• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.184-191
• /
• 2014

Air quality in a subway tunnel has been crucial in most of the subway environments where IAQ could be affected by many factors such as the number of passengers, the amount and types of ventilation, train operation factors and other facilities. A modeling approach has been introduced to manage the general IAQ in a subway station. Field surveys and $CO_2$ measurements were initially conducted to analyze and understand the relationship between indoor and outdoor air quality while considering internal pollution sources, such as passengers and subway trains, etc. The measurement data were then employed for the model development with other statistical information. For the model development, the algorithm of simple continuity was set up and applied to model the subway IAQ concerned, while considering the major air transport through staircases and tunnels. Monitored $CO_2$ concentration on the concourse and platform were correlated with modeling results where the correlation values for the concourse and platform were $R^2=0.96$ and $R^2=0.75$, respectively. It implies that the box modeling approach introduced in this study would be beneficial to predict and control the indoor air quality in subway environments.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.275-282
• /
• 2019

공항의 여객터미널은 안내방송과 배경음악, 긴급안내등이 24시간 이루어지는 곳이기 때문에 명료한 음성의 전달이 매우 중요하다. 인천국제공항은 연 4천500만명 이상의 여객을 처리하는 가장 큰 공항으로서 2001년부터 운영되고 있다. 인천국제공항에는 제1여객터미널, 탑승동, 제2여객터미널 등 3개의 터미널이 있으며, 현재 제 2여객터미널의 확장공사가 2020년까지 진행되고 있다. 본 논문은 인천국제공항내의 모든 여객터미널의 설계시 적용된 건축음향과 전기음향설계의 기본원칙을 설명하였다. 특히, 대규모 체적을 보유한 출발홀과 중앙홀, 교통센터등의 음향성능을 분석하였다. 연구결과로서, 공항의 대형공간에 대한 음향설계 기준을 제시하였으며, 터미널 천정의 설계와 천정의 흡음에 대한 방안을 제시하고, 더불어서, 전기음향설계의 원칙에 대한 방안을 제안하였다.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.56-61
• /
• 2002

In this paper we describe an approach to coordinating the motion of a human with a mobile robot moving in a populated, continuously changing. natural environment. Our test application is a wheelchair accompanying a person through the concourse of a railway station moving side by side with the person. Our approach is based on a method for motion planning amongst moving obstacles known as Velocity Obstacle approach. We extend this method by a method for tracking a virtual target which allows us to vary the robot's heading and velocity with the locomotion of the accompanied person and the state of the surrounding environment.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.107-118
• /
• 2020

Purpose: Nursing students are key personnel to take care of people with dementia in the nursing field in future. The purpose of this study was to identify subjective attitudes toward dementia in nursing students. Methods: Q methodology, which is a research method to study people's subjective points of views, was used. Thirty seven Q-statements (Q-sample) were derived from the Q population (Concourse) and were arranged in rank order by each of 42 participants into a normal distribution grid (from -4 to +4). A QUANL program was used to analyze the collected data. Results: Three types of attitudes toward dementia were identified: 'self-guided dementia management', 'national-guided dementia management' and 'facility-guided dementia management.' Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that nursing strategies to improve understanding of dementia and actively cope with dementia should be considered.

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.38-44
• /
• 1999

Subway is one of the most important transportation and its facilities are increased by the drift of population to cities in these days. But heat generation results from lighting, human and traffic increase in subway, half-closed space, gives uncomfortable sense to the subway passengers. Therefore, natural ventilation by piston effect is done to relieve uncomfortable sense. But train wind by piston effect gives uncomfortable sense to the subway passengers, too. So the numerical calculation of inflow and outflow amounts is important to predict thermal environment and reduce train wind. In case of actual survey of train wind in target station, the amount of train wind are about $3100m^3/train$ at the minimum, about $6000m^3/train$ at the maximum, about $4200m^3/train$ on average. When comparison between simulation for train wind prediction and actual survey for accuracy was done train wind prediction program showed similar results.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집(III)
• /
• pp.389-394
• /
• 2003

