• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.114-121
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• 2014

Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi accomplished the base of Japanese Dado as well as has set Japanese representative traditional culture. These are the products of the spiritual culture completed by the ideas of Sen Rikyu and Kobori Enshu, that are Wabi spirit and Kirei sabi spirit combined with the tea. This study is about the interpretation of Japanese traditional space designs related to Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi as Japanese Traditional spiritual archetype. The process of this study is illustrated as follows: At first, it mentions the concept of Konomi as self-organizing system, and esthetic characteristics of Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi. Secondly, it clarifies internal meanings and spacial characters of Konomi in the Japanese traditional space through the exploring Taian tea house as the example of Rikyu-Konomi, and Bosen tearoom and Katsurarikyu as the examples of Enshu-Konomi. Thirdly, it ascertains Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi represented in the contemporary architectural spaces. It analyses the relation between modern traditional space designs and traditional archetypal vocabularies, and examines those spaces from an esthetic point of view for modern implication of Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi. In conclusion, it clarifies the contemporary significance of Rikyu-Konomi and Enshu-Konomi in terms of japan traditional space design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.6 s.53
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• pp.177-184
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• 2005

The 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa as a regional public culture facility is the place where it is possible to think over the roles and meanings of a museum. The urn of this research is to provide information for exploring a desirable direction of the design of a regional museum by analyzing the architectural meanings and public property of the 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa. In addition, we arranged the totes and meanings of a regional museum and the concept of the public property in architecture. We also analyzed the architectural quality and the expression of the public property in this museum, as well as the value and meaning of a museum through field researches. The results of this research are as follows. First, this museum breaks with the existing stereotyped Idea to be a space open to the citizens. It secures a wide public space and provides the convenience of access and every facility for citizens. Second, the floor plan is divided into the interchanging area for citizens and an exhibition area; the outskirts of the inside of the museum are planned to be used free of charge for an interchanging space of citizens as a public-owned space of citizens. Third, the public-owned space of citizens includes a citizen exhibition hall, an art library, a kids studio and rest space, which ate all designed lot everyone to enjoy freely. Last, the exterior shape of the museum is simple but harmonize with the surroundings. It has an unique shape showing the local identity, and its most special properties are the convenience of access, introduction of a free space inside, and security of a huge space for children and citizens.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2001

One of the major environmental issues Japanese cities is now facing with is the conservation of seminatural landscapes for the restoration of ecological integrity of urban areas. The satoyama landscape, which includes coppice woodlands, agricultural areas and rural settlements, is seen as an indispensable semi-natural landscape, formed as a result of man-nature interaction. However, because of the loss of the economic viability they are now abandoned and in the process of losing their ecological values. Today a number of local municipalities as well as NPO groups are involved in the conservation projects of these landscapes. Although satoyama landscapes are commonly believed to have maintained their character over the years, historical studies have revealed that these landscapes have experienced constant and dynamic changes due to a variation in human impacts. It is therefore understood that the conservation projects on satoyama landscapes should not intend to restore their past condition, but should wet the goal of maintaining their dynamic character by promoting ecological roles which the landscapes may play in the contemporary world. EXPO2005 project in Aichi Prefecture is a good example of a development project underway on satoyama landscapes which intend to conserve the landscapes by stimulating contemporary ecological for them. In EXPO2005 project the key issue was the conservation of semi-natural landscapes formed by constant and intensive human impacts over the centuries and thus allowing endemic and endangered species to be accommodated. The planning team proposed a scheme to restore economic viability of satoyama landscapes. The scheme involves re-introducing intensive human impacts through a new management system with an innovative technology. This may restore the economic viability of lumbers provided form satoyama woodlands. EXPO2005 is understood as a model case which stimulates contemporary ecological functions of satoyama landscapes by applying innovative planning concepts.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5974-5983
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• 2011

