• Resources Recycling
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.10-16
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• 2016

In this study, the Ni base superalloy was recycled by Argon oxygen decarburization(AOD) process using an inconel 713C scrap. During AOD process, argon gas was continuously injected 1,000 sccm and oxygen gas was injected into 10, 20 and 30 minutes of 100, 250 and 500 sccm.. In early stage of oxygen injection, the oxygen dose increased with increasing Al, Cr, and Mo content and decreasing C content. And Al content was decreased by carburization with added elements in late stage Because of oxidation was occurred with Al, Cr etc. after the reaction of carbon has been finished. From the results, the ratio of ${\gamma}^{\prime}$ phase reduced due to decreasing of Al content for that reason Al is the main element to form the ${\gamma}^{\prime}$ phase. Also carbide reduced owing to decreasing of C content so the mechanical properties of the specimens excessively injected by excess $O_2$ gas were decreased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.202-203
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• 2014

금형 내부의 마모를 줄이기 위한 경질 박막의 안정성 향상과 표면에 인가된 압축 잔류 응력이 고주기 피로 특성에 미치는 영향을 연구하기 위해 정밀 플라스틱 사출 금형강에 주로 사용되는 Fe-3.0%Ni-0.7%Cr-1.4%Mn-X강에 스크린 질화처리와 DLC 코팅을 시간과 단일, 복합처리의 변수를 두어 코팅하였다. PAPVD법으로 DLC($3{\mu}m$), 스크린 질화(3h, $50{\mu}m$)/DLC($3{\mu}m$) 코팅 후 고주기 피로 시험을 행하여 고주기 피로 특성을 평가하였다. 스크래치 시험, 마모 시험, 잔류응력 측정을 통해 질화 처리 여부에 따른 코팅의 안정성을 평가하였다. DLC, 스크린질화/DLC 코팅한 경우 압축 잔류 응력의 영향으로 모두 피로 수명이 향상되었고 스크린질화/DLC 코팅한 경우 그 향상폭은 더 컸다. 질화 처리 후 DLC 코팅한 경우 질화층은 버퍼레이어로 작용하여 코팅의 박리를 억제함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2002

15Cr-5Ni 석출강화 스테인리스강 3종류의 피로균열 발생과 성장 특성 및 파괴인성에 대하여 노치함수로서 연구하였다. 3종류강의 열처리 조건은 $482\;^{\circ}C,\;579\;^{\circ}C$ 및 $621\;^{\circ}C$이다. $621\;^{\circ}C$에서 4시간동안 열처리한 시험편 C는 약 $280\;MPa\;\sqrt{m}$의 가장 높은 파괴인성을 보였으며, 3종류에서 피로균열 성장이 가장 늦었다. $482\;^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 열처리한 시험편 A에서, 피로균열발생한계, ${\Delta}k{\rho}$, 는 노치반경0.3 mm에서 약 $280\;MPa\;\sqrt{m}$의 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 시험편 A는 시험편 B와 C보다 피로균열 성장이 빨랐지만, 피로균열 발생이 늦었다. 예 하중에 의한 노치선단의 압축잔류응력은 노치 시험편의 피로강도 향상에 유용한 방법이었다.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2019

Purpose: This study is making a dog dental prosthesis using digital dental technology. The mechanical strength of the prosthetic material was observed in terms of compressive strength and fracture pattern. Methods: The experiment was performed using dog mandibular molars. The teeth were scanned and modeled. The specimens were made of zirconia, PMMA and Ni-Cr. The specimens were subjected to a vertical compression test with an artificial cancellous bone in UTM tester. Vertical compressive strength and fracture behavior of specimen were observed. Results: The result of observing the compressive load between specimen and artificial bone were $184.8{\pm}5.7N$ in the zirconia specimen, $185.6{\pm}8.9N$ in the PMMA specimen, and $184.4{\pm}4.0N$ in the Ni-Cr alloy specimen. Compression marks of artificial bones were observed. The fracture strength of specimen was observed. The fracture strength of the zirconia specimen was an average of 1,381.4N. The fracture strength of the PMMA specimen was an average of 572.2N. Conclusion: The crown made of three kinds(zirconia, PMMA, Ni-Cr alloy) of materials has the strength to chew about the artificial bone. zirconia and PMMA have vertical compressive strength applicable to medium dog dental prosthetic materials.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 1987

