• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.499-508
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• 2022

A lot of research has been carried out on the Hangeul generation model using deep learning, and recently, research is being carried out how to minimize the number of characters input to generate one set of Hangul (Few-Shot Learning). In this paper, we propose a CKFont2 model using only 14 letters by analyzing and improving the CKFont (hereafter CKFont1) model using 28 letters. The CKFont2 model improves the performance of the CKFont1 model as a model that generates all Hangul using only 14 characters including 24 components (14 consonants and 10 vowels), where the CKFont1 model generates all Hangul by extracting 51 Hangul components from 28 characters. It uses the minimum number of characters for currently known models. From the basic consonants/vowels of Hangul, 27 components such as 5 double consonants, 11/11 compound consonants/vowels respectively are learned by deep learning and generated, and the generated 27 components are combined with 24 basic consonants/vowels. All Hangul characters are automatically generated from the combined 51 components. The superiority of the performance was verified by comparative analysis with results of the zi2zi, CKFont1, and MX-Font model. It is an efficient and effective model that has a simple structure and saves time and resources, and can be extended to Chinese, Thai, and Japanese.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1994.02a
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• pp.99-112
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• 1994

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.258-267
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• 1996

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.23-28
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• 1978

This paper describes a speech recognition system for ten isolated spoken digits. In this system, acoustic parameters such as zero crossing rate, log energy and three formant frequencies estimated by linear prediction method were extracted for classification and/or recognition purpose(s). The former two parameters were used for the classification of unvoiced consonants and the latter one for the recognition of vowels and voiced consonants. Promising recognition results were obtained in this experiment for ten digit utterances spoken by a male speaker.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.351-354
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• 1999

본고는 현대 러시아어 이중자음1의 장단 발음 경향을 연구하는 과정에서 채택된 실험음성학적 방법론을 상술하는 것을 목적으로 하며, 자연 발화에서의 자음의 상대적 길이를 설정하는 문제와, 그 상대적 길이를 고려하여 자음의 장단을 결정하는 문제를 다룬다. 자음의 상대적 길이는 해당 이중자음과 그 자음을 둘러싼 모음 전체의 길이에 대한 해당 자음의 길이의 비율을 백분율로 환산한 것으로 설정한다. 그 상대적 길이의 관점에서 자음의 장단 결정을 위한 기준을 마련하기 위하여 러시아어 자음의 장단 인지에 관한 실험을 실시하였으며, 그 결과 이중자음의 장단음 구별 불가 구간을 설정하였고, 그것을 자음의 장단 결정에서 기준으로 사용하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10b
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• pp.76-80
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• 1993

In this paper we discuss optimization of neural network parameters, such as inclination of the sigmoid function, the numbers of the input layer's units and the hidden layer's units, considering application to recognition of hand written Hangul. Hangul characters are composed of vowels and consonants, and basically classified to six patterns by their positions. Using these characteristics of Hangul, the pattern of a given character is determined by its peripheral distribution and the other features. After then, the vowels and the consonants are recognized by the optimized neural network. The constructed recognition system including a neural network is applied to non-learning Hangul written by some Korean people, which are the names randomly taken from Korean spiritual and cultural research institute.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.23-36
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• 2004

Many languages show reverse durational variation between preceding vowel and following voiced/voiceless (lax/tense) consonants. This study investigated the likely effects of phoneme type (tense vs. lax) on the timing structure (duration of syllable, word, phrase and sentence) of Korean. Three rates of speech (fast, normal, slow) applied to stimuli with the target word /a-Ca/ where /C/ is one of /p, p', $p^h$/. The type (tense/lax) of /C/ caused marked inverse durational variations in the two syllables /a/ and /Ca/ and highly different durational ratios between them. Words with /p', $p^h$/ were significantly longer than that with /p/, which contrasts with many other languages where such pairs of words have a similar duration. The differentials between words remained up to the phrase and sentence level, but in general the higher linguistic units did not statistically differ within each level. Thus, the phrase is suggested as a compensatory unit of phoneme type effects in Korean. Different rates did not affect the general tendency. Distribution of time variations (from normal to fast and slow) to each syllable (/a/ and /Ca/) was also observed.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.9-14
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• 2016

This study investigated the patterns of coda deletion in spontaneous Seoul Korean speech. More specifically, the current study focused on three factors in promoting coda deletion, namely, word position, consonant type, and morpheme type. The results revealed that, first, coda deletion frequently occurred when affixes were attached to the ends of words, rather than in affixes in word-internal positions or in roots. Second, alveolar consonants [n] and [l] in the coda positions of high-frequency affixes [nɨn] and [lɨl] were most likely to be deleted. Additionally, regarding affix reduction in the word-final position, all subjects seemed to depend on this articulatory strategy to a similar degree. In sum, the current study found that affixes without primary semantic content in spontaneous speech tend to undergo the process of reduction, favoring the occurrence of specific pronunciation variants.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.257-261
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• 2006

In this paper, learning oriented puzzle game which based on combination of consonant and vowel of Korean alphabet is implemented. Firstly, consonants and vowels of Korean alphabet are classified separately, and then reconstructed a word in real time. Word combinator is utilized by API based edit window and, in order to effective retrieve, initial combined syllable consonant based method is involved. Implemented Korean puzzle game can be used for improving the words learning capability for children.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.70-77
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• 1989

In this paper, Korean language recognition using the phoneme is studied. The experiment is carried out by dividing 545 isolated words into phonemes. Using linear prediction coefficients the recognition rate of consonants, vowels, and end-consonants are $87.3(\%), 91.0(\%), 91.7(\%)$, respectively. Recognition rate of isolated words combined with the phonemes is $71.4(\%)$. Itakura-saito distortion measure is used to phoneme segmentation and phoneme recognition.