This paper is a study to discover the influence of American and Japanese Architecture on Building the post-war Korean Contemporary Architecture by looking through the architectural works of KIM Jongsoo and KIM Swoo-Geun. To overcome the deteriorated Korean architectural production system, these two architects chose different solutions; KIM Jongsoo developed new materials and introduced industrialized production system based on his own research, and KIM Swoo-Geun tried to develope engineering capability via Korea Engineering Consultant Corp. supported by Korean government which led Korean economic development plan. The difference of their solutions was due to their different background; fund of studying abroad, architectural education system in USA & Japan respectively and preferred solutions of personal or national dimension.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.25
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• pp.627-648
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• 2011

The study analyzed a diachronic distribution, social meanings and social evaluations of ROOJIN. 'Headline Database of Newspaper Articles' and 'Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese' by KOKKEN were used as research data. There were 305 newspaper articles (About 0.2%) which contained the word ROOJIN at 'Headline Database of Newspaper Articles'. The number of newspaper articles related to ROOJIN started to increase in a rapid rate in 1972 and 1973. They were also increased in 1976, from 1981 to 1987, 1992 and 1993. The reasons of increasing of newspaper articles related to ROOJIN on those 4 periods of time could be summarized as follows. Firstly, there was a increasement of ROOJIN who are lonely, are not able to move about freely or live alone. Secondly, the understanding of a symptom of aging called BOKE was necessary. Thirdly, there were negative evaluations in a society towards ROOJIN. There were 453 cases which contained the word ROOJIN at 'Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese' on the data since 2000. The most frequently used words were ones that are related to senior care facilities. There were 109 cases (24%) which contain those words. '~SISETSU', '~SENTA-', '~HO-MU' were presented as words related to senior care facilities. Among them, 78 cases contained the word '~HO-MU' which was similar to a home with family members. The second most frequently used words were ones that are related to 'welfare for the aged' and they are led by 'medical care for the aged'. They occupied about 8%. Institutionalization of medical care for the aged, medical expenses, nursing were presented as words related to 'medical care for the aged'. Words that were related to 'welfare for the aged' led by 'senior care facilities' and 'medical care for the aged' occupied about 32% of research data. As mentioned above, problems of the aged in Modern Japan such as negative evaluations in a society towards ROOJIN, ROOJIN who are lonely, are not able to move about freely or live alone, BOKE could be identified by analyzing the data. Also, The frequent usage of words such as 'Home for the aged', 'medical care for the aged' and 'nursing' could be identified. The outcome of analysis suggested that a family traditionally had a function of solving problems of the aged but that function was reduced in modern Japan. It also suggested that there was a tendency to outsource problems of the aged as much as possible.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.101-116
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• 2003

The word 'Neo-Modern' means the revival of modernism, specially the concept of the White Geometry of Le corbusier and Mies van de Rohe, and the Neo-Modern movement in architecture indicates the leading aspects appeared in 1990's. Modern architecture was a formalistic art movement. With its historical roots, in Europe extending back to the avant- garde modern architecture in 1920's, Neo-Modern appeared with the name of New York Five, in 1970's. In Japan, there has been an outstanding movements presenting Modernism architectural charateristics, since 1980's. The characteristics of these works can be discerned from the those of Regionalism of Historicalism in 1980's. This study is to investigate and analyze the characteristics of the works of Japanese Neo-Modern architects and to contribute to defining the word, 'Neo-Modernism'. In chapter one, the background, purpose and methode of study are presented. In chapter two, the concept and historical background of 'Neo-Modernism' are studied. In chapter three, the characteristics of Neo-Modernism are studied on the basis of the main concepts and formal characteristics of modernism and New york Five. In chapter four, the tradition of Modernism inside the history of Japanese architecture were studied, specially focused on Metabolism. In chapter five, The characteristics of Neo-modern expressions used in the 18 exhibition and cultural facilities in Japan, established after 1980, are analyzed in terms of 4 expression categories. In chapter six, a synthetic conclusion is presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.170-179
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• 2007

