• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제45권5호
• /
• pp.675-682
• /
• 2013

The sequential separation process, composed of an oxygen sparging process for separating lanthanides and a zone freezing process for separating Group I and II fission products, was evaluated and tested with a surrogate eutectic waste salt generated from pyroprocessing of used metal nuclear fuel. During the oxygen sparging process, the used lanthanide chlorides (Y, Ce, Pr and Nd) were converted into their sat-insoluble precipitates, over 99.5% at $800^{\circ}C$; however, Group I (Cs) and II (Sr) chlorides were not converted but remained within the eutectic salt bed. In the next process, zone freezing, both precipitation of lanthanide precipitates and concentration of Group I/II elements were preformed. The separation efficiency of Cs and Sr increased with a decrease in the crucible moving speed, and there was little effect of crucible moving speed on the separation efficiency of Cs and Sr in the range of a 3.7 - 4.8 mm/hr. When assuming a 60% eutectic salt reuse rate, over 90% separation efficiency of Cs and Sr is possible, but when increasing the eutectic salt reuse rate to 80%, a separation efficiency of about 82 - 86 % for Cs and Sr was estimated.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.133-138
• /
• 2002

To examine the cholesterol-towering effects of extruded products made with cassava starch (CS) and blends of cassava starch with either resistant starch (CS-RS) or oat fiber (CS-OF) hamsters were fed with diets containing a high-cholesterol (2%) and high-fat (17%) diet for 20 days. Hamsters fed with a diet containing no cholesterol were used as a control. Total cholesterol (TC) levels in the CS-RS and CS-OF groups were significantly (p>0.05) lower compared to the CS group by 11.5% and 8.5%, respectively. Also, the diets containing fibers decreased the value of low-density lipoproteins plus very low-density lipoproteins fraction by 32.4% (CS-RS diet) and 51.7% (CS-OF), respectively, as compared to the CS diet. Total lipid values were significantly (p<0.05) lower in hamsters fed the CS-RS diet (916 mg/dL) and CS-OF diet (964 mg/dL) as compared to those fed the CS diet (1661 mg/dL). The results obtained in this study suggest that extruded products containing cassava starch blended with either resistant starch or oat fleer, could prevent health problems associated with high levels of cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia induced by a high cholesterol and fat diet.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제35권11호
• /
• pp.1800-1807
• /
• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of different cooling sessions (CSs) as a water conservation strategy on physiological, and production responses and welfare in Holstein Friesian cows during subtropical summer in Pakistan. Methods: Twenty-one cows were subjected to three CS in a completely randomized design. The treatments were: i) eleven hours continuous cooling with sprinklers - control (CNT), ii) four CS, and iii) two CS. The CNT represented the practices of the commercial dairy farms in the area, while the other CSs were used as water reduction strategies. Each CS lasted for 1 h with a 12 min cycle (3 min water on and 9 min off) with a sprinkler flow rate of 1.25 L/min. Results: The average temperature humidity index of the shed and the outside open area were 81.9 and 82.5, respectively. The results showed that both physiological responses were highest in the 2CS group followed by the CNT and the 4CS (p = 0.001). The CNT and 4CS groups had similar milk yield (p = 0.040). The 4CS group had more lying and eating times than the CNT and 2CS groups (p = 0.000). The cortisol level in the 2CS group was 2.0 and 2.2 ㎍/dL more than the CNT and the 4CS groups, respectively (p = 0.000). Conclusion: In conclusion, the 4CS was more efficient in cooling the cows and had better welfare, as it yielded similar milk yield, and better physiological responses than the CNT despite using 90% less water.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 고려인삼학회 2002년도 학술대회지
• /
• pp.176-184
• /
• 2002

