• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.1112-1118
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• 2004

Automated container terminals have been developed over the world years and many countries are interested in them because the amount of containers exported or imported is rapidly increasing. The conventional container terminals were not designed to handle this kind of heavily many containers. They would face many structural problems soon or later, although they have been managed to do well so far. One of the most important things in automated container terminal is the handing equipments able to transfer many containers efficiently. Those are maybe automated transfer cranes, automatic guided vehicles and automated quay-side cranes. The word 'automated' means the equipment is operated without drivers and those equipments are able to work without any interruption in working schedule. Through the researches on the conventional transfer cranes, we decided that the structure of conventional transfer cranes is not proper in automated container terminal and it is not possible to handle so many container in limited time. Therefore we have been studying on the proper structure of the automated container for past several years and a new type of transfer cranes has been developed. Design concept and control method of the new crane are introduced and experimental results are presented in this paper.his paper.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.35-40
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• 2003

This paper presents a method for designing layout on the yard and evaluating alternative designs of the layout by applying simulation. The method is based on the concepts of the conventional port container terminal with a perpendicular yard layout. In general, yard design of the container terminal is consists of the two major parts. One is to divide yard area between the number of sections and the number of runs and the other is to decide the number of equipment that is the yard truck and yard crane. In the past days, this design was depended on the experience of the terminal operator and the structure of the conventional terminal layout because it is a very complex decision problem. In this paper we suggest the method of yard design as a conceptual procedure and estimate the efficiency of the container crane and the optimal the number of equipment using the simulation. Numerical examples are provided in order to illustrate the conceptual procedure. As the example, the suggested method and simulation are applied to the virtual container terminal with a perpendicular yard layout. In the results, the number of sections and runs on yard area, the number of yard truck per container crane and the number of yard crane per run are decided. In additional, the traffic among blocks on yard layout is estimated in terms of rate.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2003

The operation rules to remarshaling works in yard is very important in automated container terminal (ACT). However, the decision rules for conventional container terminals have some restrictions to be applied to ACT whose block layout Is vortical for berth. The objective of this study is to propose the efficient operations rules for remarshaling works of automated transfer crane (ATC) in ACTs. Then, the various operation rules are simulated to verify the proposed operation rules. The results of the simulation study on various rules are provided and discussed.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 1999년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.309-314
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• 1999

The major movement block of the containers is range between apron and designation points on yard in container terminal. The yard tractor operated by human takes charge of it's movement in conventional container terminal. In unmanned container terminal, UCT(unmanned container transporter) has charge of the yard tractor's role and the navigation path is ordered from upper level control system. The unmanned container terminal facilities must have docking system that guided landing line to have high speed travelling and precision positioning in unmanned container terminal. The general method for docking uses the vision system with CCD camera, infra red, and laser. This paper describes the investigation for the developed docking method in view point of merit and demerit and introduces 속 result of developing the docking system with LSB(laser slit beam).

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.1287-1294
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• 2004

Automated container terminals have been being developed over the world for recent years and many countries are interested in it because the amount of containers exported or imported is rapidly increasing. The conventional container terminals were not designed to control this kind of heavily many containers. They would face many structural problems soon or later, although they have managed to do well so far. One of the most important things in developing automated container terminal is to develop the equipment able to handle many containers efficiently. Those are maybe automated transfer cranes, automatic guided vehicles, and automated quay-side cranes. The word 'automated' means the equipment is operated without drivers and those equipments are able to work without any interruption in working schedule. Through the researches on the conventional transfer cranes, we decided that the structure of the conventional transfer cranes is not efficient in automated container terminal and it's not possible to handle so many containers in limited time. Therefore we have been studying on the proper structure of the automated container crane for past several years and a new type of transfer crane has been developed. Design concept and control method of a new type of transfer crane had been presented in the previous paper: Part Ⅰ. Experimental features will be presented with a model transfer crane in this paper: Part Ⅱ.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.479-485
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• 2004

