• 폴리머
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.80-85
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• 2013

Hexafluoropropylene(HFP) dimer와 trimer로 구성된 올리고머의 조성비, 반응온도 그리고 hexafluoropropylene oxide(HFPO) 투입속도가 HFPO 음이온 중합반응에 미치는 영향 등을 알아보았다. HFP 올리고머는 불화금속 CsF와 TG를 사용한 음이온 반응을 통해 합성하였고, CsF 5 g, TG 10 g 그리고 반응온도 $0^{\circ}C$에서 합성된 HFP 올리고머의 dimer 함량은 상대적으로 높은 35.1%를 나타내었다. HFPO 음이온 중합의 경우, 반응온도 $0^{\circ}C$, HFP dimer 35.1%를 포함하고 있는 올리고머와 HFPO 투입속도 1.85 g/min에서 Cs(HFPO)n 알콕사이드는 상대적으로 원활한 사슬성장을 하면서 중량평균 분자량 3600을 나타내었다. 반면, 반응온도 $10^{\circ}C$ 및 증가된 HFPO 투입속도에서는 알콕사이드의 $F^{{\delta}-}$의 이탈현상을 촉진시켜 중평균 분자량은 감소되었다. 결론적으로, HFP 올리고머를 용매로 사용한 HFPO 음이온 중합반응의 사슬성장 및 사슬전이는 용매의 조성, 반응온도 및 단량체의 투입속도에 영향을 받고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1285-1292
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• 2014

An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Aspergillus oryzae culture (AOC) and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (HMB) on rumen fermentation and microbial populations between different roughage sources. Two roughage sources (Chinese wild rye [CWR] vs corn silage [CS]) were assigned in a $2{\times}3$ factorial arrangement with HMB (0 or 15 mg) and AOC (0, 3, or 6 mg). Gas production (GP), microbial protein (MCP) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) were increased in response to addition of HMB and AOC (p<0.01) for the two roughages. The HMB and AOC showed inconsistent effects on ammonia-N with different substrates. For CWR, neither HMB nor AOC had significant effect on molar proportion of individual VFA. For CS, acetate was increased (p = 0.02) and butyrate was decreased (p<0.01) by adding HMB and AOC. Increase of propionate was only occurred with AOC (p<0.01). Populations of protozoa ($p{\leq}0.03$) and fungi ($p{\leq}0.02$) of CWR were differently influenced by HMB and AOC. Percentages of F. succinogenes, R. albus, and R. flavefaciens (p<0.01) increased when AOC was added to CWR. For CS, HMB decreased the protozoa population (p = 0.01) and increased the populations of F. succinogenes and R. albus ($p{\leq}0.03$). Populations of fungi, F. succinogenes (p = 0.02) and R. flavefacien (p = 0.03) were increased by adding AOC. The HMB${\times}$AOC interactions were noted in MCP, fungi and R. flavefacien for CWR and GP, ammonia-N, MCP, total VFA, propionate, acetate/propionate (A/P) and R. albus for CS. It is inferred that addition of HMB and AOC could influence rumen fermentation of forages by increasing the number of rumen microbes.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.369-379
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• 1995

About forty ore deposits of $CaF_2{\pm}Au{\pm}Ag{\pm}Cu{\pm}Pb{\pm}Zn$ are widely distributed in the Geumsan district and are believed to be genetically related to the Mesozoic Geumsan granitic rocks. Based on their petrogeochemistry and isotopic dating data, the granitic rocks in this district can be classified into two groups ; the Jurassic granitic rocks(equigranular leucocratic granite, porphyritic biotite granite, porphyritic pink-feldspar granite, seriate leucocratic granite) and the Cretaceous granitic rocks(seriate pink-feldspar granite, equigranular alkali-feldspar granite, equigranular pink-feldspar granite, miarolitic pink-feldspar granite, equigranular biotite granite). Spatial distribution of fluorite ore deposits, fluorine contents of granitic rocks and fracture patterns in this district suggest that three granitic rocks(equigranular biotite granite, equigranular pink-feldspar granite, miarolitic pink-feldspar granite) of the Cretaceous period be genetically related to the fluorite mineralization. In these fluorite-related granitic rocks, fluorine is most highly correlated with Cs(correlation coefficient(r)>0.9), and also highly with MnO, U, Sm, Yb, Lu, Zn, Y, Li(r>0.7). Statistically the variation of fluorine in the fluorite-related granitic rocks can be explained in terros of only three elements, such as Lu, CaO and Cs, and the fluorite-related granitic rocks can be discriminated from the fluorite-nonrelated granitic rocks by a linear functional equation of La, Ce, Cs and F($Z_{Ust}=-1.38341-0.00231F-0.19878Ce+0.38169La+0.54720Cs$). Also, equigranular alkali-feldspar granite is classified into the fluorite-related granitic rocks by means of the linear functional equation($Z_{Ust}$).

