• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.135-147
• /
• 1986

The simplification and the searching trends of complex data which assumed relationship between predictor variables and object variables are one of primary objective of ecological research. This study was aimed to apply cononical analysis consisting of canonical correlation analysis and canonical variate analysis related to lichen vegetation and several environmental variables which are elevation, height on grond, exposure side and cover values. Data collected from the Duckyoo National Park in August 1985. Lichen species was ranked by eqivocation information theory with cover values. Canonical correlation analysis was applied to one data set both set both environmental variables and lichem family. In order to make two sets of data matrix the scale of position vector ordination was calculated from the vector scalar product for lichen species. Canonical variate analysis was applied to rearranged data which was made by interval class code for environmental variables. The sharpness values was calculated in frequency of cotingency tables and the dispersion profiles of each species in classes of environmental variables was designed to extract component values based on the decomposition of expected frequencies in contingency table. The results of canonical correlation analysis revealed canonical first correlation value 0.815(89%), and second correlation value 0.083(11%). Significance test showed that the hypothesis of joint mutuallity of canonical correlation is accepted (P>0.05). The relation between canonical score of vegetation variables and that of environmental variable indicated linear tendency.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권9호
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2021

The main objective of this research is to examine the effect of organizational culture, environmental uncertainty, and manager's personnel value on environmental disclosure through the environmental organizational structure of manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research uses the structuration and contingency theory. The sample in this study focused on the level of heads or managers or directors of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research data was obtained through an online questionnaire distributed to heads or managers. The total sample of this study is 161 manufacturing companies. The data comprising of 64 respondents was completed and can be processed. Empirical testing used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through Partial Least Square (PLS). The result shows that environmental uncertainty and management personnel value have a positive effect on the environmental organizational structure, as well as the environmental organizational structure has a positive effect on the environmental disclosure. However, organizational culture has no effect on the environmental organizational structure. This research can provide benefits for manufacturing companies. The limitation include the low level of response from the respondents. Also the results cannot be generalized due to its specific focus on the manufacturing companies.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.412-420
• /
• 2010

상품 및 시장의 복잡성으로 인하여 소비자들은 마케팅 대상에 대하여 역설적인 태도를 가지는 현상이 증대하게 되었는데, 이런 역설적인 태도들은 소비자와 상품간의 관계에 중요한 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구에서는 심층 면접, 근거 이론 등을 활용하여 최근 그 중요성이 강조되고 있는 농식품을 중심으로 이런 역설적 현상들을 발견하고 소비자의 대응 행동 양식을 이해하고자 하였다. 연구 결과에 의하면 사전의 기대나 소비 경험이 역설을 발생시키는 요인이 되며, 이로 인하여 가격, 유통, 상품, 촉진 및 소비와 관련한 역설적인 품질 경험이 발생하게 됨을 알 수 있었다. 발생된 경험은 인구통계학적 특성의 차이나 기타 기호, 위험 지각 등 중재적 조건의 정도에 따라 차이는 있지만 소비자들에게 품질 역설과 관련된 상호작용이나 커뮤니케이션을 유발하게 되고, 결과적으로 소비자들이 이런 역설적 상황에 보다 효율적으로 대응할 수 있도록 구매 최소화, 잉여분 처분, 참여, 품질기대 조정, 품질기준 재정립, 품질정보원 활용 등 다양한 대응 전략들을 촉진하게 된다.

• 조형예술학연구
• /
• 제2권
• /
• pp.193-221
• /
• 2000

The postmodern culture since the later 20C breaks downa tradition a relation between the reality and languages or sign images expressing it. It develops in the way to review the meaning on the object's imitation or the representation to have been followed since Plato and represent the new state and concept of expressed things. Also, The visual art leads an change of paradigm by images giving up the visual resemblance or the function of representation and endowing them with the new sense. This essay has a purpose to study an important discussion about this change centered on Baudrillard and Lacan. A sociologist Baudrillard promotes the concept of 'simulation' through detecting the reality and the social and historical state of the image. Studying on the course of this change, he calls the step that the image escapes from the stage to reflect the reality and become the pure imitation by itself simulation. The image in the stage of simulation is called 'hyperreality' because it doesn't have any an indicator or a substitute and happens by models without the original or the reality. So he asserts that art is not to contain some absoluteness or transcendency as the past, but to be as the spectacle with characteristics of meaningless, emptiness, contingency. Lacan dismantles the concept of the absolute Cogito to have become the center of the western ideology, and creates the concept of 'Other'. He concludes also the reality exists but can't be captured, and it's impossible for the thinking subject can reach it. The concept of new image which can be thought as the Symbolic in Lacan is 'Signifier without Signified' since it isn't possible to be the transcendent Signifier fixing the meaning finally in it. His 'Gaze' theory is which to be emitted in other's area determines the subject. Equally Baudrillard and Lacan sets up the new state of the image through the end of representation system As for Baudrillard, art intends to the worthlessness and is nothing but imagination. But in Lacan a picture represents the subject being in process by the dialectic of desire.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.39-62
• /
• 2022

