• 펄프종이기술
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate sheet properties of Indian mallow hanji, made by different pulping methods such as alkali and sulfomethylated pulpings, and different stock compositions, various mixing ratios of bast fiber and woody core fibers. Effect of morphological properties of pulp stocks on the sheet formation and their optical properties were also evaluated using an image analyzer and confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM). In addition, the effect of fiber distribution index(FDI), which was calculated based on the image in a z-direction of a sheet from CLSM, on the sheet properties of Indian mallow hanji was discussed. The proposed FDI had a good correlation with various properties of paper, such as apparent density, opacity, tear index, breaking length and zero-span tensile strength. Especially, sulfomethylated pulp sheets＇FDI was higher than alkali pulp sheets.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.6-13
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• 2016

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has been considered an effective technique to investigate chemical properties of the specimens, especially of biological samples. Despite of this advantageous trait, researchers in this field have had difficulties applying FLIM to their systems because acquiring an image using FLIM consumes too much time. Although analog mean-delay (AMD) method was introduced to enhance the imaging speed of commonly used FLIM based on time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC), a real-time image reconstruction using AMD method has not been implemented due to its data processing obstacles. In this paper, we introduce a real-time image restoration of AMD-FLIM through fast parallel data processing by using Threading Building Blocks (TBB; Intel) and octa-core processor (i7-5960x; Intel). Frame rate of 3.8 frames per second was achieved in $1,024{\times}1,024$ resolution with over 4 million lifetime determinations per second and measurement error within 10%. This image acquisition speed is 184 times faster than that of single-channel TCSPC and 9.2 times faster than that of 8-channel TCSPC (state-of-art photon counting rate of 80 million counts per second) with the same lifetime accuracy of 10% and the same pixel resolution.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2016

생물정보학분야에서 현미경을 통해 얻은 세포 영상은 생물학적 정보를 얻기 위한 중요한 지표이다. 연구자들은 영상을 육안으로 분석하기 때문에 분석에 많은 시간과 고도의 집중력이 요구된다. 게다가 연구자의 주관적 관점이 분석에 개입되어 결과를 객관적으로 정량화하는데 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 OpenCV 라이브러리를 이용하여 세포의 자동 분석을 위한 HCS(High Content Screen) 알고리즘을 개발하였다. HCS 알고리즘은 이미지 전처리 과정, 세포 계수, 세포 주기와 분열지수 분석 기능을 포함한다. 본 연구에서는 공초점 레이저 현미경을 통해 얻은 위암세포(MKN-28) 영상을 분석에 사용하였으며, 성능 평가를 위해 세포영상 분석 프로그램인 ImageJ와 전문 연구원의 세포 계수 분석결과를 비교하였다. 실험 결과 HCS 알고리즘의 평균 정확성이 99.7%로 나타났다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2005

미분간섭현미경법과 아크리딘-오렌지(acridine-orange) 형광 염색을 이용하여 쥐 혈관 내의 실 모양 구조물을 관찰하였다. 공초점현미경법과 헤마톡실린-에오신(hematoxylin-eosin) 염색을 통해 피브린, 모세혈관, 소정맥, 소동맥 혹은 림프관의 핵 분포와 뚜렷이 구별되는 혈관 내 실 모양 구조물의 핵 분포 패턴을 얻어낼 수 있었다. 이 실 모양 구조물의 생리적 기능을 침술과 연관하여 논의하였다. 특히, 이 실 모양 관을 통한 약물의 흐름이 약침의 기전에 해당할 것이라는 가설을 제기하였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.922-928
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 볼륨데이타에서의 레이블링(labeling)을 위한 알고리즘을 제안하고자한다. 3차원 볼륨은 2차원 슬라이스 데이타의 연속으로 보고 각 슬라이스의 레이블링 정보를 바탕으로 하는 SIL(Slice Information based Labeling)방법을 제안한다. 이는 기존의 알고리즘에 비해 효율적인 메모리 사용이 가능하고 분석하고자 하는 데이타의 특성에 맞는 2차원 레이블링과의 조합이 가능한 장점이 있다. 기존 알고리즘과 제안하는 방법을 3차원 세포영상에서 비교하여 보았으며, SIL을 2차원 레이블링 CCCL(Contour based Connected Component Labeling)과 함께 볼륨데이타에 적용하여 본 결과 기존의 알고리즘 보다 약 2배 빠른 성능을 보였다. 다양한 3차원 레이블링 방법 중 적용되는 영상에 따라 각기 다른 결과를 얻었지만, 3차원 세포영상의 분석에서는 SIL 방법이 우수하다는 결론을 얻었다.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.550-564
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• 2022