The present study purposed to establish a network for building an efficient disaster response system and for this purpose, we compared cases of disaster response in Japan and Korea. In Japan, disasters are responded jointly through the network of the central government, local self governing bodies and non governmental organizations. In Korea, however, the cooperative network among different areas is weak and this is aggravating damages caused by disasters. That is, in Korea, disaster response services have been mainly carried out by the public sector. The public sector can operate a powerful disaster management system using its extensive management resources, compelling power, and legal authorities. However, it was found that, due to the characteristics of contemporary society, efforts by the public sector including the central government and the local self government bodies have limitations in managing disasters effectively. Thus, for efficient disaster response in Korea, it is urgently required to establish a national disaster response network as well as a private sector cooperation system and to induce NGOs to participate in the disaster response system through institutional devices.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.197-211
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• 2017

Modernization drastically changed the cosmetic culture of Korea and Japan. A classic case that shows this is the appearance of the term 'Hyangjang (香粧)'. This paper investigated the background to the formation of the term Hyangjang (香粧), and reviewed the aspects of cosmetic culture that changed with the emergence of Hyangjangpum (香粧品), or cosmetics containing perfume. The investigation revealed that the term Hyangjang (香粧) appeared for the first time in Hirano (1899), a literature published in the Meiji period in Japan, and that the new term Hyangjang (香粧) had been formed against the background of advanced Western synthetic perfume and played an important role in contemporary techniques for the manufacture of cosmetics. The term Hyangjang (香粧) and cosmetics containing perfume, or Hyangjangpum (香粧品) were then introduced from Japan to Korea. In Korea, the term 'Hyangjang (香粧)' appeared for the first time in an advertising copy written by Hyeon Hui-un, a pioneer of the Korean modern theater movement during the period of Japanese colonial rule. At that time, cosmetic companies in Korea and Japan were releasing cosmetic products that contained perfume that stimulated a women's desire to purchase them by emphasizing 'fragrance' in their advertising. Existing public tendencies to regard a fragrant smell from a made-up face as vulgar were changing and the public perception of fragrance were also changing. The appearance of Hyangjangpum (香粧品) indicates that the existing cosmetic culture revolving around visual sense changed into a complex cosmetic culture involving olfaction. This change in culture is significant in that it heralded the direction of future development towards cosmetic culture that uses increase combinations of different senses including touch, taste, and hearing.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.38
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• pp.109-128
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• 2005

We dealt with the Wooden Shoes as a tool in the first chapter. You can doubt about the Wooden Shoes as a tool, which they were in Japan and China not Korea, strictly speaking, if they are real shoes or not. But anyway they had components of the Wooden Shoes in shape(form) or function, so it was expressed in the head part, cause of the possibility that Wooden Shoes as a tool are the previous stage of Wooden Shoes as shoes, though are not identified yet. In the second chapter, we dealt with the Wooden Shoes as shoes fundamentally. Recently, the Wooden Shoes of Shilla and Baekje were dug out each in Kyungsan-city Im-dang-dong and Buyeo-gun Neungsan-lee. Even though they were contemporary neighborhood countries, they had much differences in their forms of Wooden Shoes. While the Wooden Shoes of Baekje and the ancient Wooden Shoes of Japan are surprisingly alike. So we have tried to identify with the politic and diplomatic relation of Korea and Japan, through various literature records.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.97-122
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• 2020

This paper examines the existence of herd behaviour in fifteen (15) global stock markets, which consist of Developed Markets (Canada, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore and the United Kingdom), Advanced Emerging Markets (Brazil, Malaysia, Mexico, Poland and South Africa) and Secondary Emerging Markets (Chile, China, Indonesia, the Philippines and Russia) by using Cross Sectional Absolute Deviation (CSAD) method of Chiang and Zheng (2010). It also seeks to explore the impact of social factors such as prosperity, education, ageing society, industry orientation and gender on the existence of market-wide herding. The findings of this paper indicate that herd behaviour exists in Singapore (Developed Market), Mexico, Poland and South Africa (Advanced Emerging Markets) and China and the Philippines (Secondary Emerging Markets). No evidence of herding is observed for Canada, Hong Kong, Japan, United Kingdom, Brazil, Malaysia, Chile, Indonesia and Russia. Ageing society is also found to have significant impact on the existence of herd behaviour. Nonetheless, prosperity, education, industry orientation and gender are found to be insignificant to herding. This study sheds some light on whether social factors determine herding behaviour in the 15 selected stock markets.