Purpose - Along with the growing awareness of environmental sustainability, international green entrepreneurship is expected to realize international sustainable development (ISD) by introducing ecological innovation results, using fewer resources consumption, and reducing negative environmental impacts. Building upon contingency theory and social network theory, this paper attempts to explore the role of home country-based networks (technology ties and business ties) as contingent factors that might impact the effectiveness of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in promoting ISD among green ventures. Design/methodology - Original data were collected from 127 green ventures in China based on the random sampling technique. These green ventures mainly focus on the lower use of energy or materials, lower CO2 emissions, and higher ecological benefits located in the Fujian province, which highlights green economic growth and economic cooperation with international markets. Moderated hierarchical linear regression analysis was conducted to test our hypotheses concerning the main relationship between EO (innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking) and ISD as well as the moderating effects of home country-based networks (technology ties and business ties) on the main relationship. Findings - Empirical results indicate that: first, both innovativeness and proactiveness positively affect ISD; second, both technology ties and business ties at home might significantly strengthen the positive relationship between innovativeness (or proactiveness) and ISD. However, this study did not find significant moderating effects of technology ties or business ties at home on the relationship between risk-taking and ISD. Originality/value - Since previous literature often gives more focus on the host country context of social networks, this study shifts to a home country-based network context. Therefore, our research might enrich the international green entrepreneurship literature by empirically investigating the contingent value of home country-based networks in the relationship between EO and ISD in the context of an emerging economy such as China.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
• /
• 제25권
• /
• pp.151-183
• /
• 1993

As many Korean libraries has begun to be automated and become a part of the worldwide, open library system, they need a new management. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the library management in automated libraries and to establish a theory of the library management in information society, The automated libraries could be well explained by the systems theory and the environment of the libraries could be well explained by the contingency theory, The following hypothesis were set to direct this research. 1. As the libraries are automated and become a part of one big, worldwide library system, the libraries interact closely with the environment so that the library and the environment become one. 2. As the libraries are automated and become a part of one big, worldwide library system, the librarians need to work in the environment for the library networks, standardization of cataloging, or government information policy making. 3. As the libraries are automated and become a part of one big, worldwide library system, the librarians only manage the library, The various other library staffs take over the traditional library services directly related to books. The data were gathered from the research done previously, Also the date were collected from the American and Japanese libraries. The findings were as follows: The environment of the library integrated all types of the library services such as school library, university library, etc. And it also integrated all the services of the media centers and the press centers, etc. to library services. And the new library services began in the environment. Librarians worked for these new services. In the library, the librarians distingushed the library system from the environment by planning : mission, goal, objectives, policy, procedures and rules. Library organization became temporary such as forming task forces or matrix or free form. The environment controlled the library. Staffs were controlled by plans or computers. And the professional librarians were controlled by their ability to solve problems raised outside the libraries. Library leaders brought in the technology to the library from its environment. The librarians led the formal and informal organizations so that the staffs cooperated well in their work. And librarians tought the library procedures to the partime workers or the temporary staffs. Participative management and management by objectives were the means of motivating staffs. Budget was based on the ever changing environment. The zero based budget method was applied. Therfore, in the information society, the professional librarians become the able managers in the library and global librarians in the environment.

• 정보기술응용연구
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.83-111
• /
• 2000

본 연구는 정보화시대에 군이 변화하는 환경에 적응할 수 있도록 (1) 군사혁신의 구성요소와 정보기술이 국방영역에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, (2) 혁신 대상이 되는 전환과제를 도출하며, (3) 선진국의 군사혁신 사례 및 우리 군의 현 실태를 비교 분석하여 정보화환경과 부적합한 요소를 분석하고, (4) 도출된 혁신과제를 수행하기 위한 방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 군사혁신의 구성요소를 현재 군사분야의 임무별/사업별 핵심영역이라고 할 수 있는 국방전략, 조직구조 및 환경, 교육훈련, 군사기술, 군수 및 병참 등 5개 과제에 한정하고, 이 5개 분야가 변화된 정보화 환경에 어떻게 영향을 받고 있으며, 부적합요소가 무엇이며, 어떻게 개선할 것인가 하는 혁신방안을 제시하였다. 군사혁신의 구성요소와 정보기술이 국방영역에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 미군의 군사혁신 사례 및 경향을 분석하여 시사점을 도출하고, 그 기준에 의거 우리 국방의 현 실태를 진단한 뒤 추진방안을 제시하였다.