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2002

To examine the cholesterol-towering effects of extruded products made with cassava starch (CS) and blends of cassava starch with either resistant starch (CS-RS) or oat fiber (CS-OF) hamsters were fed with diets containing a high-cholesterol (2%) and high-fat (17%) diet for 20 days. Hamsters fed with a diet containing no cholesterol were used as a control. Total cholesterol (TC) levels in the CS-RS and CS-OF groups were significantly (p>0.05) lower compared to the CS group by 11.5% and 8.5%, respectively. Also, the diets containing fibers decreased the value of low-density lipoproteins plus very low-density lipoproteins fraction by 32.4% (CS-RS diet) and 51.7% (CS-OF), respectively, as compared to the CS diet. Total lipid values were significantly (p<0.05) lower in hamsters fed the CS-RS diet (916 mg/dL) and CS-OF diet (964 mg/dL) as compared to those fed the CS diet (1661 mg/dL). The results obtained in this study suggest that extruded products containing cassava starch blended with either resistant starch or oat fleer, could prevent health problems associated with high levels of cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia induced by a high cholesterol and fat diet.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.235-243
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• 2004

일라이트는 닳은 모서리(frayed edge)의 존재에 의하여 다른 알칼리 금속과 비교할 때 낮은 농도에서 선택적으로 Cs을 더 잘 흡수하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 닳은 모서리는 기존의 일반적인 흡착실헐에 의하여 존재한다고 알려져 있지만 다른 분석방법으로는 증명되지 않은 상태이다. 일라이트 표면에서의 Cs의 흡착특성을 알아보기 위하여 닳은 모서리를 증가시킨 인위적으로 풍화된 일라이트와 Cs을 여곤 농도에서 반응을 시켰다. 일라이트는 0.001 M의 HC1 용액에서 1시간, 2일, 14일 동안 반응시켜 K 이온의 방출 및 XRD, SEM, TEM 등으로 풍화상태를 확인하였다. 풍화되지 않은 일라이트와 풍화된 일라이트를 Na-일라이트로 교환한 후 $10^{-3}$ ～ $10^{-7}$ M 농도의 CsCl 용액에서 24시간 반응시켰다. Cs의 흡착특성은 $10^{ -5}$M Cs 용액농도를 기준으로 뚜렷한 차이를 보이다. 일라이트에 흡착된 Cs은 낮은 Cs 농도 (<$10^{-5}$ M )에서 높은 Cs 농도보다 상대적으로 많은 Cs이 흡착되었으며 이러한 상대적 흡착 농도는 용액의 농도가 낮아질수록 높아진다. 일반적으로 흡착된 Cs는 풍과가 오래된 시료일수록 낯은 농도에서 뚜렷하나 높은 농도에서는 그 차이가 적다. 이러한 결과는 낮은 농도에서 닳은 모서리라고 불리는 흡착자리의 존재에 의한 것이고 이러한 자리는 풍화가 진행됨에 따라서 증가된다.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 1990년도 제5회 파동 및 레이저 학술발표회 5th Conference on Waves and lasers 논문집 - 한국광학회
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• pp.13-16
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• 1990

코로나 예비전리를 이용한 KrF 레이저의 장펄스화를 위해 동축형 4단 펄스정형회로 (PFN)를 구성해서 용량이행형의 회로에 인덕턴스가 부가된 방식의 전류, 전압을 비교하여 PFN을 동축형으로 제작함으로 인한 Stray Capacitance (Cs)의 존재로 인해 좋은 효율의 장펄스화를 이루어짐을 밝혔다. 구성된 PFN을 절연유에 넣어 충전전압 15kV, N2 55Torr에서 330ns 펄스폭의 전류파형을 측정했다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1997