세계적으로 컨테이너 물동량의 증가, 선박의 대형화 및 고속화, 터미널 운영비의 증가 및 기술환경의 변화로 인해 자동화 컨테이너터미널(Aotomated Container Terminal： ACT)에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있고, 기존의 외국 ACT는 자동화 영역을 확장해 가고 있으며 세부 기술연구에 박차를 가하고 있는 실정이다. 국내에서도 세계적 추세를 인지하고, ACT의 필요성을 절감하여 1998년 10월 해양수산부에서 "ACT 개발 추진계획"을 수립하면서 ACT 개발에 관한 연구에 지원하고, ACT 건설을 추진하기로 하였다. 이후 1999년 12월에 해양수산부와 과학기술부는 "첨단항만 핵심기술 개발사업"을 "국가중점연구개발사업"으로 선정하였고, 현재 정부 지원아래 추진 및 연구 중에 있다. 이러한 자동화 컨테이너터미널 계획 및 개발에 관한 프로젝트가 추진되면서 터미널 운영, 자동화 장비, 정보시스템 구축에 관한 기술발전이 이루어지고 있다. 컨테이너터미널의 자동화는 장비뿐만 아니라 정보시스템과의 원활한 연계를 통해 이루어질 수 있다. 그래서 자동화의 수준은 운영시스템의 개발시기, 신뢰성, 투자비용, 취급물동량, 기술수준 등 제반요소에 따라 달라진다. 본 연구는 해외 선지 ACT의 유형 및 유형별 특성을 파악하고, 각 유형별 특성을 분석함으로써 향후 ACT 개발 시 핵심적으로 고려해야 할 사항들을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.577-584
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• 2003

컨테이너 터미널은 유형별로 터미널 배치 형태, 장비 종류 및 규모 등이 다르기 때문에 생산성 및 경제성 측면에서 차이가 있다. 따라서, 객관적인 기준을 바탕으로 하여 생산성 및 경제성을 평가함으로써 각 터미널 형태에 대한 이해를 높일 필요가 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 필요성에 따라 기존의 재래 터미널, ECT 무인 터미널 그리고 Ceres 도크 식 터미널 등 현재 개장 중인 3개 터미널 형태에 대하여 총면적, 안벽길이, 투입 장비 등을 기준으로 생산성을 분석하고, 장비 구입비, 건설비, 인건비 등을 포함하는 총비용을 도출하여 경제성을 평가한다. 또한, 이러한 결과와 우리나라의 터미널 운영 환경을 고려하여 각 유형의 도입 타당성을 검토하고, 최적 유형과 유형별 도입 단계를 제시한다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.219-225
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• 2000

The major movement block of the containers have range between apron and designation points on yard in container terminal. The yard tractor operated by human takes charge of its movement in conventional container terminal. In automated container terminal, AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle) has charge of the yard tractor's role and the navigation path is ordered from upper level control system. The automated container terminal facilities must have the docking system to guide landing line to have high speed travelling and precision positioning. The general method for docking system uses the vision system with CCD camera, infra red, and laser. This paper describes the detection of AGV's position and orientation using laser slit beam to develop docking system.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.183-188
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• 2004

본 연구는 시뮬레이션을 활용하여 장치장의 레이아웃을 설계하고 레이아웃의 대안설계를 평가하기 위한 방법을 제시한 다. 설계방법론은 장치장 레이아웃을 가진 재래식 컨테이너터미널의 개념들을 기초로 한다. 일반적으로 컨테이너터미널의 장치장 설계는 두가지 부분으로 구성되는데, 하나는 섹션수와 런수간의 장치장 면적을 분리하는 것이고, 다른 하나는 야드트럭과 야드크 레인과 같은 장비의 수찰 결정하는 것이다. 과거에는 이 설계가 매우 복잡한 문제이기 때문에 재래식 컨테이너터미널의 복제와 운영자의 경험에 의존했다. 본 논문에서는 개념설계로서 장치장 설계 방법을 제안하며, 시뮬레이션을 사용하여 컨테이너크레인의 효율과 장비의 최적대수를 추정한다. 실험결과로서 장치장 영역에서 섹션과 런의 수, 컨테이너 크레인당 야드트럭의 수, 런당 야드 크레인의 수 똥이 결정된다. 추가로 장치장 레이아웃에서 블록간의 통행량 흐름이 비율별로 추정된다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.155-160
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• 2003

Today, for improvement of container terminal productivity, it is necessary to develop ACT(Automated Container Terminal) But, decision rules for conventional container terminals expose various limitations to be applied to ACT. Specially it is important fact to assignment of containers, because the character of ACT which block layout is vertical for berth. And then there is need which assignment of containers with remarshaling work using ATC(Automated Transfer Crane)s. The objective of this study is to provide the operation rules for remarshaling work in ACT. To analyze the proposed rules, the simulation is performed, and we show efficiency of remarshaling on various remarshaling operation rules.