• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.697-705
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• 2012

This research was planned and executed to evaluate how the composition of Yack-sun (oriental diet therapy) tea can effect the health conditions of people who are suffering from diet-related diseases such as being overweight, obese and hyperlipidemic, by taking Yack-sun tea in a form of nutritional supplement with daily meals. We produced Kangjieum with Lycense Mill., Polygonum multflorum Thunb, Cassia tora L., Crataegus pinnatifida Bge and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. We evaluated the effects of this tea on serum lipids, on homocysteine concentration, and on active oxygen contents, oxidative stress by clinical practices. We have determined that this tea has a significant effect on decreasing body fat content, decreasing total cholesterol, decreasing LDL-cholesterol, and decreses triglyceride and homocysteine concentrations. In addition, blood active oxygen content and oxidative stress were significantly decreased. We think that scientific and objective evaluation was performed on the components of Kangjieum prescription. We concluded that we could apply the components, not only in a form of tea, but also in other forms of various foods. The information we received from this conclusion will be basic information on how we can apply oriental medicinal resources into other food and will be a steppingstone for medicinal herbs to place a foot in the field of functional food research, which already draws sizable attention world-wide.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 2011

Objectives The objective of this study was to contribute to the development of pharmacupuncture for obesity treatment by reviewing the studies of pharmacupuncture experimentations and clinical trials. Methods We searched the papers with keywords of 'obesity' and 'pharmacupuncture' in the search site, RISS, Oriental medicine advanced searching integrated system(OASIS), Korean traditional knowledge portal, the society of Korean medicine for obesity research, Korean pharmacupuncture institute, the Korean academy of oriental rehabitation medicine and Korean acupuncture & moxibustion society. Results 1. We reviewed 37 articles searched. 27 articles(73.0%) were animal experimentations, 5 articles(13.5%) were cell experimentations, 4 articles(10.8%) were clinical trials and 1 article(2.7%) was study analysis. 2. The herbs, using for animal experimentations, were atratylodes japonica, coix lachrymajobi, ephedra sinica, crataegus pinnatifida, wild ginseng and etc. Acupucture points were joksamni(ST36), zhongwan(CV12), gansoo(BL18), pungnyung(ST40), umnungchon(SP9), bisu(BL20), gokji (LI11), cheun-chu(ST25) and etc. 3. For cell experimentations, preadipocytes and adipocytes performed on cell cultures with using rats, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and porcine skin including fat tissue were treated with fel ursi, bovis calculus, ephedrae herba, spirodelae herba, wild ginseng. 4. For clinical trials, Sangsik no.1, Bigiheo, ephedra, green tea and sweet bee venom were injected at the region where a lot of fat like zhongwan(CV12), xiawan(CV10), kwanwon(CV4), cheun-chu(ST25) and thigh. Conclusion Through animal and cell experimentations and clinical trials, the treatment of obesity using local acupuncture therapy was effective. For clinical use, however, it is considered that animal and cell experimentation and clinical trial's connection using one kind of herb and studies about more clinical trials and associated side effects are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.391-399
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• 2012

In this study, the sensory and mechanical characteristics of white bread containing different levels of Korean and Chinese sansa powder were evaluated. Korean sansa was smaller and more reddish than that of Chinese sansa. Sansa powder contained ursolic acid, citric acids, and flavonoids, which have antioxidative effects. Contents of total flavonoids in Korean and Chinese sansa powder were $217.67{\pm}7.64$ mg/100 g and $127.67{\pm}7.85$ mg/100 g, respectively. The mechanical and sensory characteristics of bread added with different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%) of Korean and Chinese sansa powder were evaluated. Lightness of crust and crumb of bread containing Korean sansa powder decreased as the level of Korean sansa powder increased, whereas they increased as the level of Chinese sansa powder increased. Mechanical texture parameters such as hardness and gumminess increased as the level of Korean and Chinese of sansa powder increased. In a sensory evaluation, control, bread containing 2 or 4% Korean sansa powder, and bread containing 2% Chinese sansa powder showed higher overall acceptability than the others. In conclusion, these results indicate that the recommended substitution level for sansa powder in bread is 2 or 4% Korean sansa powder and 2% Chinese sansa powder.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.419-423
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• 2007

