• 원예과학기술지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.373-377
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• 2001

본 연구는 나팔나리(L. longiflorum) 'Gelria'(LG)와 자생 솔나리(L. cernuum, LC)와의 종간 교잡종을 육성할 목적으로 여러 가지 수분방법을 이용하여 수정 전 불화합성의 타파방법을 조사하였다. L. longiflorum 'Gelria'${\times}$L. cernuum의 교잡 수분 시 수분방법에 관계없이 모든 교배조합에서 착과가 이루어졌으며, 주두수분법에 비해 모든 화주절단수분법 처리구에서 착과율과 종자수가 높게 나타났다. 이들 중 화주를 2-3mm 남기고 자른 것과 화주를 모두 잘라버리고 자방기부에 수분시킨 처리구에서 각각 76.4%와 73.3%로 가장 높은 착과율을 나타내었다. 그러나 $LC{\times}LG$ 교잡에서는 전혀 착과되지 않았고 어떤 종자도 얻을 수 없었다. LG의 자가수분과 $LC{\times}LG$ 교잡에서는 속도에는 차이가 있었으나 수분 후 약 90시간 정도가 되면 자방까지 화분관이 신장하였다. 그러나$LC{\times}LG$ 교잡에서는 수분 후 90시간까지 자방에 도달하지 못하였고, 화주 중간에 선단이 비대되고 callose가 이상 집적된 기형적인 화분관이 많이 관찰되었다. 개화 후 수분시기도 착과율과 종자 형성률에 영향을 주었으며, 개화 후 3일에 수분하였을 때 가장 높은 종자수를 획득하였다. 주두 분비물질은 자방비대에는 영향을 미쳤으나, 수정배주수는 증가하지 않았다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is the analyze the spatial structure and housing component of the prairie style house of Frank Lloyd Wright during the Prairie Era which is between 1893-1910. The research results can be summarized as follows 1) In spite of European style influences which were fashionable at the time, Wright tried to attempt altering the space and form of his works (houses) from his unique architectural style. 2) All solid walls which are usually inside the square prairie and the cross floor plans were removed for interaction between the outside and inside spaces in a house creating an organic space. So the inside space of the house feels wider than the original space because of the available natural light. 3) Frank Lloyd Wright's early works were similar to the homes built at that time. However, as time passed, he remembered and was influenced by the Frobel's educational system blocks he played with as a child as well as the surrounding Midwestern USA prairies where he grew up. 4) The early prairie floor plan was square divided into nine equal parts which is classic floor planning. Wright, however, created his new unique architectural style. His style has developed into the prairie style and various floor plans. 5) Wright introduced a 3-dimensional architectural form of composition (cantilever, long eaves, etc.) to express symmetry and horizontal lines of the house. 6) Rather than emphasizing vertical lines in his works, Wright began emphasizing more horizontal lines like the horizontal lines of the actual prairies. This meant the surrounding environment of a house is always in nature.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.347-352
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• 2010

하천 구조물의 안전이나 고유기능에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 하상변동 조사가 수행되고 있는데 농어촌에 산재하는 자연형 소하천의 경우 조사구간에 대한 기준이 명확하지 않다. 본 연구에서는 자연형 소하천정비 시범사업을 통해 하상단면이 정비되고 이후이 변동특성을 파악할 수 있는 구간을 대상으로 세굴과 퇴적특성을 분석하고 변량분석(ANOVA)을 통하여 평균길이별 세굴 및 퇴적량의 변화가 유의한 차이가 있는가를 판단하며 조사간격에 따른 표준편차 변화율을 바탕으로 적정한 종단측점 간격을 제시하고자 하였다. 단면조사자료의 기술분석 결과 평균조사간격은 14.91m(min: 7.0m, max: 39m)였고, 평균 단면 변동량은 공사시행 1차년도인 2004년도, 공사시행 2차년도인 2005년도에 각각 $0.82m^2$(min: $-3.80m^2$, max: $8.11m^2$)와 $0.24m^2$ (min: $-5.25m^2$, max: $8.55m^2$)였다. 단면 변동량과 단면간 길이를 바탕으로 계산된 침퇴적량을 바탕으로 집단간 차이를 알아보기 위한 동질성 검정을 실시한 결과 15m, 30m, 45m, 60m에서 유사하였으나 75m와 90m에서는 다른 집단 특성을 나타내었다. 하상변동 조사 측점간 거리가 짧으면 경제적인 비용이 증가하고 측점 간의 거리가 길으면 하천변동특성을 제대로 반영할 수 없게 되므로 평균조사길이별 산정된 침퇴적량의 표준편차를 도시한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 자연형 소하천의 단면조사 길이를 50m로 제안하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.88-98
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• 2005