오스테나이트계 스테인레스강 용접부의 .delta.-페라이트 생성인자에 관한 위의 실험결과로부터 아래의 결론을 얻을 수 있다. (1) 오스테나이트계 스테인레스강 용접부의 .delta.-페라이트는 에너지적으로 불안정한 상으로서, 오스테나이트로의 변태가 비가역적(irreversible)이다. (2) .delta.-페라이트의 생성 및 변태에는 합금원소의 확산이 반드시 수반되며, 최종 .delta.-페라 이트 함량은 정성적으로 다음과 같이 표시된다. 페라이트함량=primary페라이트-변태한 페라이트 (3) .delta.-페라이트 생성에 일차적으로 영향을 미치는 이자는 화학조성(Cr-당량/Ni-당량)이며, primary 변태양상 및 냉각속도에도 크게 의존한다. (4) 용착부 .delta-페라이트는 대개 Vermicular와 Lathy의 혼합조직으로 존재하며, 열영향을 받 을수록 에너지적으로 안정한 Globuar 형상으로 변해간다.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.430-436
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• 2003

The nanoocrystalline Ni-l5W(at.%) coating electrodeposited on the high carbon steel was oxidized at 700 and $800^{\circ}C$ in air, and the resultant oxidation properties were investigated using XRD, EPMA, TGA and TEM. The oxidation resistance of the coating was not so good that most of the coating was oxidized after oxidation at $800^{\circ}C$ for 5 hrs. The oxidation led to the formation of the outer, thin NiO oxide scale and the inner, porous, rather thick ($NiWO_4$＋NiO) mixed layer containing a bit of $WO_2$. During oxidation, substrate elements such as Fe and Cr diffused outwardly toward the coating, according to the concentration gradient.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 1997

Recently high frequency ultrasonic transducers to employ polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) or polyvinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene P(VDF-TrFE) have been used to detect small flaws in immersion testing. The detection field depending on the water path between the transducer and a specimen and the path in a tested specimen was measured using a PVDF transducer with nominal frequency 80MHz. Also, C-scan and B-scan were performed for the specimens made of Cr-Ni steel with the artificial flaws, the flat-bottom holes with diameter ranging from $50{\mu}m$ to $560{\mu}m$ at 12mm depth. As the result, the flaws with diameter larger than $280{\mu}m$ were detected, but the flaws with the ratio of diameter to wavelength smaller than about 0.48 were not detected. That the smaller flaws could not be detected was attributed to the attenuation of high frequency components in the steel specimens.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1555-1559
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• 2008

The characteristics of 304 (Fe-18%Cr-12%Ni) and 316L (Fe-18%Cr-13%Ni-2.4%Mo) austenite stainless-steel compacts sintered with $5{\sim}15{\mu}m$ powder were investigated and the results led to the following conclusions: (1) When the sintering time was 3.6ks, the relative density of sintered compacts was $95{\sim}98%$, regardless of any other sintering condition. (2) When a vacuum sintering was done with $5{\mu}m$ stainless steel powders, almost fully-dense sintered compacts were obtained at is = 57.6ks. (3) The amount of residual oxygen in 304 and 316L sintered compacts was $0.5{\sim}0.6%$, regardless of sintering atmosphere. (4) The amount of residual oxygen in the vacuum sintered compact decreased more than 0.3 % due to addition of carbon powder, thereby reducing the formation of oxides. Furthermore, the addition of carbon improved the density of sintered compact, which enables us to make a fully-dense high performance sintered compact.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.921-924
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• 2004

This paper is to investigate a crack for plasma sprayed MCrAlY coated material by acoustic emission method in 4-point bending test. The CoNiCrAlY is coated on Inconel-718 by vacuum plasma spray process. Micro-hardness measurement was conducted by means of Micro Vickers-hardness indentor. The porosity of coating layer was measured using a SEM and Image Analyzer. AE monitoring system is composed of PICO type sensor, a wide band preamplifier(40dB), a PC and AE DSP(16/32 PAC) board. The AE count, Hit and energy of coating specimens is measured according to coating thickness.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.144-150
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• 1991

The stainless steel 304 oxidized at $70^{\circ}C$ in 2.5M CrO3/5.0M H2SO4 solution and at $200^{\circ}C$ , $300^{\circ}C$, and $400^{\circ}C$ in the air are analyzed with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to obtain depth composition profile of the surface region. It is confirmed that the surface region has a quite different composition from that of the bulk. This is due to a difference in the outward diffusion rates of the oxidized species in the surface region. The order of diffusion rates is Fe > Cr > Ni in the experimental temperature range. In spite of the inferior rate of diffusion, Cr is enriched in the surface when it is oxidized in the CrO3/H2SO4 solution. This is due to preferential dissolution of oxidized Fe.