Subway has been used one of major public transportations because of overpopulation and heavy traffic problems in the metropolitan areas. So, the air pollution has been serious. In this study, continuous date of PM-10 (particles with aerodynamic diameter < $10{\mu}m$) and heavy metal concentration measurements for winter, spring and summer. These measurements have been carried out in the outdoor, concourse, platform, tunnel. The study results showed that the average seasonally concentration of PM-10 particles were $141.57{\mu}g/m^3$ in winter. $129.34{\mu}g/m^3$ in spring and $122.73{\mu}g/m^3$. The average concentration of PM-l0 particles at indoor higher than outdoor. The concentration of Fe, Cu, showed the largest peak concentrations during the respective season.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.555-560
• /
• 2002

Subway has been used one of major public transportations because of overpopulation and heavy traffic problems in the metropolitan areas. In this study, continuous date of PM-10(particles with aerodynamic diameter < 10$\mu\textrm{m}$) and heavy metal concentration measurements for autumn and winter period were analysed. These measurements have been carried out at the outdoor, concourse, platform, tunnel. The study results showed that the average seasonal concentration of PM-10 particles were 181.01$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ in autumn and 129.03$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ in winter, respectively. The concentration of Fe, Cu showed the largest peak concentrations during the respective season.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국실내디자인학회 2005년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.115-118
• /
• 2005

Korea has experienced many changes since modern hospitals started to be built. Among these changes, interest in 'Promotion of Curing environment', which is the most fundamental one of the hospital functions, has increased more and more. The lobby makes the first impression of a medical building and that is an important function. Recently, the lobby became highly valued not only as a waiting area or a pathway only but as a cultural area. The lobby is considered simply as a complex and busy area because it plays an important role in the building' communications and access systems and has various uses and functions. Based on the concept of curing environment, the lobby can be planned as a facility combining culture and medical functions by applying multi therapy.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.409-415
• /
• 2018

Recently, many countries around the world began to show interest in safety against terrorism, fire, and natural disasters. This study aimed to propose a quantitative measurement system for emergency evacuation and safety for various kinds of terrorism and fire within high-rise multi-purpose facilities, which can measure the pedestrians' ordinary walking patterns in the concourse with the highest pedestrian volume out of all the spaces within multi-story buildings, predict pedestrians' evacuation walking lines when a sudden disaster breaks out, and analyze the gait coefficient, occupant density, and evacuation behavior time.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.588-595
• /
• 2006

본 연구는 서울지역 지하철역 실내 공기 중 라돈분포를 조사하여 그 발생원을 추적 확인하기 위하여 수행되었다. 1998년부터 2004년까지 232개 역사를 대상으로 알파비적검출기를 사용하여 실내 공기 중 장기라돈을 측정하였으며 지하수중 라돈농도는 알파입자계수법에 의하여 측정하였다. 라돈의 주 발생원을 추적하기 위하여 8개 역사를 선정하여 각 역사의 승강장과 인접터널에 대한 공기 중 라돈농도를 조사하였다. 전체역사에 대한 라돈농도 분석결과 기하평균 및 산술평균은 각각 $1.40{\pm}1.94pCi/L,\;1.65{\pm}1.07$였으며, 승강장과 매표소의 기하평균은 각각 $1.54{\pm}1.96pCi/L,\;1.23{\pm}1.88pCi/L$로 승강장에서의 라돈농도가 매표소의 농도보다 더 높게 나타났다. 지질구조와 지하역사의 라돈분포는 밀접한 상관성을 보였으며 터널내부와 지하수중의 라돈농도는 역사 승강장의 라돈농도에 크게 영향을 미치고 있었다. 또한 역사의 승강장이 위치하고 있는 깊이 정도에 따라 라돈농도의 차이를 보였다(p<0.05).