Objective; Antistress effect of Korean red ginseng (RG) on postmenopausal women with severe climacteric syndrome (CS) were evaluated from the viewpoint of traditional KAMPO-medicine and Western medicine. Methods; All patients with CS were treated with daily oral administration of 6g RG for 30 days. Nine patients with CS were evaluated with the use of diagnostic scores for KI-deficiency (deficiency of vital energy) and OKETSU (blood stagnation) syndrome from the viewpoint of KAMPa-medicine. In the same patients with CS, peripheral blood levels of $\beta$-endorphin and total plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (t-PAI-1) were measured before and after treatment with RG. In another group, 12 patients with CS, psychological test using CMI, STAI and SDS were performed from the viewpoint of Western medicine. Stress related hormones, such as ACTH, cortisol and DHEA-S in those 12 patients with CS were also measured before and after treatment with RG. Results; KI-deficiency score and OKETSU score in patients with CS were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those in patients without CS. After treatment with RG, both scores were markedly (p<0.001) decreased compared to before treatment with RG. ${\beta}-endorphin$ levels in patients with CS were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in patients without CS. Total PAI-I levels in patients with CS were increased before treatment with RG. No significant difference, however, were observed between patients with and without CS. After treatment with RG, both levels of ${\beta}-endorphin$ and total PAI-l in patients with CS were significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) decreased compared to before treatment with RG. CMI and STAI scores in patients with CS were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in patients without CS. SDS scores in patients with CS were also markedly (p<0.001) higher than in those without CS. After treatment with RG, all scores decreased within normal range. DHEA-S levels in patients with CS were about a half of those without CS. Consequently, cortisol/DHEA-S (C/D) ratio was significantly (p<0.001) higher in patients with CS than in those without CS. Although the decreased DHEA-S levels were not restored to the levels in patients without CS, the C/D ratio decreased significantly (p<0.05) after treatment with RG. Conclusion; Reinforcement of vital energy and improvement of stagnant blood circulations by oral administration of RG were elucidated from the viewpoint of traditional KAMPO-medicine. From the viewpoint of Western medicine, effect of RG on postmenopausal women with CS seemed to be brought about in part by not only an improvement of psychoneuroendocrine dysfunctions but also an amelioration of blood coagulation systems.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.214-224
• /
• 2006

Computer graphics mean a reproduction of various information through image processing or the technology that is widely thought in makeup areas also, recently. Especially, Adobe Illustrator, unlike Adobe Photoshop used in image editing and correction, is software suitable for image drawing and reproducing beauty makeup. Beauty makeup is a work adorning human body to fit to the aesthetic standard in that period, and is a plastic art expressing shapes, colors and textures using design elements. Adobe Illustrator is a 2D graphics designing images using shapes having plane colors. In this study I studied techniques reproducing each element of contours and colors of beauty makeup through Adobe Illustrator CS. In other words, I have prepared a reference data by studying techniques reproducing beauty makeup using Adobe Illustrator CS. In this study, though, I couldn't try various things, because I limited facial contour and skin color to only one kind. Therefore, I hope, in the future, others can expand the ethnics of using Adobe Illustrator in more enriched ways by working on various facial contours and skin colors.

• 한국잡초학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.58-63
• /
• 1987

경엽처리제초제(莖葉處理除草劑)로스 glyphosate를 살포(撒布)할 때 여러 종류의 초종(草種)에서 살포량수준(撒布量水準)과 계면활성제(界面活性劑) L-77과 Triton CS-7의 첨가(添加)에 따른 엽면부착량(葉面附着量)을 조사하였으며 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. Glyphosate의 엽면부착량(葉面附着量)은 살포량(撒布量)이옥수수의 경우 10 l~20 l/10a, 쑥의 경우 40 l/10 a일 때 계면활성제(界面活性劑) L-77과 Triton CS-7을 첨가(添加)함으로써 증가(增加)되었으나 관행살포량(慣行撒布量)인 80 l/10 a를 살포(撒布)할 때 L-77과 Triton CS-7을 첨가(添加)하면 오히려 엽면부착량(葉面附着量)이 적어지는 영향(影響)을 보였으며, 크로바에서는 40 l/10a의 살포량(撒布量)에서도 L-77과 Triton CS-7을 첨가(添加)할 경우 엽면부착량(葉面附着量)은 감소되었다. 2. 잎이 비교적 직립(直立)된 보리의 경우에 있어서는 80 l/10 a의 관행살포량(慣行撒布量)에서도 계면활성제(界面活性劑) L-77과 Triton CS-7 을 첨가(添加)했을 때 엽면부착량(葉面附着量)은 현저히 많았다. 3. 잎이 가늘고 원주형의 세엽(細葉)인 쇠뜨기에 계면활성제(界面活性劑) L-77을 첨가(添加)한 경우는 Triton CS-7이나 무첨가(無添加)에 비하여 관행살포량(慣行撒布量) 80 l/10 a에서도 엽면부착량(葉面附着量)은 더 많은 경향(傾向)이었다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.505-513
• /
• 2017