• 미술이론과 현장
• /
• 제7호
• /
• pp.89-123
• /
• 2009

The Philippines was colonized by Spain for about centuries, from 1521 to 1898, and ruled by America for around four decades, from 1899 to 1946. After recovering from the Second World War, the government started to harness human labor as export itself. In the present time the overseas Filipinos keep the economy afloat with their steady transfer of money to relatives and dependents. Through the art works, the issue which Filipinos were exploited and exported by its government has been reflected as the various allegories. As Filipinos traditionally follow and keep Catholic belief, themes of Christ's sacrifice has allegorically been represented as salvation, struggle, suppression, and emancipation of people. Through the allegory, we can interpret both the intrinsic and superficial texts. Also we can identity certain modes of the visuality of allegory in selected works from Philippine art history that in their complex mediations materialize the people and dignity of their predicament and their prevailing. Philippine art can be divided as three different features: passion, vagrancy, and mass formation. The passion stage was depicted as deep structure of Christian thought and devotional feeling, harsh capitalist system. In the pictures of vagrancy, under the regime of Ferdinand Marcos, the themes of drift, deprivation, and homelessness are reckoned through the images of pictures. The stories represented with allegory have been played an important role to bring local issues up as national ones. Those stages take us to the processes of mass formation or the depiction of the people as a moment in the totality of force. The allegorical sign refers to another sign that precedes it, but with which it will never able to coincide reach back to a previous stage and in this constant attempt at return incorporates a structural distance from its origin. The true people's art is one that radically generates transformative technologies and techniques so that it irrevocably breaks the plane of "art". In the painting, the truth is represented by functioning as foundation of a rhetoric of the image. And at this axis, the passional, the vagrant, and the mass formation tend to come together because they render the form of contingency that must be suffered and hopefully surpassed, a Filipino subjectivity that must be stitched in time.

• 한국전자거래학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.283-299
• /
• 2011

본 연구에서는 태스크-기술 적합 이론에 기반하여 TV홈쇼핑, 인터넷 쇼핑, 브로드밴드 응용(IPTV) 등 3개의 가상 쇼핑 채널에 대한 소비자 선호에 영향을 주는 적합요인을 탐색하였다. 적합 요인 탐색은 오프라인 대비 웹에서 제품 구매 시 불확실성에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 품질 파악 관점에서의 제품 분류 유형인 quasi-commodity, look and feel 제품, 그리고 look and feel with variable quality 제품 등 3개의 제품군 별로 차별화하였다. 이론적으로 도출한, 3개의 가상 쇼핑 환경에서 3개의 유형별 제품을 구매할 때 소비자의 채널 선호에 영향을 주는 적합 속성에 대한 검증은 서베이 데이터를 이용해 단계별 회귀분석 기법을 적용하여 실증적으로 분석하였다. 또한 ANOVA와 Duncan 사후 분석을 통하여 3개의 가상 채널과 제품 유형 별로 적합 속성의 상대적 중요성을 비교 분석하여 시사점을 제시하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 3개의 가상 쇼핑 채널이 기반하고 있는 미디어 기술과 다양한 제품 구매 태스크의 적절한 매칭을 위한 4가지 주요 적합 속성과 상대적 차별성이 파악되었으며, 본 연구결과는 디지털 융합 기반 쇼핑 채널 설계에 유용한 시사점을 제공할 수 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제12권10호
• /
• pp.191-199
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 글로벌 기업을 대상으로 기업의 경영성과와 리더십 유형과의 관계를 실증적으로 분석 하였다. 또한 본 연구를 수행하기 위해 경영성과와 리더십 유형을 종합적으로 분석하여 본 연구에 맞게 연구모형을 개발 하였다. 글로벌 기업은 리더의 특성이나 상황도 매우 중요하지만, 조직구성원이 어떻게 지각하고 평가하느냐에 따라 리더십은 재평가되어 지고 있는 것이 현실이다. 따라서 연구모형을 중심으로 글로벌 기업의 조직구성원이 지각한 리더의 유형과 경영성과간의 영향관계를 분석 검증 하였다. 연구 결과 글로벌 기업의 리더십 유형은 직무만족, 그리고 성과변수인 매출액향상, 생산성향상에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 글로벌 기업은 조직 특성상 전문 인력을 적절히 배치하는 리더십을 발휘할 때 기업의 효율성과 성과는 상승할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 글로벌 기업의 조직적 성과관리에 유용한 지침이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대하고 있다.