• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2019

In this study, selective laser sintered 3D printing mold core and metal core were used to investigate the difference of the thickness shrinkage from the gate of the injection molded part at a constant interval. SLS 3D printing mold core was made of nylon-based PA2200 powder and the metal core was manufactured by conventional machining method. As the PA2200 powder material has low strength, thermal conductivity and high specific heat characteristics compared with metal, molding conditions were set with the consideration of molten temperature and injection pressure. Crystalline resin(PP) and amorphous resin(PS) with low melting temperature and viscosity were selected for the injection molding experiment. Cooling time for processing condition was selected by checking the temperature change of the cores with a cavity temperature sensor. The cooling time of the 3D printing core was required a longer time than that of the metal core. The thickness shrinkage of the molded part compared to the core depth was measured from the gate by a constant interval. It was shown that the thickness shrinkage of the 3D printing core was 2.02 ~ 4.34% larger than that of metal core. In additions, in the case of metal core, thickness shrinkage was increased with distance from the gate, on the contrary, in the case of polymer core showed reversed aspect.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2009

단일코어 연직 배수재 공법은 현재까지 폭넓게 사용되는 연약지반 개량공법이다. 그러나 얇은 플라스틱 보드 형태의 PBD 구조로 인해 압밀 도중 큰 횡 방향 토압과 이에 따른 necking 현상이 발생하고 이는 PBD의 통수능을 감소시킨다. 본 연구 대상인 부산신항만 조성 공사현장은 대심도의 연약지반으로서 PBD 설치 시, 큰 횡 방향 토압에 의한 통수능 감소를 예상되어 통수능 감소현상을 극복하기 위하여 이중코어 PBD를 도입, 시공하고, 기존 형태의 단일코어 PBD를 동시에 설치한 후, 현장에서의 배수재 성능을 비교분석하였다. 실내실험으로는 개량 델프트 실험을 수행하여 연직배수재의 통수능을 측정하고, 현장에서 채취한 시료를 이용해 기본 물성실험 및 CRS 압밀시험을 수행하여 수치 해석 프로그램인 ILLICON에 적용하여 침하거동 양상을 파악하였다. 개량 델프트 실험에서는 이중코어 PBD의 통수능이 단일코어 PBD보다 높게 측정되었으나, 현장 계측 및 수치해석에서는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이는 일발전인 대심도 지반에서 압밀시 발생되는 물의 배수량은 상대적으로 작은 단일코어 PBD의 통수능 범위 보다도 작기 때문에 실제 현장에서는 단일코어 PBD와 이중코어 PBD의 성능차이가 없음을 확인하였다.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.469-481
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• 1997

In this paper we consider TU-cooperative games in the form of characteristic function. We notice that if one uses the necessary and sufficient condition for the core to be not empty in a dual form, it may be used for selecting the final outcome in the core. Using the linear programming approach for constructing the subcore, which is a subset of the core, we represent it in a simple form. We consider reduced games due to Davis-Mashler, Moulin and Funaki and formulate the sufficient conditions for the subcore to be S-consistent.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2007

Here we report a theoretical description of ferromagnetic vortex dynamics. Based on Thiele's formulation of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, the motion of the vortex core could be described by a function of the vortex core position. Under a parabolic potential generated in the circular magnetic patterns, the vortex core showed a circular rotation-namely the gyrotropic motion, which could be described by a 2-dimensional simple harmonic oscillator. The gyrotropic frequency and apparent damping constant were predicted and compared with the values obtained micromagnetic calculation.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2006

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic inflammatory disease that is characterized by invasive synovial hyperplasia, leading to progressive joint destruction. Recent studies have described that RA is caused by virus, bacteria or outside material. Approximately 2 to 20% of RA cases arc reported to be associated with infected hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, the mechanisms underlying virus-induced RA are still unknown. Moreover, few molecular studies have addressed the inflammatory aspects of HCV-associated autoimmune RA. In this study, we aimed to determine whe ther or not another HCV core protein transactivates the IL-8 gene expression, prototypic chemokine, in synovial cell. Methods: To establish the HCV core expressing stable synovial cell line, pCI-neo-core, a plasmid encoding HCV core protein, were transfected to HIG-82 cell line that is an established cell line from rabbit periaricular soft tissue. We examined the morphological changes and cell cycle distribution of HIG-82 cells with expression of HCV core protein by inverted microscopy and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Also, we determined the mRNA levels of Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 related to the inflammation by RT-PCR and then analyzed regulation of IL-8 expression by the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway. Results: Our study showed no significant differences in morphology and cell cycle between HIG-82 control cell line and HIG-82 expressing HCV core protein. However, expression of HCV core protein induces the IL-8 mRNA expression in HIG-82 core cells via activated NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway. Conclusion: These results suggest that HCV core protein can lead to enhanced IL-8 expression. Such a proinflammatory role may contribute to the etiologic pathogenesis in RA patients with HCV infection.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권10호
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• pp.2173-2182
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• 2020