As mobile systems are performing various functionality in the IoT (Internet of Things) era, network-on-chip (NoC) plays a pivotal role to support communication between the tens and in the future potentially hundreds of interacting modules in system-on-chips (SoCs). Owing to intensive research efforts more than a decade, NoCs are now widely adopted in various SoC designs. Especially, studies on application-specific NoCs (ASNoCs) that consider the heterogeneous nature of modern SoCs contribute a significant share to use of NoCs in actual SoCs, i.e., ASNoC connects non-uniform processing units, memory, and other intellectual properties (IPs) using flexible router positions and communication paths. Although it is not difficult to find the prior works on ASNoC synthesis and optimization, little research has addressed the issues how to convert different protocols and data widths to make a NoC compatible with various IPs. Thus, in this paper, we address important issues on ASNoC implementation to support and convert multiple interfaces. Based on the in-depth discussions, we finally introduce our FPGA-proven full-custom ASNoC.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제54권5호
• /
• pp.1597-1605
• /
• 2022

A porous silica-based adsorbent was prepared by impregnating the pores of a silica support with the extractant 1,3-[(2,4-diethylheptylethoxy)oxy]-2,4-crown-6-calix[4]arene (Calix[4]arene-R14) and an additive agent 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (C₂mim ⁺ NTf^-₂) as the materials to remove cesium(I) (Cs⁺) ions from seawater. The as-prepared adsorbent showed excellent adsorption performance toward Cs⁺ ions, with adsorption equilibrium reached within 2 h and an adsorption amount of 0.196 mmol/g observed. The solution pH, temperature, and the presence of coexisting metal ions were found to have almost no effect on Cs⁺ adsorption. The adsorption mechanism was considered to proceed via ion exchange between Cs⁺ and C₂mim⁺. In addition, the particle-induced X-ray emission analysis results further clarified that the adsorbed Cs⁺ ion species on the adsorbent was in the form of both CsCl and CsBr.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.225-232
• /
• 1998

무정형 실리콘을 기반으로 한 X-선 영상기기에 대한 Monte Carlo 시뮬레이션 결과를 기술하였다. 무정형 실리콘 X-선 영상기기의 특성을 조사하고 최적의 설계변수들을 제공하기 위하여 Monte Carlo 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 목적에 맞도록 Monte Carlo simulation codes를 개발하였고, X-선 최대전압, 알루미늄 필터 두께, Cal(T1)두께, 그리고 무정형 실리콘 광다이오우드 픽셀 크기들을 변화시키면서 무정형 실리콘 X-선 영상기기의 계측 효율과 해상도의 변화를 연구하였다. 60kVP-120kVp의 X-선에 대하여, CsI(TI)의 두께가 300um-500um일 때 계측효율은 70%-95% 였고 에너지 흡수효율은 40%-70%였다. 시뮬레이션 결과로부터, 무정형 실리콘 픽셀크기와 Csl(TI) 두께가 해상도를 결정하는 가장 주된 요소임이 밝혀졌다. 본 연구에서 개발한 시뮬레이션을 사용하여 감도와 해상도를 최적화할 수 있는 적절한 픽셀 크기와 CsI(TI) 두께를 찾아낼 수 있었다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.778-779
• /
• 2016

본 논문에서는 공간상에 분포된 방사선원에 대해 화소단위로 방사선 신호를 탐지하기 위한 섬광 검출기를 설계하고, 탐지신호를 취득하기 위한 모듈을 설계하여 방사선 영상화를 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 방사선 분포측정을 위해 적용한 검출기는 CsI(Tl) 섬광체와 결합효율이 높은 수광센서로 구성하였으며, 수광센서를 통해 획득된 신호를 처리하기 위해 펄스 신호를 증폭, 성형 한 후 임계치를 기준으로 펄스를 계수하기 위한 장치를 구현하였다. 제작된 검출기의 성능을 검증하기 위해 감마선 교정시설을 이용하여 검출기에 대한 성능 시험을 수행하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 본 논문의 결과는 제작된 검출기에 방향성을 부여하기 위한 차폐체 및 조사부를 적용한 후 방향을 이동시켜 개별적인 영역의 값을 2차원 적으로 나타냄으로써 선원의 분포측정을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.