Obesity is increasingly recognized as a serious public health threat. Anti-obesity nutraceuticals that are safe and effective for the control and treatment of obesity are the subject of intense research throughout the world. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of plants such as Akebia quinata, corn silk, Crataegus pinnatifida var. psilosa, Coix lachrymajobi var. mayuen, and Lentinus edodes on fat cell size and serum lipid profile of rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were weighed, randomly assigned and fed AIN-76A basal or high fat diet for 6 weeks. Serum triacylglycerol level of rats fed a normal diet was significantly decreased with natural plants supplementation. Adipocytes from the epididymal fat pads of rats fed a high fat diet were larger than those of rats fed a normal diet. Fat cell size significantly (p<0.05) decreased with natural plants supplementation. Therefore, we found that natural plants supplementation can be used for the treatment of obesity, possibly by decreasing the body fat.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.513-520
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• 2012

This research was planned and executed to evaluate how the composition of Yack-sun tea can affect the health conditions of people who are suffering from diet-related such as being overweight, are obese and have hyperlipidemia, by taking Yack-sun tea in a form of a nutritional supplement with our daily meals. We produced Kangjieum with Lycium chinense Mill., Polygonum multflorum Thunb, Cassia tora L., Crataegus pinnatifida Bge and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Thus, we approach of oriental diet therapy area research of Kangjieum and analysis proximate composition, water soluble antioxidant content. The content(%, dry basis) of total carbohydrate was 60.23%, crude protein was 18.18%, crude ash was 11.36% and crude fat was 10.23% in Kangjieum. Total water soluble antioxidant content was 1.027 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of Kangjieum. We think that scientific and objective evaluation was done on the components of the Kangjieum prescription. This basic data could help guide the application of oriental medicinal resources into other foods and serve as a stepping-stone for use of Kangjieum in the burgeoning field of nutraceutical foods. Last, the scientific effects of oriental medicinal foods developed according to oriental medicinal theory. This theory is believed to be essential for government policy development concerning validation of medicinal effects and assessment, with the aim of fostering systematic development and providing guidance to food development in the interest of national health.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.251-255
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• 2020

In 2019, the ash whitefly, Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday, 1835), was firstly found on a pear tree in Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do. From occurrence survey, we confirmed that S. phillyreae was occurred in seven cities, Busan, Changwon, Jinju, Gwangyang, Suncheon, Goheung, and Goseong. In addition, seven plants, such as Punica granatum, Pyrus pyrifolia, Cydonia oblonga, Prunus mume, Crataegus pinnatifida, Eriobotrya japonica, Photinia glabra, Pyracantha angustifolia, Lagerstroemia indica, and Malus prunifolia, were detected as hostplants. In this study, we present the first report of this species in Korea and describe the damage caused by S. phillyrease and its taxonomic information.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.187-193
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• 2014

To identify potential gastrointestinal prokinetic agents, water and 70% ethanol extracts and isolated compounds from 41 different traditional medicinal herbs were evaluated for the stimulation of gastrointestinal (GI) motility in vivo. Of the 41 water and 70% ethanol extracts, 12 extracts were found to enhance GI motility activity in mice by more than 10%. The 12 extracts are as follows: Atractylodes japonica (root), Crataegus pinnatifida (flower), Aucklandia lappa (root), Inula helenium (root), Cynanchum wilfordii (root), Chinese Liriope platyphylla (root), Codonopsis pilosula (root), Glehnia littoralis (root), Pinellia ternate (tuber), Agastache rugosa (aerial part), Angelica decursiva (whole plant), and Peucedanum praeruptorum (whole plant). In particular, the extracts from Atractylodes japonica (root), Cynanchum wilfordii (root) and Angelica decursiva (whole plant) have demonstrated the highest GI motility activity. In addition, 26 isolated compounds from the medicinal herbs were tested, and 8 isolated compounds were found to be active. They are ${\alpha}$-ionone, ${\beta}$-ionone, trans-caryophyllene, cedrol, methyl-3,5-di-O-E-caffeoyl-quinate, lobetyolin, oleoyllinoleoylolein and cis-jasmone. ${\beta}$-ionone from Aucklandia lappa (root) showed the most potent GI motility activity. The active traditional medicinal herbs and isolated compounds might be therapeutically advantageous in the treatment of GI motility disorders.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.90-90
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the vegetation and vegetation structure of Mt. Man in Hwacheon Gun from April to October 2018. The survey site is located in the northern part of South Korea where the climate is similar to that of North Korea. The purpose of this study is to provide basic information for efficient ecological forest management after unification. A total of 341 vascular plant taxa are recorded, representing 221 genera, 4 subspecies, 42 varieties and 6 forms in 84 families. Rare species, including Crataegus komarovii and Amitostigma gracile are found across 10 taxa; 8 families, 10 genera, 9 species, 1 variety. Naturalized Plants, including Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Erigeron annuus found across 11 taxa; 6 families, 10 genera, 11 species. Dominant tree species of the tree layer based on the highest importance values were: Quercus mongolica (23.47%), Larix kaempferi (11.43%), Fraxinus rhynchophylla (8.30%), in the subtree layer were: Lindera obtusiloba (11.38%), Acer pictum subsp. mono (11.33%), Fraxinus rhynchophylla (9.80%) and in the shrub layer were: Lindera obtusiloba (10.22%), Fraxinus rhynchophylla (8.43%), Rubus crataegifolius (8.00%), in the herb layer Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum (5.67%), Oplismenus undulatifolius (5.00%), Lysimachia clethroides (3.49%) respectively. The species diversity of Mt. Man was 1.1764 in the tree layer, 1.2403 in the subtree layer, 1.4135 in the shrub layer, and 1.7416 in the herb layer. In conclusion, if we utilize the flora and vegetation structure surveyed in Mt. Man, we can effectively manage the degraded forests with similar altitudes and climate zones in North Korea.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.123-138
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• 2004