Control valves are widely used to regulate fluid flux in nuclear power plants, and there are more than 1500 control valves in the primary circuit of one nuclear power plant. With their help, the flux can be regulated to a specific level of water or steam to guarantee the energy efficiency and safety of the nuclear power plant. The flux characteristics of the control valve mainly depend on the valve core shape. In order to analyze the effects of valve core shapes on flux characteristics of control valves, this paper focuses on the valve core shapes. To begin with, numerical models of different valve core shapes are established, and results are compared with the ideal flux characteristics curve for the purpose of validation. Meanwhile, the flow fields corresponding to different valve core shapes are investigated. Moreover, relationships between the valve core opening and the outlet flux under different valve core shapes are carried out. The flux characteristics curve and equation are proposed to predict the outlet flux under different valve core openings. This work can benefit the further research of the flux control and the optimization of the valve core for control valves in nuclear power plants.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2016

To realize high-speed intrusion detection by accommodating many regular expression (regex)-based signatures and growing network link capacities, we propose the Service TimE-Aware Load-balancing (STEAL) algorithm. This work is motivated from the observation that utilization of a many-core network intrusion detection system (NIDS) is influenced by unfair computational distribution among many-core NIDS nodes. To avoid such unfair computational distribution, STEAL is designed to dynamically distribute a large volume of traffic among many-core NIDS nodes based on packet service time, which is represented by the deep packet time in many-core NIDS nodes. From experiments, we show that compared to the commonly used load-balancing algorithm based on arrival rate, STEAL increases the number of received packets (i.e., decreases the number of dropped packets) in many-core NIDS. Specifically, by integrating an open source NIDS (i.e. Bro) with STEAL, we show that even under attack-dominant traffic and with many signatures, STEAL can rapidly improve the performance of many-core NIDS to realize high-speed intrusion detection.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2017

A current transformer (CT) is a type of sensor that consists of a combination of electric and magnetic circuits, and it measures large ac currents. When a large amount of current flows into the primary winding, the alternating magnetic flux in the iron core induces an electromotive force in the secondary winding. The characteristics of a CT are determined by the iron core design because the iron core is saturated above a certain magnetic flux density. In particular, when a large current, such as a current surge, is input into a CT, the iron core becomes saturated and the induced electromotive force in the secondary winding fluctuates severely. Under these conditions, the CT no longer functions as a sensor. In this study, the characteristics of the secondary winding were investigated using the time-difference finite element method when a current surge was provided as an input. The CT was modeled as a two-dimensional analysis object using constraints, and the saturation characteristics of the iron core were evaluated using the Newton-Rhapson method. The results of the calculation were compared with the experimental data. The results of this study will prove useful in the designs of the iron core and the windings of CTs.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.1145-1156
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• 2016

To study the effects of foam core density and face-sheet thickness on the mechanical properties and failure modes of aluminum foam sandwich (AFS) beam, especially when the aluminum foam core is made in aluminum alloy and the face sheet thickness is less than 1.5 mm, three-point bending tests were investigated experimentally by using WDW-50E electronic universal tensile testing machine. Load-displacement curves were recorded to understand the mechanical response and photographs were taken to capture the deformation process of the composite structures. Results demonstrated that when foam core was combined with face-sheet thickness of 0.8 mm, its carrying capacity improved with the increase of core density. But when the thickness of face-sheet increased from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, result was opposite. For AFS with the same core density, their carrying capacity increased with the face-sheet thickness, but failure modes of thin face-sheet AFS were completely different from the thick face-sheet AFS. There were three failure modes in the present research: yield damage of both core and bottom face-sheet (Failure mode I), yield damage of foam core (Failure mode II), debonding between the adhesive interface (Failure mode III).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.2107-2110
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• 2009