강탄성 $CsPbCl_3$ 결정을 Czochralski법 및 Bridgman법을 사용하여 육성하고 XRD, DTA, 유전상수 측정 등을 통하여 구조 조사 및 상전이 온도를 확인하고 편광현미경 조사를 통하여 강탄성 domain의 존재를 확인하였으며 domain의 온도 의존성 등을 관찰하였다. 또한 cubic상에서 tetragonal, orthorhombic을 거쳐 monoclinic으로 상전이하였을 때 나타나는 domain들의 orientation에 대해 결정학적 고찰을 통하여 그리고 이론적으로 조사하여 일치되는 결과를 얻었다.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.2336-2347
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• 2018

The azeotrope of methyl acetate methanol and water was isolated using extractive distillation with water as entrainer. The pressure-swing extractive distillation (PSED) process and vapor side-stream distillation column (VSDC) with the rectifier process were designed to separate the methyl acetate, methanol and water mixture. It was revealed that the VSDC with the rectifier process had a reduction in energy consumption than the PSED process. Four control schemes of the two process were investigated: Double temperature control scheme (CS1), $Q_R/F$ feedforward control of reboiler duty scheme for PESD (CS2), $Q_R/F$ feedback control scheme for VSDC (CS3), the feedback control scheme of sensitive plate temperature of side-drawing distillation column to dominate the compressor shaft speed (CS4). Feed flow and composition disturbance were used to evaluate the dynamic performance. As a result, CS4 is a preferable choice for separation of methyl acetate-methanol-water mixture. A control scheme combining the operating parameters of dynamic equipment with the control indicators of static equipment was proposed in this paper. It means using the sensitive plate temperature of side-drawing column to control the compressor shaft speed. This is a new control scheme for extractive distillation.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.20-24
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• 2003

Proline is known as an osmotrotectant to enhance tolerance against both salt and dehydration stresses. A P5CS ($\Delta^1$-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase) plays a major role in regulation of synthesis of proline. An overexpression of the mothbean P5CS gene in transgenic tobacco plant increased the levels of proline and osmotolerance. In an attempt to look for the possibility to use content of proline as well as a level of P5CS gene expression as molecular markers for salt tolerance, the amounts of proline and transcript levels of P5CS were measured as functions of either concentration of NaCl or length of treatment period among different species of zoysiagrass. Hybridzoysia showed the highest level of proline ($329\mu\textrm{g}$/g.f.w.) among five different species of zoysiagrass at 250 mM NaCl in 24 hours. The level of P5CS transcript was also the highest in the hybridzoysia at 250 mM NaCl in 24 hours. The transcriptions of P5CS gene were induced at the rates of 1.2, 1.2, 1.8, and 1.8, upon treatment of 250 mM NaCl in Z. japonica, Z. matrella, Z. sinica and hybridzoysia respectively. Based on a correlation between the level of P5CS transcript and the proline content among different species of zoysiagrass, a comparative structural analysis of the gene for P5CS from either Z. sinica or hybridzoysia may lead to an understanding of mechanism for salt tolerance shown differently among zoysiagrasses.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 1987

$^{137}$Cs 용액을 추적자로 사용하여 동시와 역동시 계수방법에 의해 $^{137}$Cs 용액의 방사능을 측정하였다. 본 연구에서의 측정선원은 $^{137}$Cs과 추적자를 혼합하여 제작하였으며 혼합 비율은 동시와 역동시 계수 방법에서 각각 1/3과 1/5로 하였다. $^{137}$Cs용액의 비 방사능은 $\beta$채널 저에너지 문턱 준위 변화와 효율외삽 방법에 의해 산출되었다. 동시와 역동시 계수 방법에 의해 산출된 결과는 기준일 현재 552.78kBq/g과 554.32kBq/g이었으며 합성오차는 각각 1.60kbq/g과 1.51kBq/g이었다. 두 개의 결과는 오차범위 내에서 잘 일치함을 보여준다.