This study was to investigate the planting arrangement of ornamental trees and shrubs that leads to an appropriate, type of templescape. Temples sampled for this study were Woljonsa, Sineunsa, Sinreugsa and Mitasa which fall all under the category of the level land. The results obtained were as follows : Open space of Daewoongjeon in all temples, a main Sanctuary among temple buildings, where Buddha is enshrined in, we could not find any kinds of trees/shrubs to be planted. But tere were Acer mono, Acer planmatum, Crataegus pinnatifidam Raododendron poukhanense, Texus cuspidata and Buxus mincrophylla to be planted, before Jeokkwangjeon, in which Buddha is exceptionally enshrined. In Geugragjeon of both temples of Sinheunsa and Sinreugsa, and Elysium building and Muryangsujeon of Woljeongsa temple, an immeasurable bliss building, in which an Amitabha is enshrined. was Taxus cuspidata planted numerously found. Particularly, Josadang, Muryangsujeon and Samsungkag of Woljeongsa temple commonly had Sciadopiys verticillata, which is known as one of Japanese-favorite trees. Syinga oblata Lindaley was also observed at Jeokkwangjeon of Woljeongsa temple and Keungnakjon of Sinheungsa temple, and Vidurnun opulus var. calvesvens, a symbolic flower tree imaging Buddha's head, was planted in Myungboojeon of Sinheungsa temple and Keugnakjeon of Sinreugsa temple. Juniperus chinensis which could be observed in both temples Sinheunsa and Sinreugsa was well arranged enough to be easily captured by human's eyes. In terms of templescape that might be considered in templescape, the correlation between trees/shrubs and temple buildings was thoroughly discussed. And, with the results obtained through precise studies, we presented here in this paper newly designed model of templescape in level land buddhist temples which is possibly applied for planting and arrangement of trees or/and shrubs.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.246-253
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• 2015

In this study, we evaluated the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) inhibitory activity of 11 water extracts derived from Cinnamomum cassia Blume, Sarcodon aspratus, Cordyceps militaris, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge, Corni fructus, Allium cepa, Coix lacryma-jobi, Plantago asiatica L., Lentinus edodes, Rosa rugosa, and Foeniculum fructus. The results of the LPL secretion and activity assay showed Sarcodon aspratus (NE) extract have an LPL secretion inhibitory acitivity. The cause of reduction in LPL secretion after NE treatment was investigated using molecular biology methods. NE treatment affected the LPL content in cells, but did not affect LPL mRNA expression. It also increased the mRNA expression level of sortilin-related receptor LDLR class A (SorLA), a receptor that induces endocytosis and intracellular trafficking of LPL. Finally, cell fractionation revealed that NE treatment induced the expression of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein beta ($C/EBP{\beta}$), a SorLA transcription factor, in the nuclei of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These results show that NE's anti-obesity effect involves inhibition of LPL secretion through $C/EBP{\beta}$-mediated induction of SorLA expression.