Optical microscopy is a useful tool for study in the biological sciences. With an optical microscope, we can observe the micro world of life such as tissues, cells, and proteins. A fluorescent dye or a fluorescent protein provides an opportunity to mark a specific target in the crowd of biological samples, so that an image of a specific target can be observed by an optical microscope. The optical microscope, however, is constrained in resolution due to diffraction limit. Super-resolution microscopy made a breakthrough with this diffraction limit. Using a super-resolution microscope, many biomolecules are observed beyond the diffraction limit in cells. In the case of volumetric imaging, the super-resolution techniques are only applied to a limited area due to long imaging time, multiple scattering of photons, and sample-induced aberration in deep tissue. In this article, we review recent advances in super-resolution microscopy for volumetric imaging. The super-resolution techniques have been integrated with various modalities, such as a line-scan confocal microscope, a spinning disk confocal microscope, a light sheet microscope, and point spread function engineering. Super-resolution microscopy combined with adaptive optics by compensating for wave distortions is a promising method for deep tissue imaging and biomedical applications.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.21.1-21.11
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the bonding effects of cleaning protocols on dentin impregnated with endodontic sealer residues using ethanol (E) or xylol (X). The effects of dentin acid etching immediately (I) or 7 days (P) after cleaning were also evaluated. For bonding to dentin, universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal; 3M ESPE) was used. The persistence of sealer residues, hybrid layer formation and microshear bond strength were the performed analysis. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty bovine dentin specimens were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10): G1 (E+I); G2 (X+I); G3 (E+P); and G4 (X+P). The persistence of sealer residues was evaluated by SEM. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images were taken to measure the formed hybrid layer using the Image J program. For microshear bond strength, 4 resin composite cylinders were placed over the dentin after the cleaning protocols. ANOVA followed by Tukey test and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn test were used for parametric and non-parametric data, respectively (α = 5%). Results: G2 and G4 groups showed a lower persistence of residues (p < 0.05) and thicker hybrid layer than the other groups (p < 0.05). No bond strength differences among all groups were observed (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Dentin cleaning using xylol, regardless of the time-point of acid etching, provided lower persistence of residues over the surface and thicker hybrid layer. However, the bond strength of the universal adhesive system in etch-and-rinse strategy was not influenced by the cleaning protocols or time-point of acid etching.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.577-580
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• 2005

Surface quality of a micro-processed sample with laser has been investigated by using of scanning confocal microscope(SCM) and atomic force microscope(AFM). Samples are bump electrodes and ITO glass of LCD module used in a mobile phone and a wafer surface scribed by UV laser. A image of $140\times120{\mu}m^2$ is obtained within 1 second by SCM because scan speed of a x-axis and y-axis are 1kHz and 1Hz, respectively. AFM is able to measure correctly hight and width of ITO and scribing depth and width of a wafer with a resolution less than 300 . However, the scan speed is slow and it is difficult to distinguish a surface composed of different nm kinds of materials. Results show that SCM is preferable to obtain a image of a sample composed of different kinds of material than AFM because the intensity of a reflected light from surface is different from each material.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2006

Surface qualities of a micro-processed sample with a pulse laser have been investigated by making use of scanning confocal microscope(SCM) and atomic force microscope(AFM). Samples are bump electrodes and ITO glass of LCD module used in a mobile phone and a wafer surface scribed by UV laser. A image of $140{\times}120{\mu}m^2$ is obtained within 1 second by SCM because scan speed of a x-axis and y-axis are 1kHz and 1Hz, respectively. AFM is able to correctly measure the hight and width of ITO, and scribing depth and width of a wafer with a resolution less than 300nm. However, the scan speed is slow and it is difficult to distinguish a surface composed of different kinds of materials. Results show that SCM is preferable to obtain a image of a sample composed of different kinds of material than AFM because the intensity of a reflected light from the surface is different for each material.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.14-18
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• 2011

The diagnosis and treatment of early gastrointestinal cancers is the gastroenterologists' mission because of national cancer screening program in South Korea. The detection of early cancers is emphasized, because these were previously treated with surgical treatment can be currently cured with endoscopic treatment. Gastroenterologists who achieved at least on some level can make an exact diagnosis regardless of what type of endoscopy, but generally, there are some required conditions for an optimal diagnosis. First, clinically important lesions have to be detected easily. Second, the border and morphology of lesions have to be characterized easily. Third, lesions have to be diagnosed exactly. Precancers and early cancers are often subtle and can pose a challenge to gastroenterologists to visualize using standard white light endoscopy. The use of dye solutions aids the diagnosis of early gastrointestinal cancers, however, it is a quite cumbersome to use dye solutions all the time and the solution often bothers the exact observation by pooling into the depression or ulceration of the lesion. To overcome this weakness, newer endoscopes are now developed so called "image enhanced endoscopy" using optical and/or electronic methods such as narrow band imaging (NBI), autofluorescence imaging (AFI), i-scan, flexible spectral imaging color enhancement (FICE) and confocal endomicroscopy (CLE).