• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국터널공학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.131-141
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• 2005

Korea shotcrete technology has been developed by constructing underground space, roads and rails for expanding Social Overhead Capital. To late, importance of shotcrete is raised due to the efforts for semi-permanent use of underground structure and a long term safety. Shotcrete testing method and quality criterion have been developed continusously in abroad, but there are no standard and quality criterion of shotcrete in Korea. International quality criterion has been used to domestic conditions, so various problems are occurred in construction field, material, mixture, equipment, and so on. In this study, to establish standard of domestic shotcrete, both criteria and quality of shotcrete were investigated and opinion poll was performed in the construction field. Indoor and field test were performed to investigate appliance possibility of high-performance shotcrete.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2011

본 연구는 공공시설공사에서 VE의 코스트모델과 공사현장의 진도관리, 그리고 공사비 분쟁에서 공간정보의 부재로 인한 공종별 공사비 내역 정보의 한계를 인식하고, 이를 극복하기 위하여 공사비의 인식체계를 공간단위로 전환하는 개선 방안의 하나로 제안하는 건축물 세부공간단위의 공사비 원가계산방법에 관한 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 제시한 공간단위의 공사원가 산정 시스템은 공사비를 구성하는 모든 공간 단위에서, 모든 공종, 공종을 구성하는 모든 자재, 노무 및 모든 비용 항목에 대한 정밀하고도 다차원적인 파악이 가능하게 하는 것이다.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2007년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.943-946
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• 2007

최근 가변성능에 관하여 공간, 재료, 구조, 공법 등 건설 산업 전반에 걸쳐 많은 연구가 진행 중이다. 시대적인 주거환경 변화, 미래지향적인 건설 트랜드 변모 그리고 수요중심적인 인식을 만족하기 위해서 주택의 모습과 공간, 형식이 진화되어가고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 가변성을 지니고 있는 건축의 성능요소들을 비교 분석하여 대안을 제시하고자 하며, 적용 가능한 다양한 분류예시를 통하여 실제적인 차세대 장수명화를 실현시키기 위한 방향과 지침을 제시하고자한다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.197-198
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• 2017

Large spatial construction needs to consider various construction management factors through the construction guide, including high-tech roofing works for creating large space without columns and erecting large spatial structure. However, the domestic large spatial construction relies on overseas construction technologies due to the lack of construction guide of large spatial construction and experience in similar type of project. To improve the problem, we deduced principal items of construction management considering characteristics of large spatial construction as a preliminary study for developing a construction guide.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2007

The subway lines have been expanded to solve the traffic problems in Korean cities, so that a big number of people daily use the subway stations. Therefore, subway stations became a kind of public space as well as traffic space. However, the underground space of the stations are essentially different with the aboveground space in terms of environmental and psychological terms. The color planning can be used to reduce the environmental and psychological disadvantages of underground spaces of subway stations. The purpose of this study is to understand the current design methods of subway stations' color planning. To achieve this purpose, this study investigates all reports of 'Color Planning for the Subway' which were used for the construction of subway lines in 6(six) Korean cities. After analyzing the design theories and methods used for the color planning, field studies have been done upon 10 subway lines of 6 cities, to find out the limitations of color planning, the differences between color planning and actual results. The conclusions are as follows : First, the color planning for subway stations does not seem to consider the characteristics of underground space and its psychological effects, such as the depth of station, the lighting source and methods. Second, some critical differences have been found between the color planning and the actual application during construction, due to arbitrary interpretation and limitations of color expression of the construction materials. Third, and therefore, the colors applied in stations do not perform their planned role such as 'variety in the unity', 'symbolic expression of the city and station'.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.267-281
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 흙막이벽과 같은 수직굴착과 터널과 같은 지하공간의 연속적인 굴착에 따른 지반 거동과 토압 변화를 실험적으로 연구하였다. 굴착 단계별로 벽체 거동, 토압 변화, 그리고 지표 침하의 측정이 가능한 길이 160cm, 높이 120cm의 모형 토조를 제작하였다. 실험은 균일하게 조성된 사질토 지반에서 벽체에 임의의 변위를 가하고, 토압 변화와 지표 침하를 확인하는 방식으로 수행하였다. 모형실험은 흙막이벽과 지하공간의 연속적인 시공을 모사하기 위하여 흙막이벽 굴착을 모사하는 우측벽체 10개 및 지하공간 굴착을 모사하는 하부벽체 5개를 순서대로 거동시켜 모사하였다. 실험 결과, 벽체의 주동변위로 감소된 토압이 주변 벽체로 분담되는 아칭현상이 모든 벽체에서 발생함을 확인하였다. 연속되는 시공을 모사한 실험에서 phase마다 아칭현상을 확인할 수 있으나, 하부1단 벽체의 거동 시, 우측10단 벽체는 다른 경우와 달리 토압이 50%정도만 회복됨을 보였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.388-397
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• 2018

