• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2006

Anatomical and ultra-structural investigations on the vegetative and reproductive characters include stem, leaf, ovary, sepal, corolla, stigma, and seed surface on 10 taxa of the Korean Gentiana (Gentianaceae) were carried out to clarify the section and species limitation, As the results, taxonomic boundaries of the section, subsection, and series were recognized by using characters such as stem, leaf, sepal, ovary, and corolla. Also the seed morphology and testa surfaces were well defined at the species level.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.356-360
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• 2016

Ixora auricularis (Rubiaceae), previously recognized as endemic to Yunnan (China), was reported in Vietnam. This plant differs from the closely related species Ixora coccinea in its auriculate shape of the base leaf, greater number of secondary veins, shorter stipules, calyx having more appendices, shorter corolla tube, and the oblanceolata shape of the corolla tip. Detailed information about its description as well as illustrations, color photographs and a species key of related species of Ixora in Vietnam are provided.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2004

This study was carried out to obtain the basic information on mating parents and selection for high yielding safflower breeding. Thirty nine world safflower lines, which had collected from 13 countries of origjn, were evaluated for major agronomic characters, correlation and path-coefficients. The results obtained were summarized as follows. Days to flowers ranged from 83 days to 100 days. Days to flower of most foreign lines were later than that of domestic lines. Plant height ranged from 75 cm to 162 cm. The plant height and stem diameter of most foreign lines were higher than those of domestic lines. The leaf number and size of domestic lines were much more than those of foreign lines. The total branch numbers of foreign lines were more than domestic lines. Particularly, the number of third branch ranged from 0 to 25 and there were none in domestic lines. The number of corolla of foreign lines was much more than that of domestic lines. The yield of foreign lines collected from Central Asia and United States of America were more than any others. Significantly positive correlations were observed between yield and days to flower, stem diameter, the number of branch and the number of corolla. In the analysis of path-coefficient, the highest direct effects on yield was the number of corolla followed by the number of total branch, whereas those of the number of second branch and stem diameter were negative.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.36.1-36.1
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• 2006

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.165-167
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• 2013

Five taxa of the genus Ajuga L. (Lamiaceae) were known previously in Korea which were mainly distributed in lowland and lower montane areas at 50-1000 m elevation. We report an unrecorded taxon of the genus Ajuga in Korea, namely Ajuga nipponensis Makino. This taxon was discovered at Is. Nok, Boryeong-si, in Chungcheongnam Province. A. nipponensis is found to be distributed along roadsides near villages of the island. A. nipponensis was distinguishable from other Ajuga in Korea by following combination of characters: Stems erect or procumbent, arranged in a dense cluster, corolla whitish-pale pink, 10-12 mm long. This taxon was named 'Bun-hong-kkot-jo-gae-na-mul' in Korean based on color of the corolla. The key to the genus Ajuga in Korea is also provided.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.195-209
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• 2008

Some Korean terminologies on reproductive structures of seed plants in plant morphology, written incorrectly in many books, were analysed to propose accurately expressed terminologies. 31 books in areas such as general biology, plant biology, plant morphology, and biological dictionaries and glossaries were selected to analyse the accuracy of the terminologies for reproductive structures in gymnosperms, e.g., cone or strobilus, seed (or ovulate) cone and pollen cone, and conifer(s) or coniferous plants, and for flower structures in angiosperms, e.g., corolla, anther, filament, pistillate (or female) flower and staminate (or male) flower, apocarpous, and syncarpous. The definition and etymology of the terminologies were traced in 4 textbooks of plant anatomy and 2 dictionaries of biology and botany written in English. On the basis of the definition, etymology, and principles for terminology formation according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 704:2000), reasonably expressed Korean terminologies were proposed. All of the 8 terminologies examined in this study were included in the glossary of biological terminologies, published by the Korean Association of Biological Sciences in 2005, and designated as an editorial source for science and biology textbooks for middle and high schools by Ministry of Education in 2007. However, the only 1 of the 8 terminologies described in the glossary were consistent with the proposed expression in the present study. These inconsistencies indicated the need for a reassessment of this glossary of biological terminologies. The newly proposed terminologies would facilitate mutual understanding between teachers and students of plant biology.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.223-235
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• 1995

