• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.149-156
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• 2013

In this research, we dealt with an optimization problem which aims to minimize total cost of resources usage and network routing in a smart node environment. Toward this, we briefly introduced technology trends in smart nodes, methods in resource optimization fields, economic effects of smart network and content delivery (or distribution) network (CDN). Moreover, based on CDN we proposed and implemented a mathematical (mixed integer) programming model to combine replica placement and requests distribution problem (RPRDP) and routing problem. Computational result of an example on RPRDP+Routing problem is also provided.

• The Journal of Information Technology and Database
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.41-60
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• 2001

Despite the growth in Internet users, demand for multi-medial, large data files and resulting explosive growth in data traffic, there has been lack of investment in Middle-Mile, interconnection of various networks, resulting in bottleneck effect, which is acerbating. One strategy to overcome such network bottleneck is Content Delivery Network (CDN). CDN does not achieve efficient delivery of large file data through physical improvement/increase in network capacity, but by delivering large file contents, the cause of bottlenecks, from distributed servers. Since it is impracticable to physically improve networks capacity to accommodate the growth in internet traffic, CON, by strong CPs contents at cache servers deployed at major ISPs networks, is able to deliver requested contents to the requesting Web clients without the loss of data and long latency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.10c
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• pp.463-465
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• 2003

CDN (Content Delivery Network) [1]은 분배서버와 네트워크의 상태를 고려하여 다양한 서비스의 컨텐츠를 보다 효율적으로 전송할 수 있도록 설계된 네트워크이다. 이러한 CDN을 구성하기 위해서는 네트워크 계획, 컨텐츠 할당, 분배서버 선택 등을 고려해야 한다. 특히, 분배서버 선택을 위한 기존의 연구들은 분배서버 선택 시 모든 분배서버에 대한 측정된 값 (응답시간, 지연)이나 실시간 정보를 기준으로 분배서버를 선택하게 되므로 호 봉쇄 확률을 고려하지 않게 되고 제어 프로토콜로 인한 오버헤드가 많아지게 된다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 분배서버에서 서비스하고 있는 호의 수와 응답 시간을 고려한 새로운 서버 선택 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘에서 CDN의 분배서버들은 호의 수에 따라 논리적 최소 힙(heap) 구조로 구성되며 이를 이용하여 각 호스트는 자신에게 적당한 분배서버들의 서브 집합을 구성함으로써 오버헤드를 줄일 수 있는 메커니즘을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.1151-1154
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• 2002

최근 인터넷 정보통신 기술의 발전으로 인한 인터넷 사용자의 폭발적 증거와 전자상거래를 통한 디지털 컨텐츠 유통 시장의 성장 등으로 인해 급격히 증가하는 네트워크 트래픽을 수용하고 처리하기 위해 다양한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 논문은 새로운 네트워크 서비스의 중심으로 등장할 CDN 시스템 환경에서 디지털 컨텐츠와 저작권을 보호하기 위한 방안으로 CDN 기반의 분산 DRM 시스템을 설계한다. 이를 위해 분산 저장되어 있는 컨텐츠에 보다 강한 보안성을 제공하는 DRM 패키지 형식이 정의되었으며, 기존의 CDN 시스템과 상호 운용하기 위한 분산 DRM 시스템의 동작 절차를 제시한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.04a
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• pp.404-407
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• 2014

CDN(Content Delivery Network)은 사용자의 콘텐츠 요청에 대해 캐쉬 서버의 부하를 줄이기 위해 사용자와 가장 인접한 캐쉬 서버를 통하여 사용자에게 보다 빠르게 콘텐츠를 제공 하도록 되어있다. 현재까지의 연구는 대용량 콘텐츠 스트리밍 서비스를 위한 속도적 측면만 고려하고 있으며 콘텐츠를 빠르게 제공하기 위하여 같은 콘텐츠를 여러 캐싱서버로 분산하여 보안성이 충분하지 못한 단점이 있다. 하지만 사용자에게 충분한 보안성을 갖춘 대용량 콘텐츠를 제공하려면 암호화 연산의 증가로 인하여, 속도적 측면이 감소하므로 CDN의 본연의 기능을 잃을 수 있다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 해시기반 스크램블링을 이용한 암호화 기법의 보안의 취약성을 분석하고 이를 극복하기 위해 보안성을 향상시킨 RECOS(Robust Encryption for COntent Secure)기법을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 시뮬레이션에서 기존 기법과 제안 기법의 속도를 비교하였으며, 기존 기법의 취약성 분석을 통하여 제안 기법의 향상된 보안성을 보였다. 결과적으로 기존의 해시기반 암호화 기법과 비교하여 속도에 차이가 거의 없음에도 불구하고 향상된 보안성을 보였다.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.243-257
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• 2006

