• Animal cells and systems
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.327-333
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• 2002

Among the silk glands in the black widow spider Latrodectus mactans, the ampullate one is the most predominant gland in both sexes, and is com-posed of three functional parts - excretory duct, storage ampulla and convoluted tail regions. This experiment was performed using mechanical pulling stimulation with electric motor equipment to reveal a correlation between silk usage and silk producing system in this poisonous spider. The mature secretory products in glandular epithelium are closely packed and appear as electron-opaque spherical vesicles. A part of the vesicles with fine fibrillar paracrystalline texture seems to store some proteins which will function at the time of final assembly into fibrils. Most of the secretory silk products which originated from the rough endoplasmic reticula of the glandular epithelial cells are grown by fusion with surrounding small vesi-cles. However, the Golgi complex does not seem to play an important role in this process of secretion. According to progressive maturation of secre-tory silk product, these granules are progressively filled with a fine fibrillar material, and thus appear much more electron-dense than those of earlier states. When the secretory product is extruded from the glandular cavity, the epithelium is rapidly changed to a thinner layer of tall columnar cells with less definitive cell membranes. After extruding there ave a few secre-tory droplets within these cells, thus causing this region to stain much lighter.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2008

An end-of-life strategy is concerned with how to disassemble a product and what to do with each of the resultingdisassembled parts. A sound understanding of the end-of-life strategy at the early design stage could improve theease of disassembly and recycling in an efficient and effective manner. Therefore, the end-of-life decisionmaking for environmental conscious design has become a great concern to product manufacturers.We introduce a novel concept ofeco-architecture which represents a scheme by which the physical componentsare allocated to end-of-life modules. An end-of-life module is a physical chunk of connected components or afeasible subassembly which can be simultaneously processed by the same end-of-life option without furtherdisassembly. In this paper, a method for analyzing the eco-architecture of a product at the configuration designstage is proposed. It produces an optimal eco-architecture under the given environmental regulations. To dealwith the case ofa complex product, the method is extended for analyzing hierarchical eco-architecture.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.191-198
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• 2007

The ultrastructure of germ cells and follicle cells during oogenesis, oocyte degeneration, reproductive cycle, and first sexual maturity in female Cyclina sinensis were investigated for clams collected from Simpo, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, by cytological and histological observations. Vitellogenesis occured by way of endogeous autosynthesis and exogenous heterosynthesis: vitellogensis occurred through a process of autosynthesis, which involves a combined activities of the Golgi complex, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The process of heterosynthesis involved endocytotic incorporation of extraovarian precursors into the basal region of the early vitellogenic oocytes prior to the formation of vitelline envelope. The follicle cells appear to play an integral role in vitellogenesis and oocyte degeneration, functioning in phagocytosis and digestion of products originating from the degenerated oocytes: these functions can permit the transfer of yolk precursors needed for vitellogenesis. Follicle cells might have a lysosomal system for breakdown and might also resorb phagosomes in the cytoplasm for nutrient storage during oocyte degeneration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.74-77
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• 2003

A new health paradigm may be evolving that would place emphasis on the positive aspects of diet, identifying components that are physiologically active and that contribute to the prevention of disease onset. It has been increasingly difficult to evaluate the impact of new bioactive materials and food products on the well being of society. Thus, testing systems for both health function and toxicity have become very elaborate, complex, and interrelated, making their interpretation difficult and open to controversy. To select the proper starting materials, to screen the appropriate health functionality and to determine the efficacy of product, a reliable, reproducible, sensitive and predictive assay is required. Particularly, in uitro assay is the first stage in preclinical test on physiologically active materials and have many advantages in terms of time, cost and convenience. However, several factors as well as some limitations should be considered in this assay system. This presentation, therefore, will address the use of in uitro assays for evaluating physiological functionality of foods coupled with general consideration.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.411-422
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• 2013

Polymers in cosmetics are used to deliver desired attributes to skin and hair. Precisely constructed block and graft copolymers widen the range of available mechanical properties and compatibilities. Stimuli responsive hydrophobic polymers can be triggered to become hydrophilic by changes in their environment and this can confer waterproof properties at low temperature and easy water removal at higher temperatures. Transfer-resistant cosmetics can be possible due to silicone resins. The control of rheology properties in cosmetics gradually continue to be easy with copolymers. Durability of colors and fragrances for rinse-off products can be enhanced by delivery systems from complex coacervates. Polymeric anti-microbials promise product preservation while minimizing the concern of skin permeation. This article reviews recent trends in the use of polymers in cosmetics.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2006

