
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• 2009

Twelve Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolates were isolated from genetically modified (GM) and non-GM Capsicum annuum in two GM fields, Namyangju and Anseong, and their properties were investigated in this study. Coat protein (CP) gene of the CMV isolates were synthesized by RT-PCR using genus-specific primers which designed to amplify a DNA fragment of 950 bp. Purified cDNA fragments were cloned into the pGEMT easy vector for sequence determination. Nucleotide sequences (internal 657 bp) of CMV isolates were compared with Fny-CMV CP sequences and there were no significant collection site specific sequence similarities found. When predicted amino acid sequences (219 amino acids) were compared with Fny-CMV CP amino acids sequences, there were 96.8% to 97.3% similarities found from Namyangju collections and 95.9% to 96.8% similarities from Anseong collections. The phylogenetic analysis with nucleotide sequences showed definite differences in CMVs which have been isolated from the two regions.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.290-297
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• 2012

In this study, total number of 1941 Capsicum accessions conserved at RDA Genebank was evaluated for their response to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). These accessions were composed with 9 species originated from 89 countries, included 839 Capsicum annuum, 277 C. baccatum, 395 C. chinense, 343 C. frutescens, 49 C. pubescens, and other 38 wild pepper species (C. chacoense, C. galapagoense, etc.). Resistant to CMV was screened with the 240H02SP6 SNP marker related to the Cmr1 (Cucumber mosaic resistance 1). Eighty nine accessions of pepper germplasm were resistant to CMV based on the marker. One hundred sixty two accessions showed heterozygosity. One thousand two hundred seventy accessions were susceptible to CMV. Four hundred twenty accessions did not show distinction by 240H02SP6 marker. These 89 resistant pepper germplasm can be used in a pepper breeding program against CMV.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.82-87
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• 2017

During 2012 to 2014, a survey for the presence of viral diseases in yam plants was carried out in a field of the Institute for Bioresources Research in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. A total of 88 leaf samples were collected and tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using specific primer sets. Eighty-one samples were positive for Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), Chinese yam necrotic mosaic virus (ChYNMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Japanese yam mosaic virus (JYMV), and Yam mild mosaic virus (YMMV), whereas Yam mosaic virus (YMV) was not detected. Additionally, seven samples were negative for all viruses. Several samples exhibited mixed (double and triple) infections. Three viruses (CMV, JYMV, and YMMV) were detected for the first time in yam plants in Korea. A BLAST search showed that three viruses shared nucleotide identities with CMV-Ca (98%), JYMV-O2 (91%), and YMMV-TG_NH_1 (86%). Thus, our findings confirmed that yam plants cultivated in Korea were infected with multiple viruses with three of these viruses reported for the first time in Korea.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.17 no.1 s.34
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• pp.29-31
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• 1978

Purely isolated cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was multiplied in Nicotiana tabacum, Ky-57 and the virus was purified by the modified method that was developed through this study. The concentration of purified CMV was 24.25 mg/ml. The purified virus, mixed with acomplet adjuvant (1: 1) was injected into rabbits intramuscularly. Two injections at 10 day interval was enough to produce a good quality antiserum. The titer of the antiserum was 1/1280 when determined by agar gell-diffusion test. The produced antisera will be used to faciliate the detection of CMV infected vegetables and other crops.