현대도시의 끊임없는 확장과 갱신에 따라 고성구(古城區)는 역사문화공간으로써 현대 도시확장으로 인해 받는 타격도 점점 커져갔다. 현재 고성구에 대한 재생보호는 좋은 효과를 거둔 것도 있으며 효과가 별로 좋지 않은 것도 있다. 본문은 이 배경에서 출발하여 '공간실천', '공간재현', '재현공간'을 프레임으로 3개의 재생 고성구 공간생산에서의 권한운영을 밝히고 이해관계자들이 공간조성에 끼치는 영향을 지적하며 재생방식의 구성분석을 진행할 것이다. 구체적인 물질, 사회, 권력, 문화의 각도에서 오진 고성구 재생구축의 방법을 분석하고, 고성구가 어떻게 재생보호를 진행할지에 대해 새로운 방법과 참고를 제공할 것이다. 고성구와 마을 등 역사문화지역 재생문제의 연구와 분석에 따라 정부는 명확하게 소유권문제와 계획자, 관리자를 지정해야 하며 지역문화와 현대문화의 융합을 추진해야 한다는 것을 알게 되었다. 전체적인 공간의 사람과 문화, 건축은 서로 상호작용을 하여 고성구의 영향력을 높여야 한다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to clarify the components for the improvement of outdoor spaces in farmyards and to suggest guidelines for the planning of these spaces. The objects of this study were the general farmyards located around farmhouses which had government support for the construction of on-site gardens. The results were as follows: 1. Although over 50% of the general farmyards did not have gardens, most gardens of farmyards (90% and over) featured trees and/or flowers. This demonstrated that the residents of the farmyards thought positively about green spaces. 2. With the establishment of a garden, the self-image of the household improved along with the physical environment. Thus, the construction of the garden brought about psychologically and physically positive results. 3. Regarding the degree of satisfaction with green space and shade, the rate of farmyards with gardens was higher than those without. With more government support for developing such green spaces, satisfaction with them could increase. The same result was obtained regarding the degree of satisfaction towards visual harmony with nearby farmyards, indicating that neighboring farm households want to have positive relationships with one another. 4. The frequency of use of living space increased through the construction of gardens in farmyards, in spite of decreased working space. %is aspect could be used as data in the planning of gardens in farmyards. 5. The perceived necessity of gardens in the general farmyards and desire to construct new gardens rose. This preference was high in gardens with abundant greenery and a lot of rest facilities. This study suggests those reasons result from a poor farm economy. With government support, general farmyards without gardens could construct gardens. And we might infer that the residents' desire to construct a garden in general famyards had been influenced by a neighbor with a garden.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.541-550
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• 1994

True Color 영상은 전송 및 저장에 많은 데이터 량이 필요하지만, 적은 데이터를 가지고 컬러 모니터에 나타낼 때 인간 시각에 별무리없이 나타내고자 한다. 본 논문 에서는 RGB, YIQ/YUV 공간에서 256개의 컬러맵 생성 방법과 서로 다른 컬러맵을 한 화면에 동시에 표시하면 원 컬러 영상과 다르게 나타나므로 컬러맵간을 결합하여 공 통되는 컬러맵 표현 방법을 제시한다. RGB, YIQ/YUV 공간상에서 처리된 결과를 비교하 기 위해 PSNR, 표준편차, Sobel연산자를 이용한 에지보존율로서 측정하였다. 처리시간 은 새로운 컬러맵 생성은 3초, 컬러맵간의 결합은 2초 소요되었다. PSNR 값은 RGB 공 간이 YIQ 공간과 YUV 공간보다 평균적으로 0.15, 0.34［dB］ 정도 높고, 표준편차는 평균적으로 0.15, 0.41정도 낮았다. 그러나 데이타 압축 면에서 YIQ/YUV공간은 색상 부분에서 8비트중 4비트만을 사용하였기 때문에, RGB 공간보다 1/3정도 압축 효율을 나타낸다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.66-77
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is on identifying real condition of naturalized plants in urban green space. For this, Chollabak-do region was selected for case study. The occurring frequency and distribution status was investigated by field survey. The area of green open space, level of management and passed years after construction etc, were analized to identify the influence on occurrence of naturalized plants. The result is as follows: 1. In 18 sites, 145 taxa as weed species including naturalized plants were occurred. Average No. of occurring taxa is 22.7. Two families of plants, Graminae and compositae charged the most part. Also the rate of naturalized plant among them is 29.7%. 2. Naturalized species showing high occurring rate are 14 taxa of compositae, 5 taxa of Gramineae, Leguminosae and 4 taxa of cruciferae. These plants of previous four somatic polymorphism among all the naturalized plants. 3. The taxa number of naturalized plants were reducedby intensive management. But the rate of naturalized plants in extensively managed area was relatively lower than intensively managed one. Naturalizd plants were widely distributed in most of urban green space with being cognitioned as whole weed. 4. In origin of naturalized plants, the taxa from north America were 16 and the taxa from Europe were 16. Therefore the rate originated from north America and Europe charged high part as 68.2%. The rate of Annual, Biennial and Perennial were each 78.7%, 21.3%. The alternative of management for control aganist disturbance by Annual & Biennial required. 5. Multi-relations analysis shows 0.81 which is the relatively high interralation between the number of emerged axa and that of naturalized ones. 6. The number of naturalized species has no relation to the lapse of years after construction of open-space. Especially it was identified that weed control in the beginning of construction is very important. On the other hand the relation between Ys and Xp was Ys=1.784Xp+4.646.