Comparative studies on external morphology and anatomical characters were conducted understand the interspecific relationships and possibly to identify the position of Hanabusaya asiatica as an endemic genus among 4 genera and 9 species in H. asiatica and its allied groups. Such morphological characteristics as root shape, leaf size, presence or absence of wings in petiole, corolla and calyx shape, and inflorescence and stigma shape were useful qualitative characters. The morphology of stem, peduncle, calyx lobe, leaf, petiole, and ovary were also good characters to be included in this identification study. In the anatomical observations in these organs, projecting degree of epidermis and number of projecting area rather than cross-sectioned internal structures were found to be valuable index for the classification among species. External morphology and anatomical characters support the position of H. asiatica as an endemic genus very well. Known as the most important external characters to taxonomists(Fedorov, 1957: Nakai, 1952: Hong, 1983), leaf arrangement, inflorescence, and corolla shape were also preven to be very useful characters to identify the genera and species in the H. asiatica and its allied groups.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2021

Background: Butterflies make an important part for plant-pollinator guild. These are nectar feeder or occasionally pollen feeder and thus proboscis of the butterfly species are considered as one of the most important variable in relation to the collection of food from plants. In butterfly-plant association, nectar source is principally determined by quality of nectar, corolla length, and nectar quantity. For the butterfly, nectar uptake is determined by proboscis length because flowers with long corolla restrict butterfly species containing shorter proboscis. Empirical studies proved that butterfly species with high wing loading visit clustered flowers and species with low wing loading confined their visit to solitary or less nectar rich flowers. The present study tries to investigate the flower preference of butterfly species from Lycaenidae family having very short proboscis, lower body length, lower body weight and wing span than the most species belonging from Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Papilionidae, and Hesperiidae. Results: Butterflies with shorter proboscis cannot access nectar from deeper flower. Although they mainly visit on less deeper flower to sucking nectar, butterflies with high wing loading visits clustered flowers to fulfill their energy requirements. In this study, we demonstrated flower choice of seven butterfly species belonging to Lycanidiae family. The proboscis length maintains a positive relationship with body length and body weight. Body length maintains a positive relationship with body weight and wing span. Wing span indicate a strong positive relationship with body weight. This study proved that these seven butterfly species namely Castalius rosimon (CRN), Taracus nara (TNA), Zizinia otis (ZOT), Zizula hylax (ZHY), Jamides celeno (JCE), Chilades laius (CLA), and Psuedozizeeria maha (PMA) visit frequently in Tridax procumbens (TPR), Ocimum americanum (OAM) and Syndrella nodiflora (SNO). The species do not visit Lantana camara (LCA) and Catharanthus roseus (CRO) plants. Conclusion: The present study proved that butterfly species visits frequently in Tridax procumbens (TPR), Ocimum americanum (OAM) but less frequently in Syndrella nodiflora (SNO). So, that study determined the butterfly species helps in pollination of these herbs that in turn helps the conservation of these butterfly species.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.241-246
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• 2007

Andrographis stenophylla C. B. Clarke., (Acanthaceae) is an erect glabrous undershrub with very narrow leaves and stems from a stout rootstock, the corolla pale with dark red stripes. The plant grows in hills of about 1200 meters height in South India. No scientific work reports are available with regard to this plant. The present study, thus deals with the detailed pharmacognostical evaluation of the plant A. stenophylla using light and confocal microscopy, WHO recommended physico-chemical determinations and authentic phytochemical procedures. The physico-chemical, morphological and histological parameters presented in this paper may be proposed as parameters to establish the authenticity of A. stenophylla and can possibly help to differentiate the drug from its other species.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.162-165
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• 2006

Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. (FamilyZingeberaceae), commonly known as 'pink and blue giner' is widely used in Indian system of medicine since time immemorial. The plant is found well in wild habitat and cultivated in southern India. The plant is distinguished by red corolla lobes and ferruginous or greenish-blue rhizome. Rhizoma is used medicinally as anti-diarrheal, anti-fungal; external use as astringent for wounds. A detailed pharmacognostic evaluation of its rhizome showed total ash 6.1%, acid insoluble ash 1.20%, alcohol soluble extractives 3.70% , water soluble extractives 14.50%, sugar 20.93%, starch 41.85%, and tannins 0.68%. Oh hydro distillation, the rhizomes and sessile tubers yielded 0.17% oil.