This study focuses on the needs at both consumers and manufacturers. It aims to find ways for consumers to purchase outfits that would fit their particular body type and preferences at reasonable prices, choose raw materials and style at garments, and virtually try them on. In addition, the study is designed to help apparel manufacturers identity customers' changing needs, reduce inventories, manage information on customers' body type in a digitalized form, and eventually contribute to promoting electronic commerce. Based on nine basic patterns that tit each subject, 108 virtual garments are created by adjusting the size of the patterns (9 subjects $\times$ 4 body parts $\times$ 3 patterns = 108 outfits). In order to determine fitting preferences for each body part and find optimized conditions, cross-tabulation analysis including $X^2$ and frequency analysis were performed to measure the appearance rate. A style of virtual garment, which is minus 2cm from chest size was chosen as the most appropriate pattern to the baseline location of front the chest. For the waist parts, the C style as an appropriate virtual garment to front and back view. In the front, lateral and back view, a style was chosen in the response to the sleeve-bodice combinations, the ease amount of armhole area, the armhole depth and the loosening of tightening or armhole line.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.644-655
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• 2007

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to describe the pattern of type D personality, to compare the life style and quality of life between type D personality and non-type D personality patients, and to investigate the factors influencing quality of life in patients with hypertension. Methods: A cross sectional, descriptive study was used. The participants in this study were 193 outpatients who were diagnosed with hypertension at two university hospitals in urban area, Korea. The data was collected from December, 2006 to January, 2007. Type D personality was measured by the DS-14 scale. Results: The prevalence of type D personality was 83.9%. Patients of type D personality were significantly different in educational status, monthly income, fat intake and exercise, and had a lower overall quality of life than patients of non-type D personality. Under controlled general characteristics and life style factors, multiple linear regression analysis was performed. The most significant factor influencing quality of life in hypertensive patients was type D personality, and this factor explained their quality of life with a variance of 14.8%. Conclusions: Various programs for psychological intervention are required to control for the distressed personality of patients with hypertension. Further studies should be conducted prospectively on a larger patient population.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.141-145
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between life style and metabolic syndrome. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in Pingliang community in Shanghai in Jan 2003. The data was collected by questionnaire, and the results were analyzed by SPSS. It was found that the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) was $13.4\%$ in the community, and the body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and fast plasma glucose (FPG) in MS group were higher than that in non-MS group. Logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI and WHR were positively correlated to the prevalence of MS, and physical activity was negatively correlated to the prevalence of MS. People with higher education levels (${\geq}10y$) had lower BMI, SBP, DBP, LDL-C and FPG. The prevalence of MS in the higher education level group was significantly lower than that of the lower education level group. These results suggested that BMI, WHR and physical activity were important factors of MS, and education background played an important role in the occurrence of MS. Therefore, it is very important to build a healthy life style for preventing and controlling the incidence and developing of MS.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.64-74
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factors on burnout after analyzing the relationship among clinical nurses' various perfectionism and coping styles. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 clinical nurses who had six months or more years of clinical experiences from two general hospitals located in D city. The data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise regression analysis using IBM SPSS statistics 23.0 program. Results: The burnout of clinical nurses was positively correlated with socially prescribed perfectionism and negatively correlated with active coping style. Socially prescribed perfectionism was positively correlated with active coping style and passive coping style. Influencing factors on the burnout of clinical nurses were socially prescribed perfectionism (${\beta}=.37$), satisfied work unit (${\beta}=-.64$) and neutral satisfaction of work unit (${\beta}=-.27$), over 40 years of age (${\beta}=-.21$), and active coping style (${\beta}=-.14$). The model consisting of these variables explained 42% of variance of burnout in clinical nurses. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study developing intervention programs that consider influencing factors such as perfectionism and coping styles is needed to reduce the level of burnout of clinical nurses.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to measure COVID-19 stress and the quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) stress quotient and identify the coping styles of face-to-face service industry employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study administered structured questionnaires consisting of sections on general characteristics, COVID-19 stress, and coping style for stress to 21 face-to-face service industry employees between April 1 and April 18, 2021. The physical tension & stress quotient and psychological distraction & stress quotient were measured in the prefrontal lobe with QEEG. Results: Emotional easiness (r=.62, p=.002) and escape-avoidance (r=.55, p=.009) as a passive coping style were associated with COVID-19 stress, and seeking social support as an active coping style was associated with the left physical tension & stress quotient (r=.47, p=.031). Conclusion: These findings provide evidence regarding the objective status of the mental health of face-to-face service industry employees using both a self-reported scale and neuroscientific indicators, including brain quotients.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.159-179
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• 2006