To survive in the current shipbuilding industry it is of vital importance for shipyards to achieve an optimal utilization of resources, make an achievable planning and ensure that this planning is kept. Possible problems should be eliminated before production starts and if unexpected disturbances occur in the actual production the right measures should be taken. Due to the dynamic nature of the production process, the continuous variation in products and the complexity of both, all this can hardly be achieved with conventional static planning and analysis systems. Simulation provides a solution here, since this enables the modelling and evaluation of the dynamic relations between product and production process. After a global introduction to production simulation in general and the application of simulation at the Flensburger shipyard, this paper presents a tool that has been developed to simulate the various complex assembly processes taking place at shipyards. Subsequently the simulation model for the subassembly production at Flensburger, in which this tool is applied, will be discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.23 no.55
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• pp.107-116
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• 2000

Electronic Commerce is purchasing or sales a products and services to customers using computer network. It is different to traditional commerce. Also, It divide into business to business commerce and business to customer commerce. Cyber Shopping Mall is a representative type of business to customer commerce. The interest and demand of national business to customer commerce is explosively increasing with industry. It expect to reach 61 billion won in the 2000. Thus Structure of Cyber Shopping Mall is the more complex and the more vary types. It is the problem that change of established Cyber Shopping Mall structure is very difficult. The purpose of this study Is designed to Cyber Shopping Mall Purchase Process that deal with quickly changable internet environment and meet the needs of customers immediately using UML(Unified Modeling Language) in design phase determinant of Cyber Shopping Mal1 structure. Cyber Shopping Mall Purchase Process is designed to have objective-oriented development methodology's advantage. It has a flexibility in case of shopping mall structure change and acts as useful guideline in design phase of construction of Cyber Shopping Mall.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.273-284
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• 2007

The paper considers a theoretical model for the study of the process of transfer of sulfate ions in saturated porous media - mineral composites. In its turn, the model treats diffusion of sulfate ions into cement based composites, accounting for simultaneous effects such as filling of micro-capillaries with ions and chemical products and liquid push out of them. The proposed numerical algorithm enables one to account for those simultaneous effects, as well as to model the diffusive behavior of separate sections of the considered volume, such as inert fillers. The cases studied illustrate the capabilities of the proposed model and those of the algorithm developed to study diffusion, considering the specimen complex configuration. Computations show that the theoretical assumptions enable one to qualitatively estimate the experimental evidence and the capabilities of the studied composite. The results found can be used to both assess the sulfate corrosion in saturated systems and predict and estimate damage of structures built of cement-based mineral composites.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.33-42
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• 1993

Geocell is a three dimensional cellular confinement system that forms a reocomposite mattress with infill material to increase the bearing capacity dramatically rather than geotextiles of nonwoven and woven fabric type and geogrid. In terms of design, this geocell confinement is quite complex to assess and is different in its hieoretical evaluation and its concept from other geosynthetic products. Thsi study is aimed to help a basic understanding on Geoweb system, which is known to be the most effective and easiest in handling among the geocell systems ever developed, by introducing two method of interpretation for the improvement of bearing capacity. Thus the writers are sillingly to help the geotechnical engineers and the site engineers who might be encountered with the bearing capacity problems on site.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2005

The ever increasing demand for enhanced competitiveness of engineered products requires "designing-in-quality" strategies that can effectively and efficiently incorporate concepts of uncertainty and quality into design. Multi-attribute utility function is commonly used to represent the decision-maker's preference on multiple design attributes under conditions of uncertainty and risk. One of the major issues in implementing this approach concerns the generation of appropriate utility function, especially in a complex engineering design environment. Typically, the decision maker's preference is revealed through lottery questions rather than being structured on the deductive reasoning to reflect the nonlinear tradeoffs among the attributes. The use of such intuitive procedures can lead to inexact preference information that may result in inaccuracy and rank reversal problems. This paper presents an alternative procedure based on the pair-wise comparisons between design alternatives towards a consistent preference presentation in assessing multiplicative utility function. The effectiveness of the overall procedures is tested with the aid of an injection-molding process design for a capacitor can and the results are discussed.