• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.225-235
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study is to model all levels of situation awareness (SA), which would be able to predict situation awareness quantitatively. Background: When measuring situation awareness, directly measuring SA methods such as SAGAT and SART have been utilized. Several approaches (cognitive modeling approaches) were introduced to model SA but level 3 SA was not completed. For real-life situation, however, it is necessary to detect the problematic level of SA rather than overall SA. Therefore, we proposed a new model of all levels of SA in this study. Method: In order to model all levels of SA, this study chose factors in ACT-R architecture through literature review. ATC (Air Traffic Control)-related simulation task was video-taped to analyze human behaviors in order to model all levels of SA including level 3. Results: As a result, regression analyses show that cognitive activities (neural activations) represented for all levels of SA were highly correlated with SAGAT. Conclusion: In conclusion, neural activations in ACT-R could be proved to be effective to model all levels of SA. Application: Our SA model could be used to predict all levels of SA quantitatively without directly measuring the SA of operators.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.207-217
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• 2002

This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of atmospheric concentrations of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Korea. Target compounds included 1,3-butadiene, aromatics such as BTEX, and a number of carbonyl compounds. In this paper, as the second part of the study, the seasonal and locational concentrations of atmospheric VOCs were evaluated. Sampling was conducted seasonally at seven sampling sites. each of them representing a large urban area (commercial and residential), a small urban area (commercial and residential), an industrial area (a site within the complex and a residential), and a background place in Korea. In general, higher concentrations were found in the petro-chemical industrial site than other sites, while VOCs measured in commercial (heavy -traffic) sites were higher than residential sites. Seasonality of VOCs concentrations were not so much clear as other combustion related pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, indicating that the VOCs are emitted from a variety of sources, not only vehicle exhaust and point sources but fugitive emissions. Except the industrial site, the concentrations of VOCs measured in this study do not reveal any serious pollution status, since the levels did not exceed any existing ambient standards in the U.K. and/or Japan. However, the increasing number of petrol -powered vehicles and the rapid industrialization in Korea may result in the increased levels of VOCs concentrations in many large urban areas in the near future, if there is no appropriate programme implemented for the control of these compounds.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.762-770
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• 2013

Korean military is currently using and operating a precision approach and landing system, called RAPCON (ASR/PAR), which is imported from overseas. However, drawbacks of this system are operational and cost problems that come along, e.g. straightness of the radio waves, limited ability of narrow searching, lack of interoperability, and high cost of installation and maintenance. Moreover, as the civilian air traffic control uses a similar system compared to the military, the so called DME/VOR/ILS, disturbance between these two systems triggered the consideration of GNSS as alternative system. In this paper, we conduct a research on trends in the field of precise approach and landing systems based on GNSS, analyze weaknesses of GNSS(jamming, fault) and consider possible solutions. Furthermore, we propose the precise approach and landing system based on GNSS to be used by the Korean military as we found it to be also suitable for military purposes. Finally, we examine the benefits of a domestic development with different focuses(development/cost of mass production/operational advantages and potential for increased performance).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2011

Measurement noise variance of the radar is one of the main inputs of a state estimator of surveillance data processing system for air traffic control and has influences on the accuracy performance of maneuvering target tracking. A method is presented of estimating measurement noise variances every frame of target tracking using likelihood functions of multiple IMM filter. The results by running of Monte Carlo simulation show that variances are estimated within 5% of errors compared with true values and the tracking accuracy performance is improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2014

In this paper, the instrument flight certification process and flight test results of Korean Utility Helicopter (KUH) are presented. For the instrument flight certification, the suitability of installed equipments and instruments have been reviewed and verified by ground and flight tests. Next, static and dynamic stability test are conducted in accordance with FAR-29 Appendix B. The static stability is determined by the change of speed and attitude according to control inputs. The dynamic stability is evaluated by how quickly the response of the helicopter due to long and short period control inputs are decreased. The pilot workload evaluation are also carried out by simulated IMC flight tests. This paper presents the workload assessment results when some failures are occurred at cockpit instruments, engine or flight control systems as well as the normal situation. After the simulated IMC flight test is completed, actual instrument flight test are conducted in a real IMC environment according to the air traffic controls.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.435-440
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• 2006

The Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM), which is the reduced minimum from 2,000 ft to 1,000 ft at flight levels (FL) between 290 and FL410 inclusive, was implemented in 30 September 2005 within the Japanese domestic airspace. Prior to the implementation, safety assessment for the airspace in assumed RVSM environments was carried out. Some model parameter values of collision risk model were estimated using flight plan (progress) data and radar data. An estimate of vertical collision risk including operational risk was calculated using these together with given parameter values. The results obtained from this analysis are as follows. (1) Contribution of the vertical collision risk for the crossing routes is about 9 percents of the total technical risk. (2) The estimate of the collision risk is $4.1{\times}10^{-9}$ [fatal accidents / flight hour] and the value is smaller than a maximum allowable level of collision risk, i.e. $5{\times}10^{-9}$ [fatal accidents / flight hour], called the Target Level of Safety.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.44-49
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• 2007

An agent is an abstract unit for problem solving in the field of distributed artificial intelligence, and an agent-based system is designed and implemented based on the definition of agent as its central concept. Agent modeling is advantageous to abstraction, disintegration and structuring for describing complex system, so its application is increased in various areas including air traffic control, power transmission, e-commerce and medicine. There is no agreed definition of agent but agents have common points as follows: autonomy, reactivity, pro-activeness and cooperation. An agent-oriented modeling is an approach of a concept different form existing object-oriented modeling. This study proposed the agent application for E-Beam manufacturing system. To evaluate the performance of the proposed process design, we used the JADE library. The JADE toolkit provides a FIPA-compliant agent platform and a package to develp Java agents. It provides a basic set of functionalities that are regarded as essential for an autonomous agent architecture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2019.07a
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• pp.243-244
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• 2019

본 논문에서는지속 가능한 IoT Platform을 개발 하였다. 개발된 IoT(Internet of Things) Platform은 센서를 제어하는 특정 시스템과의 통신을 통한 제어 및 데이터 전달에 용이하고, 제한된 통신 환경 및 낮은 전력에서도 지속적인 작동이 가능하여 가용성(Availability)과 확장성(Extensibility)이 뛰어나다. 본 논문에서는 지속 가능한 IoT Platform의 테스트를 위해 클라우드 컴퓨팅 플랫폼인 AWS EC2(Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, EC2)에 구축하였으며, DataBase 서버로는 오픈 소스 관계형 데이터베이스 관리 시스템인 MariaDB를 선정하였으며, 센서를 제어하는 특정 시스템인 스마트 미러 시스템(Smart Mirror System)과 미세먼지 제어 시스템(Air Quality Control System)에 기존의 Google IoT Platform에서 사용되는 MQTT Protocol(Message Queuing Telemetry Transport Protocol)와 지속 가능한 IoT Platform를 위해 개발된 TCP/IP Protocol를 사용하여 비교했다. 개발된 IoT Platform은 UTM(Unmanned Aircraft System Traffic Management)으로 확장할 계획이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.12-20
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the face validity of the revised EPTA (English Proficiency Test for Aviation) to see if the tests actually contribute to the enhancement of aviation safety and achieve the purpose of the assessment. In order to reach the above objectives, 103 pilot test takers were surveyed, and nine in-depth interviewees were selected and interviewed. In addition, detailed research results were derived by dividing the participants into the pilot's flight experience (31 captain pilots, 42 first officer pilots, and 30 general commercial pilots). As a result, pilot participants were generally aware that EPTA was more reasonable because the revised EPTA properly implemented the aviation situation and gave participants motivation to learn aviation English. It was also seen that first officer pilots had a higher face validity of EPTA than captain and general commercial pilots. The reason was that first officer pilots considered air traffic control job was more important than other pilots did.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.367-377
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• 2021

Objectives: Taxi drivers are exposed to various hazards, such as long periods of sedentary work and traffic-related air pollutants. However, studies on the health effects among taxi drivers in South Korea are insufficient. Methods: To assess subclinical hematologic change related to cardiovascular disease among male taxi drivers, we analyzed data from the second Korean National Environmental Health Survey. Fifty-nine taxi drivers and 1,912 controls were included in the analysis. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for age, body mass index, and urinary cotinine. A total of 295 subjects were matched with 59 taxi drivers. Leukocyte count, platelet count, hematocrit, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol land total IgE of the taxi drivers were compared with the control groups. Results: Taxi drivers showed significantly elevated blood leukocytes and platelets. Serum total IgE was significantly reduced in taxi drivers. However, blood leukocytes, platelets, and serum total IgE were not significantly correlated with work period among taxi drivers. Conclusions: Regarding the change of the blood leukocyte count, platelet count, and serum total IgE, taxi driving has the possibility to be associated with peripheral inflammation, humoral immunity and cardiovascular risk.