Each ethnic group has different cultural backgrounds and each culture has developed with its own traditions. The interaction between different cultures is getting more active through acculturation and cultural contacts. The purpose of this study was to compare domestic living of Korean immigrants with Australians in the form of a Cross-Cultural study. For this, usage of domestic space and seating style of 52 Korean households and 53 Australian households in Melbourne were analyzed. Ethnographic research with questionnaire was used. The results of the research were as follows. 1. The most popular type of Living-Dining-Kitchen arrangement was L+ K. D for Koreans and L. D . K for Australians. 2. A laundry room was indispensable for both and they all wanted to do ironing in there as well as dry. Both were satisfied with the type which toilet was separated from the bathroom Drain hole on the floor of the bathroom was not indispensable for most Koreans and Australians. 3. Koreans and Australians were doing various activities in living area and both were getting together around kitchen(dining) area. The particular thing of Koreans was that they were using the main bedroom with multiple purpose. 4. The seating style of Koreans and Australians belong to chair-seating style generally. But Koreans were using floor seating style in making bed for the guest and making Kimchi. Koreans and Australians were using mixed style of floor seating and chair-seating in relaxing time with watching TV, treating guest or so. 5. Koreans were not satisfied with using carpet cause of dust but Australians were satisfied with the carpet cause of warmness. 6. Most Koreans and Australians were take off shoes inside of the house. Koreans were organize shoes around the front door of the house usually and Australians were organize shoes in bedroom usually. 7. The most popular heating system was ducted heating for both. The level of satisfaction about ducted heating was low for Koreans because they though that it could contaminate air. Australians were satisfied with ducted heating because they though that this one was fit on the weather of this area. 8. Living room was the most important one for Koreans and Australians and they also thought it should be decorated well for entertaining guests. Most Koreans were estimate that the brightness of the light of the house was not enough but it was estimated to moderate for Australians on the contrary.

• 복식
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• 제58권10호
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• pp.95-111
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• 2008

Now when Wests meet Easts, they approach with a motive of acknowledging Eastern or Asian value, concretizing and sharing philosophy. As the result of this study through comparing Eastern and Western view of thinking, First, East is the cosmic beauty of harmony that pursues the harmony with the nature involving emotional and humane affection, and West has the tendency of proportional beauty of harmony involving order and balance. Second, East pursues the metaphorical beauty of mimesis which implies more in invisible parts, and West has the tendency of pursuing visual beauty of mimesis which has contents in visible parts. Third, East is the sublime beauty of nothingness which suggests a blank is endless infinitude of doctrines and mind breath, and West pursues the sublime beauty of being which desires to fill tangible existence without blank. Fourth, East is the expressive beauty that has the intuition of pleasure, which gives weight on non-clearness, emotional joke, and satire, and emphasizes a comic phase, and in West pursuing clearness of order, the concept of the ugliness of disformation is the intuition of defiance, and close to intuition of sadness.