ITU-T's NgN(Next generation Network) architecture is expected to offer a new Internet platforms such as QoS(Quality of Service) guaranteed services as it overcame the limitations of the existing best-effort Internet architecture. However, policy development crucial for the NgN framework(e.g., interconnections and billing) is lagging far behind technology development. For example, arguments over network neutrality clearly indicate little understanding of the Internet industry structure where diverse providers including ISP and CP coexist. This study employs a network economics approach to predict how the competitive landscape involving various providers will evolve under the traffic-based billing system under the NgN environment. Applied is the non-cooperative game theory, in particular, Stackelberg's repeated game in order to build and analyze model for competition among those providers. We also studied possible impacts that CPs would have on the competitive landscape if they have an option to replace ISP: i.e., CDN(Content Delivery Network) provider. Lastly, based on the model analysis and experiments, presented are their implications to policy development and tile future prospect.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 2024

For examining Web3.0 video streaming (VS) platforms in terms of the decentralized technology, tokenization and decentralized autonomous organization (DAO), we look at four platforms like DLive, DTube, Livepeer, and Theta Network (Theta). As a result, DLive which firstly partnered with Medianova for CDN and with Theta for peer to peer (P2P) network and migrates to Tron blockchain (BC), receives no commission from what creators earn, gives rewards to viewers by measuring engagement, and incentivizes participation by allowing 20% of donation & fees for funding development, 5% to BitTorrent Token (BTT) stakeholders (among these 5%, 20% to partners, 80% to other BTT stakeholders). DTube on its own lower-layer BC, Avalon, offers InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), gives 90% of the created value to creators or curators, and try to empower the community. Livepeer on Ethereum BC offers decentralized CDN, P2P, gives Livepeer Token (LPT) as incentive for network participants, and delegators can stake their LPT to orchestrators doing good. Theta on its native BC pulls streams from peering caching nodes, creates P2P network, gives Theta utility token, TFUEL for caching or relay nodes contributors, and allows Theta governance token, THETA as staking token. We contribute to the categorization of Web3.0 VS platforms: DLive and DTube reduce the risk of platform censorship, promote the diverse content, and allow the community to lead to more user-friendly environments. On the other hand, Livepeer and Theta provide new methods to stream content, but they have some differences. Whereas Livepeer focuses on the transcoding layer, Theta concentrates both on the video application layer and content delivery layer. It means, Theta tries to deliver value to all participants by enhancing network quality, reducing CDN cost, and rewarding users in utility tokens for the storage and bandwidth they provide.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.94-104
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• 2020

Currently media consumption over fixed/mobile Internet is mostly conducted by adaptive media streaming technology such as DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP), which is an ISO/IEC MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) standard, or some other technologies similar to DASH. All these heavily depend on the HTTP caches that ISPs (Internet Service Providers) are obliged to provide sufficiently to make sure fast enough Web services. As a result, as the number of media streaming users increases, ISPs' burden for HTTP cache has been greatly increased rather than CDN (Content Delivery Network) providers' server burden. Hence ISPs charge traffic cost to CDN providers to compensate for the increased cost of HTTP caches. Recently in order to reduce the traffic cost of CDN providers, P2P (Peer-to-Peer)-assisted DASH system was proposed and a peer selection algorithm that maximally reduces CDN provides' traffic cost was investigated for this system. This algorithm, however, tends to concentrate the burden upon the selected peer. This paper proposes a new peer selection algorithm that distributes the burden among multiple peers while maintaining the proper reduction level of the CDN providers' cost. Through implementation of the new algorithm in a Web-based media streaming system using WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) standard APIs, it demonstrates its effectiveness with experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.536-554
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• 2001

인터넷 이용자의 증가와 멀티미디어 등 대용량 콘텐츠에 대한 수요의 증가로 인해 데이터 트래픽은 기하 급수적으로 늘어나는 데 비해 네트웍 성능향상에 대한 투자는 이에 미치지 못함으로서 결과적으로 인터넷은 트래픽의 병목현상, 즉 정체현상이 발생하게 되었으며 점차 그 정도가 심해지고 있다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 제안하는 방안이 바로 전략적 CDN(Content Delivery Network) 이다. 현실적으로, 본 연구는 물리적인 망 증설만으로는 트래픽 체증 문제를 해결하기는 어려우므로 주요 ISP 네트웍에 전략적 캐시서버를 설치하여 CP의 콘텐츠를 각 ISP 네트웍마다 분산하여 저장하고 이용자의 요청 시 이용자의 인터넷 회선이 물려 있는 ISP 네트웍에서 바로 콘텐츠를 전송하여 데이터 손실과 속도 저하 등의 문제를 해결하는 CDN의 구성과 그 효과를 실증적으로 밝혔다.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.342-354
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• 2001

The appearance of on-demand business model of multimedia contents is one of the biggest changes in the broadband Internet which aims at the high-speed Internet users. Currently the interest in the webcasting service, a new converged service of the broadcasting and the telecommunications, has been increased. However the quality of service is not guaranteed due to the bottleneck problem in a middle-mile as the fundamental limit of the Internet, and has not been improved greatly due to the small-scaled operators of the webcasting services. This study suggests a new business model of the multi-channel satellite webcasting service based on the satellite multicasting and content delivery network, which guarantees the quality of service and channelizes the contents by the type or by the special purpose.